{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]],"date-time":"2026-09-28T20:02:25Z","timestamp":1790625745080,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,28]],"date-time":"2022-01-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1643328000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,27]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p\/>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>OBJECTIVES<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The phenotypic features and morphogenesis of the \u2018sinus venosus defect\u2019 remain controversial. The phenotypic features are anomalous systemic connections of 1 or more pulmonary veins that retain their left atrial connection, usually associated with a biatrial connection of the superior caval vein. Cases with these features, however, have not always been described as sinus venosus defects.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>METHODS<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>We reviewed the findings documented in the literature from 11 patients with a biatrial connection of the superior caval vein, most reported following an autopsy examination. We compared these findings with the anatomical details of 50 patients undergoing surgical correction in our centre, paying particular attention to the override of the superior caval vein.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>In only two-thirds of those undergoing surgery did the superior caval vein override the rims of the oval fossa, with the degree of override &amp;gt;50% in only 2 individuals. It is only these latter 2 cases that are directly comparable to the reported cases of biatrial connection of the superior caval vein.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>CONCLUSIONS<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Our comparisons provide new insights into the developmental background and phenotypic features of the superior sinus venosus defect. The defects exist because of the anomalous systemic connection of the pulmonary veins that retain their left atrial connections but not always in association with a biatrial connection of the superior caval vein. In extreme cases, nonetheless, they can underscore the connection of the caval vein to the morphologically left atrium, frequently described previously as a \u2018biatrial connection\u2019. The sinus venosus defect is better considered a venovenous malformation than a septal defect.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/ejcts\/ezab556","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,30]],"date-time":"2021-12-30T20:10:26Z","timestamp":1640895026000},"page":"1211-1222","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["A reappraisal of the sinus venosus defect"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"61","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1672-1502","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ujjwal Kumar","family":"Chowdhury","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Cardiothoracic Centre, All India Institute of Medical Sciences , New Delhi, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5163-9021","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Robert H","family":"Anderson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Newcastle University , Newcastle upon Tyne, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6786-8304","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Niraj Nirmal","family":"Pandey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiovascular Radiology, Cardiothoracic Centre, All India Institute of Medical Sciences , Bilaspur, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Srikant","family":"Sharma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Cardiothoracic Centre, All India Institute of Medical Sciences , New Delhi, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9533-8853","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lakshmi Kumari","family":"Sankhyan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences , Bilaspur, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0372-9951","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Niwin","family":"George","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Cardiothoracic Centre, All India Institute of Medical Sciences , New Delhi, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4800-5826","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shikha","family":"Goja","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Cardiothoracic Centre, All India Institute of Medical Sciences , New Delhi, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5356-6038","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Balaji","family":"Arvind","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences , New Delhi, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"2022053118490700200_ezab556-B1","first-page":"376","article-title":"The sinus venosus type of atrial septal defect","volume":"105","author":"Ross","year":"1956","journal-title":"Guys Hosp Rep"},{"key":"2022053118490700200_ezab556-B2","first-page":"24","volume-title":"Malformations of the Human Heart","author":"Peacock","year":"1858"},{"key":"2022053118490700200_ezab556-B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1349","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtcvs.2008.12.010","article-title":"Inferior sinus venosus defect: echocardiographic diagnosis and surgical approach","volume":"137","author":"Crystal","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg"},{"key":"2022053118490700200_ezab556-B4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"623","DOI":"10.1017\/S1047951111000710","article-title":"Veno-venous bridges: the forerunners of the sinus venosus defect","volume":"21","author":"Butts","year":"2011","journal-title":"Cardiol Young"},{"key":"2022053118490700200_ezab556-B5","first-page":"1","article-title":"Beitrag zur Kenntnis der Missbildungen im Bereiche der oberen Hohlvene","volume":"15","author":"Nutzel","year":"1914","journal-title":"Frankf Z Pathol"},{"key":"2022053118490700200_ezab556-B6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"603","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00954941","article-title":"Abnorme einmundung von lungenvenen in die vena cava cranialis","volume":"327","author":"Hackensellner","year":"1955","journal-title":"Virchows Arch Pathol Anat Physiol Klin Med"},{"key":"2022053118490700200_ezab556-B7","first-page":"285","article-title":"Zur Frage der \u2018\u2018Physiologischen\u2019\u2019 Rechts-Bzw. 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