{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,24]],"date-time":"2026-06-24T05:54:48Z","timestamp":1782280488715,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,5]],"date-time":"2020-05-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1588636800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100013362","name":"Swiss Cancer Research Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["KLS-4862-082019"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["KLS-4862-082019"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100013362","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100008273","name":"Novartis Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["20A036"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20A036"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100008273","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100013362","name":"Swiss Cancer Research Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["KFS-4555-08-2018"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["KFS-4555-08-2018"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100013362","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004543","name":"China Scholarship Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["201806010425"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["201806010425"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004543","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Fondazione San Salvatore"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p\/>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>OBJECTIVES<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is a deadly disease with limited treatment options. Approaches to enhance patient immunity against MPM have been tested but shown variable results. Previously, we have demonstrated interesting vascular modulating properties of low-dose photodynamic therapy (L-PDT) on MPM. Here, we hypothesized that L-PDT vascular modulation could favour immune cell extravasation in MPM and improve tumour control in combination with immune checkpoint inhibitors.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>METHODS<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>First, we assessed the impact of L-PDT on vascular endothelial E-selectin expression, a key molecule for immune cell extravasation, in vitro and in a syngeneic murine model of MPM. Second, we characterized the tumour immune cell infiltrate by 15-colour flow cytometry analysis 2 and 7\u2009days after L-PDT treatment of the murine MPM model. Third, we determined how L-PDT combined with immune checkpoint inhibitor anti-CTLA4 affected tumour growth in a murine MPM model.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>L-PDT significantly enhanced E-selectin expression by endothelial cells in vitro and in vivo. This correlated with increased CD8+ T cells and activated antigen-presenting cells (CD11b+ dendritic cells and macrophages) infiltration in MPM. Also, compared to anti-CTLA4 that only affects tumour growth, the combination of L-PDT with anti-CTLA4 caused complete MPM regression in 37.5% of animals.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>CONCLUSIONS<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>L-PDT enhances E-selectin expression in the MPM endothelium, which favours immune infiltration of tumours. The combination of L-PDT with immune checkpoint inhibitor anti-CTLA4 allows best tumour control and regression.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/ejcts\/ezaa145","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,31]],"date-time":"2020-03-31T11:11:21Z","timestamp":1585653081000},"page":"783-791","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Low-dose photodynamic therapy promotes a cytotoxic immunological response in a murine model of pleural mesothelioma"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"58","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1993-4503","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sabrina","family":"Cavin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Thoracic Surgery, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aspasia","family":"Gkasti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Swiss Institute for Experimental Cancer Research, School of 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