{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,11]],"date-time":"2026-05-11T09:09:13Z","timestamp":1778490553125,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"Supplement_1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775001600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"funder":[{"name":"Korean Society for Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery"},{"name":"Asia-Pacific Innovative Thoracic Surgery Symposium 2025"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The role of upper mediastinal lymph node dissection (UMLND) in distal oesophageal and oesophagogastric junction (AEG) cancers remains debated, requiring a balance between potential oncologic benefit and surgical risk. This review provides an updated perspective on its role.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We analysed current evidence from retrospective studies, meta-analyses, and ongoing clinical trials, focusing on histology, tumour location, staging, neoadjuvant therapy response, and surgical outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Routine UMLND is not supported for all distal oesophageal and AEG cancers. A standard 2-field dissection is sufficient for most patients with AEG adenocarcinoma. Extended 2-field dissection may be beneficial for squamous cell carcinoma of the upper and middle oesophagus and for adenocarcinoma with high-risk features, such as clinically positive upper mediastinal nodes or bulky abdominal\/low-mid-mediastinal nodes. Current evidence highlights the need for a tailored surgical approach rather than uniform application.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>UMLND should not be considered routine but applied selectively according to tumour biology, location, and response to multimodal therapy. Future randomized data, particularly incorporating immunotherapy and advanced imaging and surgical techniques, will better define the optimal extent of lymphadenectomy in distinct patient subgroups.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/ejcts\/ezag073","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,27]],"date-time":"2026-01-27T12:07:52Z","timestamp":1769515672000},"page":"i76-i81","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Lymph Node Dissection of the Upper Mediastinum in Distal Oesophageal and Oesophagogastric Junction Cancer: Indicated in All Patients? 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Cologne Merheim Hospital , Ostmerheimer Strasse 200 , Cologne 51109,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Grimminger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General, Visceral and Transplant Surgery, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz , Mainz 55131,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Paul M","family":"Schneider","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hirslanden Clinic Zurich , Witellikerstrasse 40 , 8032 Zurich,","place":["Switzerland"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026051104214408100_ezag073-B1","first-page":"145","article-title":"Epidemiology of esophageal cancer in Japan and China","volume":"32","author":"Lin","year":"2022","journal-title":"J 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