{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,28]],"date-time":"2026-03-28T09:49:36Z","timestamp":1774691376805,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,18]],"date-time":"2021-11-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1637193600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,24]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>\u2002<\/jats:title>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>OBJECTIVES<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Our goal was to evaluate the morphology of the aortic arch, focusing on the left subclavian artery (LSA), and to anticipate implications for single-branched endovascular aortic arch repair.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>METHODS<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>We performed a morphological analysis of computed tomography angiography scans of 322 patients between January 2002 and December 2018. Arch type and distance between arch vessels on the convexity were evaluated. We defined 3 morphological types: U-type distance between the left common carotid artery (LCCA) and LSA offspring &amp;gt;10\u2009mm; V-type distance between the LCCA and LSA offspring &amp;lt;10\u2009mm and W-type isolated left vertebral artery offspring from the aortic arch.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Most patients presented a type III arch [50% (n\u2009=\u2009161)]. The median distance from the brachiocephalic trunk offspring to the LCCA offspring measured 2.5\u2009mm (2.0\u20133.0\u2009mm) and that between the LCCA offspring and the LSA offspring was 6.5\u2009mm (4.0\u201311.0\u2009mm). We observed no significant difference based on the morphological type (V versus U versus W) in the brachiocephalic trunk\u2013LCCA distance, but there were significant differences in the LCCA\u2013LSA distance between types V and U (P\u2009&amp;lt;\u20090.001) and between types V and W (P\u2009&amp;lt;\u20090.001). Interestingly, we found no significant difference in the LCCA\u2013LSA distance between types U and W. We noted a significant difference in the median diameter of the LSA according to U, V and W types: V type versus U type, 12.5 vs 13.5\u2009mm (P\u2009=\u20090.033) as well as U type versus W type, 13.5 vs 10.5\u2009mm (P\u2009&amp;lt;\u20090.001) and V type versus W type, 12.5 vs 10.5\u2009mm (P\u2009&amp;lt;\u20090.002). The distances between the LSA offspring and left vertebral artery offspring between types U and V did not differ significantly.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>CONCLUSIONS<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Our categorization of the U, V and W types of the LSA can help us anticipate shapes and distances and thereby function as an initial evaluation tool for predicting single branched endovascular aortic arch repair involving the LSA.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/ejcts\/ezab482","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,25]],"date-time":"2021-10-25T11:07:09Z","timestamp":1635160029000},"page":"348-354","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Morphology of the left subclavian artery: implications for single-branched endovascular aortic arch repair"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"61","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1892-1487","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stoyan","family":"Kondov","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, Albert Ludwigs University Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2975-2751","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Friedhelm","family":"Beyersdorf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, Albert Ludwigs University Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nora","family":"Braun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, Albert Ludwigs University Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3036-7367","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rene","family":"H\u00f6hn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, Albert Ludwigs University Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany"},{"name":"Department of Pediatric Cardiology, University Heart Center Freiburg-Bad, Krozingen, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1576-1481","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christopher","family":"Schlett","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, Albert Ludwigs University Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany"},{"name":"Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bartosz","family":"Rylski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, Albert Ludwigs University Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3305-9343","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Matthias","family":"Siepe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, Albert Ludwigs University Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3099-7254","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maximilian","family":"Kreibich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, Albert Ludwigs University Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9716-3655","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Roman","family":"Gottardi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular and Endovascular Surgery, Paracelsus Private Medical University Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria"},{"name":"Department of Cardiac, Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, Mediclin Heart Institute, Lahr\/Baden, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Martin","family":"Czerny","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, Albert Ludwigs University Freiburg, Freiburg, 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