{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T20:49:25Z","timestamp":1791492565634,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,31]],"date-time":"2026-07-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785456000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003554","name":"Lundbeck Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003554","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Cardiovascular and renal consequences of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection have been studied intensively in high-risk groups, but the consequences of mild infection for the general population, particularly beyond the acute phase of infection, remain unclear. We examined long-term associations between SARS-CoV-2 infection and cardiovascular disease (CVD) and kidney disease (KD) in the general population, with emphasis on age and vaccination status at the time of infection, mild infection, and SARS-CoV-2 variant.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods and results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We conducted a register-based cohort study in Denmark that included all Danish residents with \u22651 PCR test for SARS-CoV-2 infection in the period March 2020-December 2022. We defined exposure as a positive PCR test for SARS-CoV-2 infection and used Cox regression to estimate hazard ratios for 15 CVD outcomes and six KD outcomes, comparing persons testing positive for SARS-CoV-2 infection and persons who only ever tested negative for infection. The cohort for CVD analyses included 4 508 489 persons without pre-existing CVD [median follow-up 25.2 months\/person, interquartile range (IQR) 21.7\u201327.5 months]; 2 698 261 persons (59.8%) tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 infection during the study period. The cohort for the KD analyses included 5 150 480 persons without pre-existing KD (median follow-up 25.1 months, IQR 21.7\u201327.4 months), 2 983 233 (57.9%) of whom tested positive for infection. SARS-CoV-2 infection was associated with slight increases in the risks of pulmonary embolism, venous embolism\/thrombosis, arrhythmias, chronic renal failure, unspecified renal failure, and other\/unspecified KD up to a year after infection; infection was not associated with the other disease groups tested. The strongest associations between SARS-CoV-2 infection and CVD and KD were observed among unvaccinated persons and persons infected with earlier (pre-omicron) variants.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We found little evidence that infection with SARS-CoV-2 was associated with increased long-term risks of CVD or KD in the general population. Increased CVD risks associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection appeared limited to three outcomes (pulmonary embolism, venous embolism\/thrombosis, arrhythmias), and the potential increases in risk were small. Our KD results also suggested that any persistent risks associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection were minimal; however, these findings need to be confirmed in other populations. Most importantly, in a largely vaccinated population, long-term CVD and KD risks differed little for omicron-infected and uninfected persons.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/ehjopen\/oeag121","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T11:54:37Z","timestamp":1785412477000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["SARS-CoV-2 infection and long-term risk of cardiovascular and renal morbidity"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"6","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6849-9985","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Heather A","family":"Boyd","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology Research, Statens Serum Institut , Artillerivej 5, DK-2300 Copenhagen ,","place":["Denmark"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thor Gr\u00f8nborg","family":"Junker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology Research, Statens Serum Institut , Artillerivej 5, DK-2300 Copenhagen ,","place":["Denmark"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4209-2778","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tor","family":"Biering-S\u00f8rensen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Translational Cardiology and Pragmatic Randomized Trials, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen , Blegdamsvej 3B, DK-2200 Copenhagen ,","place":["Denmark"]},{"name":"Cardiovascular Non-Invasive Imaging Research Laboratory, Department of Cardiology, Copenhagen University Hospital\u2013Herlev-Gentofte , Gentofte Hospitalsvej 8, DK-2900 Hellerup ,","place":["Denmark"]},{"name":"Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen , Borgmester Ib Juuls Vej 83, DK-2730 Herlev ,","place":["Denmark"]},{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Copenhagen University Hospital\u2013Rigshospitalet , Blegdamsvej 9, DK-2100 Copenhagen 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