{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,7]],"date-time":"2026-11-07T11:03:35Z","timestamp":1794049415577,"version":"4.8.0"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,19]],"date-time":"2025-11-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1763510400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005744","name":"Foundation for Pediatric Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005744","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004092","name":"Kuopio University Hospital","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004092","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,26]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Accurate assessment of steroid hormones is essential for understanding sexual development and metabolic health. Blood-based steroid assays are informative but invasive and reflect only short-term fluctuations. We compared serum and hair steroid hormone profiles in adolescents and examined their associations with body size and composition, with attention to sex-specific patterns.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Design<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Cross-sectional analyses in a population-based sample of adolescents attending the 8-year follow-up examinations of the PANIC study in the city of Kuopio, Finland.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The analyses included 241 late- or post-pubertal adolescents aged 15 to 16 years (103 girls, 137 boys). The participants underwent detailed clinical assessments, including anthropometry and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Paired serum and scalp hair samples were collected and analyzed using liquid chromatography\u2013mass spectrometry to quantify progestagens, androgens, 11-oxy androgens, mineralocorticoids, and glucocorticoids.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A broad spectrum of steroids was reliably detected in both serum and hair. Hair samples revealed distinct profiles characterized by pronounced accumulation of pregnenolone and measurable levels of cortisone, cortisol, dehydroepiandrosterone, androstenedione, androstanedione, 11\u03b2-hydroxyandrostenedione, 11-ketoandrostenedione, testosterone, and dihydrotestosterone, indicating active peripheral metabolism. Importantly, androgen levels in both serum and hair correlated more strongly with body size and composition in boys than in girls, suggesting sex-specific regulation of metabolic processes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Hair steroid profiling represents a feasible, non-invasive alternative to serum analysis, capturing both systemic hormone levels and localized metabolic activity. This approach shows considerable promise for clinical endocrinology; however, further validation across developmental stages and diverse disease contexts is necessary before it can be adopted into clinical practice.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Clinical trials registration<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The PANIC study has been registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov (No. NCT01803776).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/ejendo\/lvaf235","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,17]],"date-time":"2025-11-17T12:26:13Z","timestamp":1763382373000},"page":"640-650","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Serum and hair steroid profiles and their associations with body composition in adolescence"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"193","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6076-1512","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jani","family":"Liimatta","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Kuopio Pediatric Research Unit (KuPRU), University of Eastern Finland , 70029 Kuopio ,","place":["Finland"]},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Kuopio University Hospital , 70210 Kuopio ,","place":["Finland"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Johanna","family":"Huotari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland , 70211 Kuopio ,","place":["Finland"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Therina","family":"du Toit","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Endocrinology, Diabetology, and Metabolism, University Hospital Inselspital , 3010 Bern ,","place":["Switzerland"]},{"name":"Department of BioMedical Research (DBMR), University of Bern , 3008 Bern ,","place":["Switzerland"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4568-5504","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christa E","family":"Fl\u00fcck","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Endocrinology, Diabetology, and Metabolism, University Hospital Inselspital , 3010 Bern ,","place":["Switzerland"]},{"name":"Department of BioMedical Research (DBMR), University of Bern , 3008 Bern ,","place":["Switzerland"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jarmo","family":"J\u00e4\u00e4skel\u00e4inen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kuopio Pediatric Research Unit (KuPRU), University of Eastern Finland , 70029 Kuopio ,","place":["Finland"]},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Kuopio University Hospital , 70210 Kuopio ,","place":["Finland"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anthony C","family":"Hackney","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Exercise and Sport Science, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , 27599 Chapel Hill, NC ,","place":["United States"]},{"name":"Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , 27599 Chapel Hill, NC ,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Merja