{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]],"date-time":"2026-09-15T11:35:34Z","timestamp":1789472134368,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,17]],"date-time":"2025-06-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1750118400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000050","name":"National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1R01AG080516"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1R01AG080516"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000050","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000049","name":"National Institute on Aging","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["ACT 210039"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ACT 210039"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000049","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100020884","name":"Agencia Nacional de Investigaci\u00f3n y Desarrollo","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["MOH-000929-00"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MOH-000929-00"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100020884","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001349","name":"National Medical Research Council, Singapore","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001349","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,30]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Primary aldosteronism (PA) is a common treatable cause of hypertension. When caused by unilateral adrenal disease, it is potentially curable by adrenalectomy. However, specialized tests and other factors may delay definitive treatment. We assessed the time to adrenalectomy (TTA) for patients worldwide.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>We conducted an international, multicentre retrospective study involving 39 centres from 15 countries to determine the total time taken from the first presentation to adrenalectomy and the intervals between each stage (screening, confirmatory, subtyping, and adrenalectomy). We included patients with PA who underwent adrenalectomy from January 1, 2018, to October 30, 2022. Post-adrenalectomy outcomes were evaluated using the Primary Aldosteronism Surgery Outcome criteria. We performed multivariable quantile and linear regression to identify characteristics associated with longer TTA.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>We included 861 patients, mean age 49.3 \u00b1 11.1 years, and 44.5% were women. Overall median TTA was 13.5 months, IQR: 6.6-24.5. Median intervals were 0.1 months (screening), 1.0 months (confirmatory), 4.1 months (subtyping), and 4.3 months (adrenalectomy). On multivariable analysis, median TTA was increased by 5.4 months for each additional adrenal vein sampling (AVS) procedure. Other factors associated with longer TTA included adrenalectomy post-COVID-19, younger age, and additional screening tests. Compared with countries with routine AVS, those without AVS had a shorter TTA (6.1 vs 15.1 months, P &amp;lt; .001), but greater likelihood of absent\/partial biochemical success post-adrenalectomy (27.4% vs 12.4%, P &amp;lt; .001).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Primary aldosteronism management is time-consuming worldwide, especially for subtyping tests and adrenalectomy. While omitting AVS reduces overall time, patients are less likely to achieve biochemical cure post-adrenalectomy.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/ejendo\/lvaf124","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,26]],"date-time":"2025-06-26T19:05:47Z","timestamp":1750964747000},"page":"65-75","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["A global real-world study assessing total time to adrenalectomy in primary aldosteronism"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"193","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-8795-3498","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Charmaine","family":"Ter","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders, Duke\u2013NUS Medical School , Singapore 169857 ,","place":["Singapore"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xuan Han","family":"Koh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology, Changi General Hospital , Singapore 529889 ,","place":["Singapore"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hieu","family":"Tran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders, Duke\u2013NUS Medical School , Singapore 169857 ,","place":["Singapore"]},{"name":"Department of Endocrinology, Changi General Hospital , Singapore 529889 ,","place":["Singapore"]},{"name":"Department of Endocrinology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City , Ho Chi Minh City 700000 ,","place":["Vietnam"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9332-2524","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Irina","family":"Bancos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, Nutrition and Diabetes, Mayo Clinic , Rochester, MN 55905 ,","place":["United 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Boillos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Universitario de Castell\u00f3n , 12004 Castell\u00f3 de la Plana, Castell\u00f3n ,","place":["Spain"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2150-0499","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eleftheria","family":"Gkaniatsa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg , 413 90 Gothenburg ,","place":["Sweden"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9817-9875","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Martin","family":"Reincke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine IV, LMU Klinikum, Ludwig\u2013Maximilians University , 80539 Munich ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9206-0953","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christian","family":"Adolf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine IV, LMU Klinikum, Ludwig\u2013Maximilians University , 80539 Munich ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thang Viet","family":"Tran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City , Ho Chi Minh City 700000 ,","place":["Vietnam"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4317-8584","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michael","family":"Stowasser","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Endocrine Hypertension Research Centre, University of Queensland Frazer Institute , Brisbane, Queensland 4102 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,","place":["Malaysia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8606-6825","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tomaz","family":"Kocjan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, University Medical Centre Ljubljana , 1000 Ljubljana ,","place":["Slovenia"]},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana , 1000 Ljubljana ,","place":["Slovenia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6930-7073","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mirko","family":"Parasiliti-Caprino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin , 10124 Turin 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