{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,25]],"date-time":"2026-06-25T08:46:37Z","timestamp":1782377197472,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,13]],"date-time":"2021-07-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1626134400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,27]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>\u2002<\/jats:title>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>OBJECTIVES<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Clinically, tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) patients who underwent repair late (older than 2\u2009years) appears to have worse outcomes after pulmonary valve replacement than patients who underwent repair early. We proceeded to review the clinical features of late-repaired TOF patients who required pulmonary valve replacement.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>METHODS<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Fifty patients who underwent pulmonary valve replacement after TOF repair over the age of 2\u2009years from 2000 to 2018 were retrospectively reviewed. Pre- and postoperative cardiac magnetic resonance imaging, cardiopulmonary exercise tests, and cardiac catheterization were analysed.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The median age of patients at the time of TOF repair and pulmonary valve replacement was 3.6 and 23.4\u2009years, respectively. The median interval from TOF repair to pulmonary valve replacement was 20.5\u2009years. Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging and cardiopulmonary exercise tests were performed at a median of 5.9 and 3.7\u2009years after pulmonary valve replacement, respectively. Cardiac magnetic resonance revealed that there were significant changes in the indexed values of the right ventricle end-diastolic volume (164.7\u2013106.9\u2009ml\/m2, P\u2009&amp;lt;\u20090.001), end-systolic volume (101.4\u201364.9\u2009ml\/m2, P\u2009&amp;lt;\u20090.001), stroke volume (66.8\u201348.0\u2009ml\/m2, P\u2009=\u20090.007) and cardiac output (5.1\u20133.6 l\/m2, P\u2009=\u20090.040). Twenty-eight percentage of patients achieved normalization of the right ventricular volume after pulmonary valve replacement. In the exercise test, the maximum rate of oxygen consumption (72.5\u201369.5%) and oxygen pulse (95.0\u201383.0%) changed without statistical significance.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>CONCLUSIONS<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Although pulmonary valve replacement after late TOF correction improves right ventricular volume status, only a minority of patients achieve normalization of right ventricular end systolic volume and a normal functional status.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/ejcts\/ezab277","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,15]],"date-time":"2021-05-15T11:10:17Z","timestamp":1621077017000},"page":"64-72","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Pulmonary valve replacement may not restore ventricular volume and functional status in patients with pulmonary regurgitation after late tetralogy of Fallot repair"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"61","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2837-7929","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Woojung","family":"Kim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Seoul National University Children\u2019s Hospital, Seoul National University, College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6375-1210","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jae Gun","family":"Kwak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Seoul National University Children\u2019s Hospital, Seoul National University, College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4949-9688","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hye Won","family":"Kwon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University Children\u2019s Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0492-2814","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sungkyu","family":"Cho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Seoul National University Children\u2019s Hospital, Seoul National University, College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9530-8638","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Woong-Han","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Seoul National University Children\u2019s Hospital, Seoul National University, College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeong Ryul","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Seoul National University Children\u2019s Hospital, Seoul National University, College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9446-4903","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jooncheol","family":"Min","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Seoul National University Children\u2019s Hospital, Seoul National University, College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"2021122915125291100_ezab277-B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1462","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(09)60657-7","article-title":"Tetralogy of Fallot","volume":"374","author":"Apitz","year":"2009","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"2021122915125291100_ezab277-B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"III-123","DOI":"10.1161\/circ.102.suppl_3.III-123","article-title":"What is the optimal age for repair of tetralogy of Fallot?","volume":"102","author":"Van