R","family":"H\u00e4kkinen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland , 70211 Kuopio ,","place":["Finland"]},{"name":"Department of Public Health, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare (THL) , 70701 Kuopio ,","place":["Finland"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marko","family":"Lehtonen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland , 70211 Kuopio ,","place":["Finland"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Seppo","family":"Auriola","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland , 70211 Kuopio ,","place":["Finland"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Timo A","family":"Lakka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Biomedicine, School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland , 70211 Kuopio ,","place":["Finland"]},{"name":"Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Kuopio University Hospital , 70210 Kuopio ,","place":["Finland"]},{"name":"Foundation for Research in Health, Exercise and Nutrition, Research Institute of Exercise Medicine , 70211 Kuopio ,","place":["Finland"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Raimo","family":"Voutilainen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kuopio Pediatric Research Unit (KuPRU), University of Eastern Finland , 70029 Kuopio ,","place":["Finland"]},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Kuopio University Hospital , 70210 Kuopio ,","place":["Finland"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,19]]},"reference":[{"issue":"6","key":"2025112813061737700_lvaf235-B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"783","DOI":"10.1210\/endrev\/bnab009","article-title":"Normal and premature adrenarche","volume":"42","author":"Rosenfield","year":"2021","journal-title":"Endocr Rev"},{"key":"2025112813061737700_lvaf235-B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"226","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2014.06.004","article-title":"Premature adrenarche: etiology, clinical findings, and consequences","volume":"145","author":"Voutilainen","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol"},{"issue":"6","key":"2025112813061737700_lvaf235-B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1403","DOI":"10.1210\/clinem\/dgae008","article-title":"Update on adrenarche\u2014still a mystery","volume":"109","author":"Augsburger","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"4","key":"2025112813061737700_lvaf235-B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"551","DOI":"10.1097\/MOP.0000000000000386","article-title":"Control of the onset of puberty","volume":"28","author":"Livadas","year":"2016","journal-title":"Curr Opin Pediatr"},{"key":"2025112813061737700_lvaf235-B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"119852","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cca.2024.119852","article-title":"Sex- and age-specific reference intervals of 16 steroid metabolites quantified simultaneously by LC-MS\/MS in sera from 2458 healthy subjects aged 0 to 77 years","volume":"562","author":"Frederiksen","year":"2024","journal-title":"Clin Chim Acta"},{"key":"2025112813061737700_lvaf235-B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105797","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2020.105797","article-title":"From a single steroid to the steroidome: trends and analytical challenges","volume":"206","author":"Olesti","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol"},{"key":"2025112813061737700_lvaf235-B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"92","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2015.12.022","article-title":"LC-MS based analysis of endogenous steroid hormones in human hair","volume":"162","author":"Gao","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol"},{"key":"2025112813061737700_lvaf235-B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"106357","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2023.106357","article-title":"Comparative steroid profiling of newborn hair and umbilical cord serum highlights the role of fetal adrenals, placenta, and pregnancy outcomes in fetal steroid metabolism","volume":"232","author":"Koskivuori","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol"},{"issue":"1-3","key":"2025112813061737700_lvaf235-B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2011.10.024","article-title":"Society of Hair Testing guidelines for drug testing in hair","volume":"218","author":"Cooper","year":"2012","journal-title":"Forensic Sci Int"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025112813061737700_lvaf235-B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1002\/dev.21433","article-title":"Cortisol during human fetal life: characterization of a method for processing small quantities of newborn hair from 26 to 42 weeks gestation","volume":"59","author":"Hoffman","year":"2017","journal-title":"Dev Psychobiol"},{"issue":"8","key":"2025112813061737700_lvaf235-B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"692","DOI":"10.1530\/EC-17-0179","article-title":"Interpretation of glucocorticoids in neonatal hair: a reflection of intrauterine glucocorticoid regulation?","volume":"6","author":"Hollanders","year":"2017","journal-title":"Endocr Connect"},{"key":"2025112813061737700_lvaf235-B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"104539","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2019.104539","article-title":"LC-MS\/MS-based reference intervals for hair cortisol in healthy children","volume":"112","author":"de Kruijff","year":"2020","journal-title":"Psychoneuroendocrinology"},{"key":"2025112813061737700_lvaf235-B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100024","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cpnec.2020.100024","article-title":"Within-person