{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T03:40:19Z","timestamp":1792640419800,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,23]],"date-time":"2024-05-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1716422400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100008723","name":"Finnish Medical Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100008723","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002341","name":"Academy of Finland","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["315921"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["315921"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002341","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002341","name":"Academy of Finland","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["321763"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["321763"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002341","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Sigrid Juselius Foundation"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003125","name":"Finnish Cultural Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003125","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100010125","name":"Jalmari and Rauha Ahokas Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100010125","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004212","name":"P\u00e4ivikki and Sakari Sohlberg Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004212","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>This population-based follow-up study investigated register-based disease diagnoses and medication use up till age of 50 years among women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) that were identified from a population-based birth cohort.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Design<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Population-based longitudinal cohort study.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Patients<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Women reporting oligo\/amenorrhea and hirsutism at age 31 and\/or who were diagnosed with PCOS by a physician by age 46 (n = 244) and women without PCOS symptoms or diagnosis (n = 1556) in the Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1966.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Main Outcome Measures<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>National register data on diagnosed diseases (International Statistical Classification of Diseases [ICD]-8-10) and medication use (Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical) until the age of 50.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Women with PCOS had a 26% higher risk for any registered diagnosis (risk ratio [RR]: 1.26 [1.09-1.46]) and a 24% higher risk for medication use (RR: 1.24 [1.05-1.46]) compared with non-PCOS women, even after adjusting for several confounders. Several main ICD categories were more prevalent among women with PCOS versus non-PCOS controls, eg, endocrine, metabolic, nervous system, musculoskeletal, and genitourinary diseases in addition with different symptoms and injuries. Surprisingly, even though the overall morbidity was only increased in women with PCOS with a body mass index (BMI) \u2265 25\u2005kg\/m2, there were several ICD main categories that showed higher comorbidity risk especially in women with PCOS with a BMI &amp;lt; 25\u2005kg\/m2. Several medications were prescribed more often to women with PCOS versus non-PCOS controls, eg, medications related to the alimentary tract and metabolism, the cardiovascular system, genitourinary system drugs and sex hormones, dermatologic and hormonal preparations, and medications to treat the musculoskeletal, nervous, and respiratory systems.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Women with PCOS are burdened with multimorbidity and higher medication use, independent of BMI and other confounders. Accordingly, preventive strategies are needed to alleviate the disease burden and improve the health outcomes of women with PCOS.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/ejendo\/lvae057","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,23]],"date-time":"2024-05-23T18:34:37Z","timestamp":1716489277000},"page":"409-420","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Polycystic ovary syndrome presents as a multimorbid condition by age 50: birth cohort linkage to national register data"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"190","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2849-9432","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Linda","family":"Kujanp\u00e4\u00e4","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Unit of Clinical Medicine, University of Oulu , 90220 Oulu , Finland"},{"name":"Medical Research Center Oulu (MRC Oulu), University of Oulu , 90220 Oulu , Finland"},{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Oulu University Hospital , 90220 Oulu , Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3277-9293","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Riikka K","family":"Arffman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Unit of Clinical Medicine, University of Oulu , 90220 Oulu , Finland"},{"name":"Medical Research Center Oulu (MRC Oulu), University of Oulu , 90220 Oulu , Finland"},{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Oulu University Hospital , 90220 Oulu , Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4215-3430","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paula","family":"Pesonen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infrastructure for Population Studies, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu , 90220 Oulu , Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elisa","family":"Hurskainen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Unit of Clinical Medicine, University of Oulu , 90220 Oulu , Finland"},{"name":"Medical Research Center Oulu (MRC Oulu), University of Oulu , 90220 Oulu , Finland"},{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Oulu University Hospital , 90220 Oulu , Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marjo-Riitta","family":"J\u00e4rvelin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Life-Course Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu , 90220 Oulu , Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephen","family":"Franks","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Reproductive and Developmental Biology, Imperial College London , SW7 2BT London , United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3139-9128","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Juha S","family":"Tapanainen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Oulu University Hospital , 90220 Oulu , Finland"},{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki University Hospital , 00014 Helsinki , Finland"},{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, HFR\u2014Cantonal Hospital of Fribourg, University of Fribourg , 79085 Fribourg , Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laure","family":"Morin-Papunen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Unit of Clinical Medicine, University of Oulu , 90220 Oulu , Finland"},{"name":"Medical Research Center Oulu (MRC Oulu), University of Oulu , 90220 Oulu , Finland"},{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Oulu University Hospital , 90220 Oulu , Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9921-7300","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Terhi T","family":"Piltonen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Unit of 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