Arsdell","year":"2000","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"2021122915125291100_ezab277-B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1138","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cjca.2017.06.011","article-title":"Pulmonary valve procedures late after repair of tetralogy of Fallot: current perspectives and contemporary approaches to management","volume":"33","author":"Bhagra","year":"2017","journal-title":"Can J Cardiol"},{"key":"2021122915125291100_ezab277-B4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1431","DOI":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2005.04.016","article-title":"Tetralogy of Fallot: results of a pulmonary valve-sparing strategy","volume":"80","author":"Stewart","year":"2005","journal-title":"Ann Thorac Surg"},{"key":"2021122915125291100_ezab277-B5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1703","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.117.027402","article-title":"Immediate and midterm cardiac remodeling after surgical pulmonary valve replacement in adults with repaired tetralogy of Fallot: a prospective cardiovascular magnetic resonance and clinical study","volume":"136","author":"Heng","year":"2017","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"2021122915125291100_ezab277-B6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"738","DOI":"10.1136\/heartjnl-2017-312048","article-title":"A propensity score-adjusted analysis of clinical outcomes after pulmonary valve replacement in tetralogy of Fallot","volume":"104","author":"Bokma","year":"2018","journal-title":"Heart"},{"key":"2021122915125291100_ezab277-B7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1-8","DOI":"10.1093\/ejcts\/ezs219","article-title":"Mid-term results of bioprosthetic pulmonary valve replacement in pulmonary regurgitation after tetralogy of Fallot repair","volume":"42","author":"Jang","year":"2012","journal-title":"Eur J Cardiothorac Surg"},{"key":"2021122915125291100_ezab277-B8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1005","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2012.03.077","article-title":"Outcomes of pulmonary valve replacement in 170 patients with chronic pulmonary regurgitation after relief of right ventricular outflow tract obstruction: implications for optimal timing of pulmonary valve replacement","volume":"60","author":"Lee","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"2021122915125291100_ezab277-B9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1186\/s12968-015-0111-7","article-title":"Normal values for cardiovascular magnetic resonance in adults and children","volume":"17","author":"Kawel-Boehm","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Cardiovasc Magn Reson"},{"key":"2021122915125291100_ezab277-B10","article-title":"Staged versus complete repair in the symptomatic neonate with tetralogy of Fallot","author":"Bailey","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ann Thorac Surg"},{"key":"2021122915125291100_ezab277-B11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"893","DOI":"10.1007\/s00246-017-1579-8","article-title":"Complete repair of tetralogy of Fallot in the neonatal versus non-neonatal period: a meta-analysis","volume":"38","author":"Loomba","year":"2017","journal-title":"Pediatr Cardiol"},{"key":"2021122915125291100_ezab277-B12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e113-7","DOI":"10.1093\/ejcts\/ezu469","article-title":"Late repair of tetralogy of Fallot during childhood in patients from developing countries","volume":"47","author":"Benbrik","year":"2015","journal-title":"Eur J Cardiothorac Surg"},{"key":"2021122915125291100_ezab277-B13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1446","DOI":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2018.05.080","article-title":"Tetralogy of Fallot repair in developing countries: international quality improvement collaborative","volume":"106","author":"Sandoval","year":"2018","journal-title":"Ann Thorac Surg"},{"key":"2021122915125291100_ezab277-B14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1790","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.91.6.1790","article-title":"Capillary distribution in the ventricles of hearts with pulmonary atresia and intact ventricular septum","volume":"91","author":"Oosthoek","year":"1995","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"2021122915125291100_ezab277-B15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"774","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.117.312136","article-title":"Endocardial cell plasticity in cardiac development, diseases and regeneration","volume":"122","author":"Zhang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Circ Res"},{"key":"2021122915125291100_ezab277-B16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"270","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtcvs.2006.04.001","article-title":"Histopathology of the right ventricular outflow tract and its relationship to clinical outcomes and arrhythmias in patients with tetralogy of Fallot","volume":"132","author":"Chowdhury","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg"},{"key":"2021122915125291100_ezab277-B17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"403","DOI":"10.1007\/s00247-013-2840-9","article-title":"Diffuse myocardial fibrosis following tetralogy of Fallot repair: a T1 mapping cardiac magnetic resonance study","volume":"44","author":"Kozak","year":"2014","journal-title":"Pediatr Radiol"},{"key":"2021122915125291100_ezab277-B18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"545","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.106.659664","article-title":"Preoperative thresholds for pulmonary valve replacement