{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]],"date-time":"2026-09-28T02:30:10Z","timestamp":1790562610728,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,28]],"date-time":"2023-02-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1677542400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>Craniopharyngiomas (CP) are rare malformational tumors. Clinical presentation and outcome of pediatric patients with CP with specific regard to age at diagnosis is not clear. The aim of this cohort study was to determine clinical presentation and outcome in these patients diagnosed at different ages at diagnosis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Design<\/jats:title><jats:p>Seven hundred and nine patients diagnosed with CP were recruited from 1999 to 2021 in HIT-Endo and KRANIOPHARYNGEOM 2000\/2007\/Registry 2019 and prospectively observed.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Age at diagnosis was categorized as infants and toddlers (&amp;lt;2 years), early childhood (2-6 years), middle childhood (6-12 years), and early adolescence (12-18 years). Overall and event-free survival (EFS), functional capacity (FMH), and quality of life (QoL) (PEDQOL) were assessed.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Severe obesity (body mass index [BMI] &amp;gt;3 standard deviation score [SDS]) was prevalent in 45.4% at last visit. A lower EFS but better QoL was observed in children with age at diagnosis &amp;lt;6 years compared with \u22656 years. Reduced functional capacity percentiles were associated with increased BMI-SDS at last visit (rho = \u22120.125, 95% confidence interval [CI; \u22120.21; \u22120.04]) and age at diagnosis &amp;lt;2 years. Posterior hypothalamic involvement and hypothalamic lesion (HL) were independent risk factors for reduced EFS (hazard ratio = 1.59, 95% CI [1.12-2.26]) and obesity at last visit (odds ratio = 2.94, 95% CI [1.73-5.08]). Age at diagnosis did not contribute to severe obesity and reduced QoL.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Diagnosis of CP at age &amp;lt;6 years may help patients to adapt early to disabilities but may lead to a higher probability of CP relapse. Not age at diagnosis but posterior HL may be the contributing factor to severe obesity and a reduced QoL.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Clinical trial registration numbers<\/jats:title><jats:p>NCT00258453; NCT01272622; NCT04158284.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/ejendo\/lvad027","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,1]],"date-time":"2023-03-01T16:35:49Z","timestamp":1677688549000},"page":"300-309","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":37,"title":["Outcome after pediatric craniopharyngioma: the role of age at diagnosis and hypothalamic damage"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"188","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5877-5496","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Julia","family":"Beckhaus","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics and Pediatric Hematology\/Oncology, University Children's Hospital, Carl von Ossietzky University , Klinikum Oldenburg A\u00f6R, Oldenburg 26133 , Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carsten","family":"Friedrich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics and Pediatric Hematology\/Oncology, University Children's Hospital, Carl von Ossietzky University , Klinikum Oldenburg A\u00f6R, Oldenburg 26133 , Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Svenja","family":"Boekhoff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics and Pediatric Hematology\/Oncology, University Children's Hospital, Carl von Ossietzky University , Klinikum Oldenburg A\u00f6R, Oldenburg 26133 , Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7893-7982","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gabriele","family":"Calaminus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Hematology\/Oncology, University of Bonn Medical Center , Bonn , Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brigitte","family":"Bison","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neuroradiology, University Hospital of Augsburg , Augsburg , Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria","family":"Eveslage","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Biostatistics and Clinical Research, University of M\u00fcnster , M\u00fcnster , Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Beate","family":"Timmermann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Particle Therapy, University Hospital Essen , Essen , Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J\u00f6rg","family":"Flitsch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE) , Hamburg , Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4929-9966","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hermann L","family":"M\u00fcller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics and Pediatric Hematology\/Oncology, University Children's Hospital, Carl von Ossietzky University , Klinikum Oldenburg A\u00f6R, Oldenburg 26133 , Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,28]]},"reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"2023032510163106600_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"513","DOI":"10.1210\/er.2013-1115","article-title":"Craniopharyngioma","volume":"35","author":"Muller","year":"2014","journal-title":"Endocr Rev."},{"key":"2023032510163106600_","first-page":"1","article-title":"Contemporary biological insights and clinical management of craniopharyngioma","author":"Apps","year":"2023","journal-title":"Endocr 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