{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]],"date-time":"2026-09-17T07:02:17Z","timestamp":1789628537940,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":114,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,19]],"date-time":"2023-01-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1674086400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,14]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The aim of the study is to assess the distinguishing features of pregnancy-related hypophysitis (PR-Hy) compared to non-pregnancy autoimmune hypophysitis and to evaluate the changing therapeutic approaches and outcomes in PR-Hy over time.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Design<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Retrospective analysis of all published cases with PR-Hy and 6 own cases.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>A PubMed search was performed and abstracts screened for publications with information on cases with PR-Hy from which full-text review was performed. Clinical features, diagnostic findings, and outcome in relation to treatment modalities in PR-Hy were assessed.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>One hundred and forty-eight cases with PR-Hy were identified. PR-Hy was significantly delimited from non-PR-Hy by the frequent occurrence of the chiasmal syndrome (50% vs 13%, P &amp;lt; .0001), higher rate of intrasellar origin (94% vs 74%, P = .0005), lower rate of pituitary stalk involvement (39% vs 86%, P &amp;lt; .0001), and low rate of diabetes insipidus (12% vs 54%, P &amp;lt; .0001). The role of surgery in PR-Hy decreased over time while noninvasive treatment modalities increased. The recurrence rate after high-dose glucocorticoid therapy (33%) was high and exceeded that of surgery (2%) and conservative management (2%). In contrast to initial reports on PR-Hy, recent literature regarding outcome of mother's and child's health was positive. The frequency of spontaneous preterm delivery was not increased. Recurrent PR-Hy in a subsequent pregnancy was reported in only two females.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>PR-Hy has distinct features that delineate the disorder from non-PR-Hy. With increasing experience in diagnosis, availability of adequate replacement therapy, and improved treatment modalities, PR-Hy has lost its threat and the outcome is encouraging.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/ejendo\/lvad003","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,19]],"date-time":"2023-01-19T08:33:23Z","timestamp":1674117203000},"page":"R1-R12","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Pregnancy-related hypophysitis revisited"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"188","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7249-8077","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"J\u00fcrgen","family":"Honegger","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Eberhard-Karls-University T\u00fcbingen , T\u00fcbingen , Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5656-257X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sabrina","family":"Giese","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Eberhard-Karls-University T\u00fcbingen , T\u00fcbingen , Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2226-4958","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Isabella","family":"Nasi-Kordhishti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Eberhard-Karls-University T\u00fcbingen , T\u00fcbingen , Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5091-9582","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Diane Mary","family":"Donegan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Endocrinology, Indiana University , Indianapolis, IN , United States"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,19]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"2023072121105531200_lvad003-B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1007\/s11102-013-0550-9","article-title":"Primary (autoimmune) hypophysitis: a single centre experience","volume":"18","author":"Khare","year":"2015","journal-title":"Pituitary"},{"issue":"12","key":"2023072121105531200_lvad003-B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3225","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2016.08.020","article-title":"Hypophysitis secondary to cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 blockade: insights into pathogenesis from an autopsy series","volume":"186","author":"Caturegli","year":"2016","journal-title":"Am J Pathol"},{"issue":"2","key":"2023072121105531200_lvad003-B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"584","DOI":"10.1002\/path.1700830241","article-title":"Anterior hypophysitis and Hashimoto's Disease in a young woman","volume":"83","author":"Goudie","year":"1962","journal-title":"J Pathol Bacteriol"},{"issue":"4","key":"2023072121105531200_lvad003-B4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"240","DOI":"10.1097\/00005792-198907000-00006","article-title":"Lymphocytic hypophysitis. 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