{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T04:59:12Z","timestamp":1788238752693,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,10]],"date-time":"2023-01-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1673308800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100010269","name":"Wellcome Trust","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["WT209492\/Z\/17\/Z"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["WT209492\/Z\/17\/Z"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100010269","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000062","name":"National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["K23DK121888"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["K23DK121888"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000062","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"National Institute of Aging","award":["AG71934"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["AG71934"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100010414","name":"Health Research Board","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["ECSA-2020-001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ECSA-2020-001"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100010414","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"NIHR Birmingham Biomedical Research Centre at the University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000855","name":"University of Birmingham","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["BRC-1215-20009"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BRC-1215-20009"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000855","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>11-oxygenated androgens significantly contribute to the circulating androgen pool. Understanding the physiological variation of 11-oxygenated androgens and their determinants is essential for clinical interpretation, for example, in androgen excess conditions. We quantified classic and 11-oxygenated androgens in serum and saliva across the adult age and body mass index (BMI) range, also analyzing diurnal and menstrual cycle-dependent variation.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Design<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Cross-sectional. Morning serum samples were collected from 290 healthy volunteers (125 men, 22-95 years; 165 women, 21-91 years). Morning saliva samples were collected by a sub-group (51 women and 32 men). Diurnal saliva profiles were collected by 13 men. Twelve women collected diurnal saliva profiles and morning saliva samples on 7 consecutive days during both follicular and luteal menstrual cycle phases.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Serum and salivary steroids were quantified by liquid chromatography\u2013tandem mass spectrometry profiling assays.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Serum classic androgens decreased with age-adjusted BMI, for example, %change\u2005kg\/m2 for 5\u03b1-dihydrotestosterone: men \u22125.54% (95% confidence interval (CI) \u22128.10 to \u22122.98) and women \u22121.62% (95%CI \u22123.16 to \u22120.08). By contrast, 11-oxygenated androgens increased with BMI, for example, %change\u2005kg\/m2 for 11-ketotestosterone: men 3.05% (95%CI 0.08-6.03) and women 1.68% (95%CI \u22120.44 to 3.79). Conversely, classic androgens decreased with age in both men and women, while 11-oxygenated androgens did not. Salivary androgens showed a diurnal pattern in men and in the follicular phase in women; in the luteal phase, only 11-oxygenated androgens showed diurnal variation.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Classic androgens decrease while active 11-oxygenated androgens increase with increasing BMI, pointing toward the importance of adipose tissue mass for the activation of 11-oxygenated androgens. Classic but not 11-oxygenated androgens decline with age.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/ejendo\/lvac017","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,10]],"date-time":"2023-01-10T00:06:31Z","timestamp":1673309191000},"page":"86-100","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":43,"title":["Classic and 11-oxygenated androgens in serum and saliva across adulthood: a cross-sectional study analyzing the impact of age, body mass index, and diurnal and menstrual cycle variation"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"188","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8540-4861","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lina","family":"Schiffer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, University of Birmingham , Birmingham , United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Punith","family":"Kempegowda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, University of Birmingham , Birmingham , United Kingdom"},{"name":"Centre for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Birmingham Health Partners , Birmingham , United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7727-4497","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alice J","family":"Sitch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Applied Health Research, University of Birmingham , Birmingham , United Kingdom"},{"name":"National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Birmingham Biomedical Research Centre, University of Birmingham and University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust , Birmingham , United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joanne E","family":"Adaway","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Wythenshawe Hospital , Manchester , United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fozia","family":"Shaheen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, University of Birmingham , Birmingham , United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7104-7824","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andreas","family":"Ebbehoj","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, Diabetes and Nutrition, Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic , Rochester, MN , United States"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University , Aarhus , Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sumitabh","family":"Singh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, Diabetes and Nutrition, Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic , Rochester, MN , United States"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Malcom P","family":"McTaggart","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Wythenshawe Hospital , Manchester , United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael W","family":"O\u2019Reilly","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, University of Birmingham , Birmingham , United Kingdom"},{"name":"Endocrinology Research Group, Department of Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland (RCSI) University of Medicine and Health Sciences , Dublin , Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4821-0336","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alessandro","family":"Prete","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, University of Birmingham , Birmingham , United Kingdom"},{"name":"Centre for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Birmingham Health Partners , Birmingham , United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"James M","family":"Hawley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, University of Birmingham , Birmingham , United Kingdom"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Wythenshawe Hospital , Manchester , United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brian G","family":"Keevil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Wythenshawe Hospital , Manchester , United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9332-2524","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Irina","family":"Bancos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, Diabetes and Nutrition, Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic , Rochester, MN , United States"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Angela E","family":"Taylor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, University of Birmingham , Birmingham , United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5106-9719","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wiebke","family":"Arlt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, University of Birmingham , Birmingham , United Kingdom"},{"name":"Centre for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Birmingham Health Partners , Birmingham , United Kingdom"},{"name":"National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Birmingham Biomedical Research Centre, University of Birmingham and University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust , Birmingham , United 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