{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T14:11:01Z","timestamp":1790345461666,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":106,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,25]],"date-time":"2025-06-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1750809600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>There is increasing recognition that social determinants of health affect outcomes in individuals with congenital heart disease and cause health disparities. This scientific statement from the European Association of Preventive Cardiology of the European Society of Cardiology provides an outline of the existing disparities from a global perspective in this population. We review the current knowledge on racial and ethnic patterns and the role of deprivation status, food insecurity, built environment, financial strain, psychological health and parental distress and education and literacy in creating inequities. Finally, we provide future directions for policy, research, and clinical practice in achieving health equity in the congenital heart disease population.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/ehjqcco\/qcaf052","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,24]],"date-time":"2025-06-24T07:40:05Z","timestamp":1750750805000},"page":"147-154","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Existing health disparities in congenital heart disease: the path forward to achieving health equity\u2014A scientific statement of the European Association of Preventive Cardiology of the ESC"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2540-6931","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aparna","family":"Kulkarni","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Northwell Health, Cohen Children\u2019s Medical Center, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra\/Northwell , New Hyde Park, NY 11040 ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3421-5256","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eva","family":"Goossens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nursing Science and Midwifery, Centre for Research and Innovation in Care (CRIC), Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp , 1, 2610 Antwerp ,","place":["Belgium"]},{"name":"Department of Public Health and Primary Care, KU Leuven , Leuven, 2650 Edegem ,","place":["Belgium"]},{"name":"Department of Patient Care, Antwerp University Hospital (UZA) , Antwerp, 2650 Edegem ,","place":["Belgium"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3095-373X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kira","family":"Kuschnerus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Congenital and Pediatric Cardiac Surgery, Deutsches Herzzentrum der Charit\u00e9 (DHZC) , 13353 Berlin ,","place":["Germany"]},{"name":"Charit\u00e9\u2014Universit\u00e4tsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universit\u00e4t Berlin, Humboldt-Universit\u00e4t zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health , 10117 Berlin ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4780-5271","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Peter","family":"Kramer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Charit\u00e9\u2014Universit\u00e4tsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universit\u00e4t Berlin, Humboldt-Universit\u00e4t zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health , 10117 Berlin ,","place":["Germany"]},{"name":"Department of Congenital Heart Disease\u2014Pediatric Cardiology, Deutsches Herzzentrum der Charit\u00e9 (DHZC) , 13353 Berlin ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7035-8508","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Delphine","family":"De Smedt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Ghent University , B-9000 Ghent ,","place":["Belgium"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3228-1188","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria","family":"Simonenko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"High-Tech Management of Heart Failure Research Department, Heart Transplantation Outpatient Department, V.A. 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