{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,19]],"date-time":"2026-02-19T12:53:51Z","timestamp":1771505631285,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,25]],"date-time":"2025-11-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764028800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100004319","name":"Pfizer","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100004319","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004191","name":"Novo Nordisk","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004191","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100020604","name":"Novartis","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100020604","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100014382","name":"IPSEN","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100014382","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,26]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Growth hormone (GH) potently stimulates collagen turnover which underlies its anabolic effects on bone in children, whereas it may promote fibrosis in adults. Fibroblast activation protein-\u03b1 (FAP\u03b1) is a serine protease which substrates include collagen and fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21). FAP\u03b1 levels are reversibly elevated in active acromegaly.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To measure circulating FAP\u03b1 activity and levels, as well as FAP\u03b1 substrates, in adult patients with GH-deficiency (GHD) before and after GH replacement therapy.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>FAP\u03b1 activity and levels were analyzed in serum samples from two groups of GHD patients before and after 3-6 months GH replacement therapy as compared to non-GHD hypopituitary patients and a healthy reference group. Furthermore, collagen turnover biomarkers (PINP, PIIINP, CTx) and intact FGF21 were analyzed.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>FAP\u03b1 activity (RFU\/min) significantly increased after GH replacement in both GHD groups [290.6 \u00b1 47.8 (before) vs. 428.5 \u00b1 66.4 (after) P &amp;lt; .05; 291.0 \u00b1 37.4 (before) vs. 403.0 \u00b1 52.9 (after); P &amp;lt; .05]. Likewise, FAP\u03b1 levels significantly increased by 40% after GH replacement in both groups (P &amp;lt; .01) and correlated closely with FAP\u03b1 activity. PINP, PIIINP and CTx significantly increased after 3 months of GH replacement. Intact FGF21 remained unchanged.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>(1) Our study documents for the first time that GH stimulates FAP\u03b1 activity in vivo in human subjects. (2) The concomitant increase in collagen turnover and the lack of change in intact FGF21 suggest that GH-driven FAP\u03b1 activity predominantly involves collagen breakdown, and (3) FAP\u03b1 is a novel biomarker of GH\/IGF-I activity and may be causally linked to GH-induced fibrosis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/ejendo\/lvaf244","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,22]],"date-time":"2025-11-22T13:00:19Z","timestamp":1763816419000},"page":"659-666","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["GH replacement therapy in adults stimulates fibroblast activation protein-\u03b1 activity"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"193","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-1500-5466","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Amanda","family":"B\u00e6k","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University , Aarhus 8200 ,","place":["Denmark"]},{"name":"Steno Diabetes Center Aarhus, Aarhus University Hospital , Aarhus 8200 ,","place":["Denmark"]},{"name":"Medical Research Laboratory, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University , Aarhus 8200 ,","place":["Denmark"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anne Kathrine Nissen","family":"Pedersen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Steno Diabetes Center Aarhus, Aarhus University Hospital , Aarhus 8200 ,","place":["Denmark"]},{"name":"Medical Research Laboratory, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University , Aarhus 8200 ,","place":["Denmark"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tine Borum","family":"Billeskov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University , Aarhus 8200 ,","place":["Denmark"]},{"name":"Steno Diabetes Center Aarhus, Aarhus University Hospital , Aarhus 8200 ,","place":["Denmark"]},{"name":"Medical Research Laboratory, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University , Aarhus 8200 ,","place":["Denmark"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ole Lindg\u00e5rd","family":"Dollerup","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Steno Diabetes Center Aarhus, Aarhus University Hospital , Aarhus 8200 ,","place":["Denmark"]},{"name":"Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital , Aarhus 8200 ,","place":["Denmark"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mai Christiansen","family":"Arlien-S\u00f8borg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University , Aarhus 8200 ,","place":["Denmark"]},{"name":"Medical Research Laboratory, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University , Aarhus 8200 ,","place":["Denmark"]},{"name":"Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital , Aarhus 8200 ,","place":["Denmark"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5613-7274","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Niels","family":"Jessen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Steno Diabetes Center Aarhus, Aarhus University Hospital , Aarhus 8200 ,","place":["Denmark"]},{"name":"Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University , Aarhus 8200 ,","place":["Denmark"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5511-8829","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mette","family":"Bjerre","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Steno Diabetes Center Aarhus, Aarhus University Hospital , Aarhus 8200 ,","place":["Denmark"]},{"name":"Medical Research Laboratory, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University , Aarhus 8200 ,","place":["Denmark"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7408-1526","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jens Otto Lunde","family":"J\u00f8rgensen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University , Aarhus 8200 ,","place":["Denmark"]},{"name":"Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital , Aarhus 8200 ,","place":["Denmark"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,25]]},"reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"2025120310013301700_lvaf244-B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"783","DOI":"10.1007\/s10555-020-09909-3","article-title":"The role of fibroblast activation protein in health and malignancy","volume":"39","author":"Fitzgerald","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cancer Metastasis Rev."