in patients with corrected tetralogy of Fallot using cardiovascular magnetic resonance","volume":"116","author":"Oosterhof","year":"2007","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"2021122915125291100_ezab277-B19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2721","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehi581","article-title":"Remodelling of the right ventricle after early pulmonary valve replacement in children with repaired tetralogy of Fallot: assessment by cardiovascular magnetic resonance","volume":"26","author":"Buechel","year":"2005","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"2021122915125291100_ezab277-B20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S182","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.107.756825","article-title":"Biventricular response after pulmonary valve replacement for right ventricular outflow tract dysfunction: is age a predictor of outcome?","volume":"118","author":"Frigiola","year":"2008","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"2021122915125291100_ezab277-B21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"829","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehv550","article-title":"Preoperative thresholds for mid-to-late haemodynamic and clinical outcomes after pulmonary valve replacement in tetralogy of Fallot","volume":"37","author":"Bokma","year":"2016","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"2021122915125291100_ezab277-B22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S201","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.110.951178","article-title":"Randomized trial of pulmonary valve replacement with and without right ventricular remodeling surgery","volume":"122","author":"Geva","year":"2010","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"2021122915125291100_ezab277-B23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2915","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehq249","article-title":"ESC Guidelines for the management of grown-up congenital heart disease (new version 2010)","volume":"31","author":"Baumgartner","year":"2010","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"2021122915125291100_ezab277-B24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"678","DOI":"10.1001\/jamacardio.2016.5818","article-title":"Value of cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging in noninvasive risk stratification in Tetralogy of Fallot","volume":"2","author":"Bokma","year":"2017","journal-title":"JAMA Cardiol"},{"key":"2021122915125291100_ezab277-B25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1670","DOI":"10.1016\/S0735-1097(00)00930-X","article-title":"Pulmonary valve replacement in adults late after repair of tetralogy of fallot: are we operating too late?","volume":"36","author":"Therrien","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"2021122915125291100_ezab277-B26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.167.2.211","article-title":"ATS\/ACCP statement on cardiopulmonary exercise testing","volume":"167","year":"2003","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"2021122915125291100_ezab277-B27","first-page":"478","article-title":"Assessing late cardiopulmonary function in patients with repaired tetralogy of Fallot using exercise cardiopulmonary function test and cardiac magnetic resonance","volume":"31","author":"Yang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Acta Cardiol Sin"},{"key":"2021122915125291100_ezab277-B28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1159\/000441291","article-title":"Differential effect of the ratio of right ventricular volume to left ventricular volume in children with repaired tetralogy of Fallot","volume":"133","author":"Yao","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cardiology"},{"key":"2021122915125291100_ezab277-B29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"78","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.12120051","article-title":"Repaired tetralogy of Fallot: ratio of right ventricular volume to left ventricular volume as a marker of right ventricular dilatation","volume":"265","author":"\u015apiewak","year":"2012","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"2021122915125291100_ezab277-B30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"493","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1540-8191.2008.00634.x","article-title":"Evaluation of right ventricular functions and B-type natriuretic peptide levels by cardiopulmonary exercise test in patients with pulmonary regurgitation after repair of tetralogy of Fallot","volume":"23","author":"Cetin","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Card Surg"}],"container-title":["European Journal of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ejcts\/article-pdf\/61\/1\/64\/41972812\/ezab277.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ejcts\/article-pdf\/61\/1\/64\/41972812\/ezab277.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,29]],"date-time":"2021-12-29T15:29:41Z","timestamp":1640791781000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ejcts\/article\/61\/1\/64\/6319846"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,13]]},"references-count":30,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,13]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,27]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/ejcts\/ezab277","relation":{},"ISSN":["1010-7940","1873-734X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1010-7940","type":"print"},{"value":"1873-734X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,1]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,13]]}}}