changes of cortisol, dehydroepiandrosterone, testosterone, estradiol, and progesterone in hair across pregnancy, with comparison to a non-pregnant reference group","volume":"5","author":"Marceau","year":"2021","journal-title":"Compr Psychoneuroendocrinol"},{"key":"2025112813061737700_lvaf235-B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"104904","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2020.104904","article-title":"A systematic review of hair cortisol during pregnancy: reference ranges and methodological considerations","volume":"122","author":"Marceau","year":"2020","journal-title":"Psychoneuroendocrinology"},{"key":"2025112813061737700_lvaf235-B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1448013","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2024.1448013","article-title":"Glucocorticoids and mineralocorticoids in hair: facilitating accurate diagnosis of adrenal-related endocrine disorders","volume":"15","author":"Heyns","year":"2024","journal-title":"Front Endocrinol (Lausanne)"},{"key":"2025112813061737700_lvaf235-B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"642","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2018.11.035","article-title":"Simultaneous analysis by LC-MS\/MS of 22 ketosteroids with hydroxylamine derivatization and underivatized estradiol from human plasma, serum and prostate tissue","volume":"164","author":"H\u00e4kkinen","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Pharm Biomed Anal"},{"key":"2025112813061737700_lvaf235-B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"114768","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2022.114768","article-title":"A quantitative ultra-performance liquid chromatography high-resolution mass spectrometry analysis of steroids from human scalp hair","volume":"215","author":"Koskivuori","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Pharm Biomed Anal"},{"issue":"11","key":"2025112813061737700_lvaf235-B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2270","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125-020-05250-0","article-title":"A 2 year physical activity and dietary intervention attenuates the increase in insulin resistance in a general population of children: the PANIC study","volume":"63","author":"Lakka","year":"2020","journal-title":"Diabetologia"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025112813061737700_lvaf235-B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"425","DOI":"10.1007\/s00394-020-02260-x","article-title":"The effects of a 2-year physical activity and dietary intervention on plasma lipid concentrations in children: the PANIC study","volume":"60","author":"Eloranta","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eur J Nutr"},{"issue":"12","key":"2025112813061737700_lvaf235-B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1603","DOI":"10.1210\/clinem\/dgad367","article-title":"Effects of 2-year physical activity and dietary intervention on adrenarchal and pubertal development: the PANIC study","volume":"108","author":"Liimatta","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"2025112813061737700_lvaf235-B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e40","DOI":"10.1017\/jns.2022.13","article-title":"The effects of an 8-year individualised lifestyle intervention on food consumption and nutrient intake from childhood to adolescence: the PANIC study","volume":"11","author":"Sallinen","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Nutr Sci"},{"issue":"3","key":"2025112813061737700_lvaf235-B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.3109\/07853890.2010.515603","article-title":"New Finnish growth references for children and adolescents aged 0 to 20 years: length\/height-for-age, weight-for-length\/height, and body mass index-for-age","volume":"43","author":"Saari","year":"2011","journal-title":"Ann Med"},{"issue":"239","key":"2025112813061737700_lvaf235-B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.45.239.13","article-title":"Variations in the pattern of pubertal changes in boys","volume":"45","author":"Marshall","year":"1970","journal-title":"Arch Dis Child"},{"issue":"235","key":"2025112813061737700_lvaf235-B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.44.235.291","article-title":"Variations in pattern of pubertal changes in girls","volume":"44","author":"Marshall","year":"1969","journal-title":"Arch Dis Child"},{"key":"2025112813061737700_lvaf235-B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2017.09.003","article-title":"The art of measuring steroids: principles and practice of current hormonal steroid analysis","volume":"179","author":"Wudy","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol"},{"key":"2025112813061737700_lvaf235-B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chroma.2016.07.087","article-title":"Liquid chromatography quadrupole linear ion trap mass spectrometry for quantitative steroid hormone analysis in plasma, urine, saliva and hair","volume":"1464","author":"Gaudl","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Chromatogr A"},{"key":"2025112813061737700_lvaf235-B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"106649","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2024.106649","article-title":"The determination of endogenous steroids in hair and fur: a systematic review of methodologies","volume":"246","author":"Maher","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol"},{"issue":"4","key":"2025112813061737700_lvaf235-B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101665","DOI":"10.1016\/j.beem.2022.101665","article-title":"Basics of androgen synthesis and action","volume":"36","author":"Naamneh