{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]],"date-time":"2026-10-12T16:04:39Z","timestamp":1791821079290,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,27]],"date-time":"2024-04-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1714176000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>OBJECTIVES<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Conventional treatment for type A aortic dissection includes replacement of the ascending aorta with an open distal anastomosis in the hemiarch position. The frozen elephant trunk (FET) is a hybrid technique that extends the repair to the descending thoracic aorta. The goal is to improve resolution of malperfusion syndrome and to induce positive aortic remodelling and reduce the need for reintervention on the downstream aorta. We aim to summarize the data on the short and long-term outcomes of this technique.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>METHODS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A thorough search of the literature was conducted isolating all articles dealing with aortic remodelling after the use of FET in case of type A acute aortic dissection. Keywords \u2018aortic dissection\u2019, \u2018frozen elephant trunk\u2019, \u2018aortic remodelling\u2019 and \u2018false lumen thrombosis\u2019 were used. Data for type B and chronic aortic dissections were excluded.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>FET use favourably influences aortic remodelling. The main advantages lie in the exclusion of distal entry tears in either the aortic arch or descending aorta thus restoring antegrade blood flow in the true lumen and inducing false lumen thrombosis. False lumen thrombosis is not only induced at the level of the stent deployment but also lower in the distal descending aorta. Moreover, it offers an adequate landing zone in the mid-descending aorta for second-stage endovascular or open surgical aortic repair, if needed.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>CONCLUSIONS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>FET can be advantageous in the treatment of acute type A aortic dissection dealing with extended aortic pathology.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/ejcts\/ezae176","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,25]],"date-time":"2024-04-25T00:05:53Z","timestamp":1714003553000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["The frozen elephant trunk: seeking a more definitive treatment for acute type A aortic dissection"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"65","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1272-7990","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nikolaos A","family":"Papakonstantinou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"2nd Cardiac Surgery Department, Onassis Cardiac Surgery Center , Athens, Greece"},{"name":"Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Peter Munk Cardiac Centre, Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network and University of Toronto , Toronto, ON, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel","family":"Martinez-Lopez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Peter Munk Cardiac Centre, Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network and University of Toronto , Toronto, ON, Canada"},{"name":"Cardiac Surgery Department, Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro , Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4079-2618","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jennifer Chia-Ying","family":"Chung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Peter Munk Cardiac Centre, Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network 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