{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,10]],"date-time":"2026-08-10T01:46:12Z","timestamp":1786326372956,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,17]],"date-time":"2022-05-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1652745600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,28]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title><jats:p>Over the past decades, there have been improvements in the management of cardiovascular (CV) disease and risk factors. Long-term contemporary data on the population-level incidence of myocardial infarction (MI), heart failure (HF), and CV mortality in patients with peripheral artery disease (PAD) are sparse, which we aim to investigate in this study.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods and results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Danish nationwide registers were used to identify all patients aged\u00a0\u226518 years, with first diagnosis of PAD between 1997 and 2016. Age-standardized incidence rates (IRs) per 1000 person-years were calculated to estimate trends of MI, HF, and CV mortality. The risk of MI, HF, and CV mortality was estimated by 1-year cumulative incidence with death as the competing risk. A total of 131\u00a0568 patients with PAD were identified [median age 70.67 (interquartile range, IQR, 61\u201378) years and 53.05% males]. The IRs showed increasing trends of MI until 2002, with an estimated annual percentage change (APC) of\u00a0+\u00a00.6 [95% confidence interval (CI) 3.3\u201316.1, P-value 0.2]. After the year 2002, MI incidence persistently decreased until the study end with an estimated APC of\u00a0\u22125.0 (95% CI 3.7\u20136.3, P\u00a0&amp;lt;\u00a00.0001), HF declined with an estimated APC of\u00a0\u22123.3 (95% CI 2.0\u20134.6, P\u00a0&amp;lt;\u00a00.0001); and CV mortality declined, with an APC of\u00a0\u22123.5 (95% CI 3.0\u20134.0, P\u00a0&amp;lt;\u00a00.0001).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>The incidence of MI (since 2002) and HF in patients with PAD has significantly decreased over time, together with a decline in CV mortality. Our results suggest that preventive strategies have overall improved, most likely due to improvements in the application of guidelines in clinical care.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/ehjqcco\/qcac022","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,17]],"date-time":"2022-05-17T22:43:53Z","timestamp":1652827433000},"page":"142-149","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Incidence of myocardial infarction, heart failure, and cardiovascular mortality in patients with peripheral artery disease: trends between 1997 and 2016"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9370-8870","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sadaf","family":"Kamil","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Copenhagen University Hospital Herlev\u2013Gentofte , Kildegaardsvej 28, 2900 Hellerup, Denmark"},{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Bispebjerg\u2013Frederiksberg University Hospital , Nordre Fasanvej 57, 2000 Frederiksberg, Denmark"},{"name":"Department of Biomedicine, Copenhagen University , 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas S G","family":"Sehested","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Danish Heart Foundation , 1120 Copenhagen, Denmark"},{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Koege\u2013Roskilde University Hospital , 4000 Zealand, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kim","family":"Houlind","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Vascular Surgery , Kolding Hospital, 6000 Kolding, Denmark"},{"name":"Department of Regional Health Research, University of Southern Denmark, 5000 Odense, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jens F","family":"Lassen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Odense University Hospital , 5000 Odense, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0548-402X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gunnar H","family":"Gislason","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Copenhagen University Hospital Herlev\u2013Gentofte , Kildegaardsvej 28, 2900 Hellerup, Denmark"},{"name":"The Danish Heart Foundation , 1120 Copenhagen, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Helena","family":"Dominguez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Bispebjerg\u2013Frederiksberg University Hospital , Nordre Fasanvej 57, 2000 Frederiksberg, Denmark"},{"name":"Department of Biomedicine, Copenhagen University , 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"2023022812200912200_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"763","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehx095","article-title":"2017 ESC Guidelines on the Diagnosis and Treatment of Peripheral Arterial Diseases, in collaboration with the European Society for Vascular Surgery (ESVS): document covering atherosclerotic disease of extracranial carotid and vertebral, mesenteric, renal, upper and lower extremity arteries. 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