Elzenaty","year":"2022","journal-title":"Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"12","key":"2025112813061737700_lvaf235-B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4585","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2016-2864","article-title":"Age-dependent increases in adrenal cytochrome b5 and serum 5-androstenediol-3-sulfate","volume":"101","author":"Rege","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"6","key":"2025112813061737700_lvaf235-B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1491","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem.75.6.1334496","article-title":"Normative data for the steroidogenic response of mineralocorticoids and their precursors to adrenocorticotropin in a healthy pediatric population","volume":"75","author":"Lashansky","year":"1992","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"21","key":"2025112813061737700_lvaf235-B31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4178","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1432-1033.2004.04356.x","article-title":"A novel pathway for sequential transformation of 7-dehydrocholesterol and expression of the P450scc system in mammalian skin","volume":"271","author":"Slominski","year":"2004","journal-title":"Eur J Biochem"},{"issue":"3","key":"2025112813061737700_lvaf235-B32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"288","DOI":"10.1093\/ejendo\/lvae104","article-title":"Decoding 11-oxygenated androgen synthesis: insights from enzyme gene expression and LC-MS\/MS quantification","volume":"191","author":"Zheng","year":"2024","journal-title":"Eur J Endocrinol"},{"issue":"8","key":"2025112813061737700_lvaf235-B33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105035","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbc.2023.105035","article-title":"Mitochondrial cytochrome P450 1B1 is involved in pregnenolone synthesis in human brain cells","volume":"299","author":"Lin","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"2025112813061737700_lvaf235-B34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1159\/000540433","article-title":"Obesity is associated with increased 11-oxyandrogen serum concentrations during puberty","volume":"22","author":"Wagner","year":"2024","journal-title":"Horm Res Paediatr"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025112813061737700_lvaf235-B35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1111\/cen.14754","article-title":"Measuring steroids in hair opens up possibilities to identify congenital adrenal hyperplasia in developing countries","volume":"98","author":"Waaijers","year":"2023","journal-title":"Clin Endocrinol (Oxf)"},{"issue":"11-12","key":"2025112813061737700_lvaf235-B36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"938","DOI":"10.1159\/000504672","article-title":"Steroid 17-hydroxyprogesterone in hair is a potential long-term biomarker of androgen control in congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency","volume":"110","author":"Auer","year":"2020","journal-title":"Neuroendocrinology"},{"issue":"6","key":"2025112813061737700_lvaf235-B37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"539","DOI":"10.5603\/EP.a2020.0058","article-title":"Correlation analysis of cortisol concentration in hair versus concentrations in serum, saliva, and urine","volume":"71","author":"Cieszynski","year":"2020","journal-title":"Endokrynol Pol"},{"key":"2025112813061737700_lvaf235-B38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"182","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2016.12.016","article-title":"Hair dyeing, hair washing and hair cortisol concentrations among women from the healthy start study","volume":"77","author":"Kristensen","year":"2017","journal-title":"Psychoneuroendocrinology"},{"issue":"5-6","key":"2025112813061737700_lvaf235-B39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.1159\/000455867","article-title":"Hair cortisol concentrations are associated with hair growth rate","volume":"23","author":"Xiang","year":"2016","journal-title":"Neuroimmunomodulation"},{"issue":"4","key":"2025112813061737700_lvaf235-B40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E252","DOI":"10.25011\/cim.v37i4.21731","article-title":"Chemical processing and shampooing impact cortisol measured in human hair","volume":"37","author":"Hoffman","year":"2014","journal-title":"Clin Invest Med"},{"issue":"3-4","key":"2025112813061737700_lvaf235-B41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"382","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cca.2010.10.019","article-title":"Effects of shampoo and water washing on hair cortisol concentrations","volume":"412","author":"Hamel","year":"2010","journal-title":"Clin Chim Acta"}],"container-title":["European Journal of Endocrinology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ejendo\/advance-article-pdf\/doi\/10.1093\/ejendo\/lvaf235\/65396941\/lvaf235.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ejendo\/article-pdf\/193\/6\/640\/65396941\/lvaf235.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ejendo\/article-pdf\/193\/6\/640\/65396941\/lvaf235.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,28]],"date-time":"2025-11-28T18:06:21Z","timestamp":1764353181000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ejendo\/article\/193\/6\/640\/8328282"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,19]]},"references-count":41,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,26]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/ejendo\/lvaf235","relation":{},"ISSN":["0804-4643","1479-683X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0804-4643","type":"print"},{"value":"1479-683X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,19]]}}}