{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,19]],"date-time":"2026-07-19T07:45:37Z","timestamp":1784447137937,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":70,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,12]],"date-time":"2025-09-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1757635200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Frailty is highly prevalent in cardiovascular disease and associates with poor clinical outcomes. Several cardiovascular conditions benefit from invasive interventions, but the impact of these procedures in frail patients remains unclear. We thus performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to summarize evidence and quantify the pooled effect of clinical outcomes of invasive cardiovascular interventions among frail vs. non-frail patients. Systematic search of two electronic databases from January 2015 to April 2025 was performed including all randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and prospective cohort studies examining outcomes of invasive cardiovascular interventions stratified by frailty. Outcomes included all-cause mortality, hospitalizations, and other adverse outcomes. Risk ratios (RRs) and their 95% confidence intervals (CI) were assessed using random-effects models. Thirty-one studies (10 RCTs, 21 prospective, 3 retrospective studies) with a total of 27 534 participants were included. Compared with non-frail patients, frail patients after cardiovascular procedures were at higher risks of all-cause mortality (RR 3.14, 95% CI: 2.29-4.30), and hospitalizations (RR 1.88, 95% CI: 1.29-2.73). Frail patients undergoing transcatheter aortic-valve implantation and percutaneous mitral-valve interventions did not have significant increased mortality risks compared with non-frail patients (P &amp;gt; 0.05). Pre-frailty predicted lower mortality risks amongst patients undergoing transcatheter vs. surgical aortic valve replacement (HR 0.78, 95% CI: 0.67-0.92). Frail patients with non-ST elevation myocardial infarction derived similar mortality benefits from an invasive vs. conservative approach (HR 1.13, 95% CI: 0.64-2.01). In conclusion, frailty prognosticates adverse outcomes following invasive cardiovascular interventions and influences treatment efficacy, highlighting its significance in treatment selection<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/ehjqcco\/qcaf109","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,11]],"date-time":"2025-09-11T11:59:24Z","timestamp":1757591964000},"page":"95-104","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Clinical outcomes following invasive cardiovascular interventions in frail populations: a systematic review and meta-analysis"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4801-7306","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Haowen","family":"Jiang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, National Heart Centre Singapore , 5 Hospital Drive 169609 Singapore, Singapore"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jie Jun","family":"Wong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, National Heart Centre Singapore , 5 Hospital Drive 169609 Singapore, Singapore"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ling-Jun","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Global Centre for Asian Women\u2019s Health (GloW), Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of \u00a0 Singapore, 117599 Singapore, Singapore"},{"name":"Department of O&G, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore , 117549 Singapore, Singapore"},{"name":"Bia-Echo Asia Centre for Reproductive Longevity and Equality (ACRLE), Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore , 117549 Singapore, Singapore"},{"name":"Institute for Human Development & Potential (iHDP), Agency for Science, Technology & Research (A*STAR) , 138632 Singapore, Singapore"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fei","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, National Heart Centre Singapore , 5 Hospital Drive 169609 Singapore, Singapore"},{"name":"Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School , 169857 Singapore, Singapore"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joanna J","family":"Wykrzykowska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiology Department, University Medical Center Groningen , 9700RB Groningen ,","place":["The Netherlands"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kay Woon","family":"Ho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, National Heart Centre Singapore , 5 Hospital Drive 169609 Singapore, Singapore"},{"name":"Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School , 169857 Singapore, Singapore"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Saeko","family":"Takahashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Shonan Oiso Hospital , Kanagawa 259-Oiso ,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kwan S","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Mayo Clinic Arizona , 85054 Arizona ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"William K F","family":"Kong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore , 117599 Singapore, Singapore"},{"name":"Department of Cardiology, National University Heart Centre Singapore , 119074 Singapore, Singapore"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kian Keong","family":"Poh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore , 117599 Singapore, Singapore"},{"name":"Department of Cardiology, National University Heart Centre Singapore , 119074 Singapore, Singapore"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ru-San","family":"Tan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, National Heart Centre Singapore , 5 Hospital Drive 169609 Singapore, Singapore"},{"name":"Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School , 169857 Singapore, Singapore"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5629-9732","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Angela S","family":"Koh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, National Heart Centre Singapore , 5 Hospital Drive 169609 Singapore, Singapore"},{"name":"Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School , 169857 Singapore, Singapore"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026010603571098700_qcaf109-B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"752","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(12)62167-9","article-title":"Frailty in elderly people","volume":"381","author":"Clegg","year":"2013","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"2026010603571098700_qcaf109-B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e031736","DOI":"10.1161\/JAHA.123.031736","article-title":"Frailty and cardiovascular health","volume":"13","author":"James","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Am Heart Assoc"},{"key":"2026010603571098700_qcaf109-B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"623","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)30930-2","article-title":"Invasive versus non-invasive management of older patients with non-ST elevation myocardial infarction (SENIOR-NSTEMI): a cohort study based on routine clinical 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