},{"issue":"51","key":"2025120310013301700_lvaf244-B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"36505","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.274.51.36505","article-title":"Fibroblast activation protein, a dual specificity serine protease expressed in reactive human tumor stromal fibroblasts","volume":"274","author":"Park","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Biol Chem."},{"issue":"9","key":"2025120310013301700_lvaf244-B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1130","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbapap.2008.01.006","article-title":"Seprase: an overview of an important matrix serine protease","volume":"1784","author":"O'Brien","year":"2008","journal-title":"Biochim Biophys Acta."},{"issue":"2","key":"2025120310013301700_lvaf244-B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"274","DOI":"10.1006\/prep.2001.1572","article-title":"Expression, purification, and kinetic characterization of full-length human fibroblast activation protein","volume":"24","author":"Sun","year":"2002","journal-title":"Protein Expr Purif"},{"issue":"4","key":"2025120310013301700_lvaf244-B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1397","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2005-08-3452","article-title":"Antiplasmin-cleaving enzyme is a soluble form of fibroblast activation protein","volume":"107","author":"Lee","year":"2006","journal-title":"Blood"},{"issue":"6","key":"2025120310013301700_lvaf244-B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"R171","DOI":"10.1186\/ar2080","article-title":"Fibroblast activation protein is expressed by rheumatoid myofibroblast-like synoviocytes","volume":"8","author":"Bauer","year":"2006","journal-title":"Arthritis Res Ther"},{"issue":"21","key":"2025120310013301700_lvaf244-B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2713","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehq519","article-title":"Fibroblast activation protein is induced by inflammation and degrades type I collagen in thin-cap fibroatheromata","volume":"32","author":"Brokopp","year":"2011","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"issue":"6","key":"2025120310013301700_lvaf244-B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1768","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.510290631","article-title":"Fibroblast activation protein: a cell surface dipeptidyl peptidase and gelatinase expressed by stellate cells at the tissue remodelling interface in human cirrhosis","volume":"29","author":"Levy","year":"1999","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"issue":"2","key":"2025120310013301700_lvaf244-B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0676.2002.01503.x","article-title":"Intrahepatic expression of the hepatic stellate cell marker fibroblast activation protein correlates with the degree of fibrosis in hepatitis C virus infection","volume":"22","author":"Levy","year":"2002","journal-title":"Liver"},{"issue":"3","key":"2025120310013301700_lvaf244-B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"352","DOI":"10.1016\/j.humpath.2005.11.020","article-title":"Fibroblast activation protein: a serine protease expressed at the remodeling interface in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis","volume":"37","author":"Acharya","year":"2006","journal-title":"Hum Pathol"},{"issue":"7774","key":"2025120310013301700_lvaf244-B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"430","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-019-1546-z","article-title":"Targeting cardiac fibrosis with engineered T cells","volume":"573","author":"Aghajanian","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025120310013301700_lvaf244-B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"dgz033","DOI":"10.1210\/clinem\/dgz033","article-title":"Fibroblast activation protein is a GH target: a prospective study of patients with acromegaly before and after treatment","volume":"105","author":"Arlien-Soborg","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab."},{"issue":"1","key":"2025120310013301700_lvaf244-B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1074\/mcp.RA118.001046","article-title":"Identification of novel natural substrates of fibroblast activation protein-alpha by differential degradomics and proteomics","volume":"18","author":"Zhang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Mol Cell Proteomics"},{"issue":"2","key":"2025120310013301700_lvaf244-B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1016\/j.abb.2006.11.006","article-title":"Effect of fibroblast activation protein and alpha2-antiplasmin cleaving enzyme on collagen types I, III, and IV","volume":"457","author":"Christiansen","year":"2007","journal-title":"Arch Biochem Biophys."},{"issue":"3","key":"2025120310013301700_lvaf244-B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1076","DOI":"10.1021\/bi701921b","article-title":"Fibroblast activation protein peptide substrates identified from human collagen I derived gelatin cleavage sites","volume":"47","author":"Aggarwal","year":"2008","journal-title":"Biochemistry"},{"issue":"11","key":"2025120310013301700_lvaf244-B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5986","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M115.710582","article-title":"Fibroblast activation protein cleaves and inactivates fibroblast growth factor 21","volume":"291","author":"Dunshee","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Biol Chem."},{"issue":"5","key":"2025120310013301700_lvaf244-B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"605","DOI":"10.1042\/BJ20151085","article-title":"Circulating FGF21 proteolytic processing mediated by fibroblast activation protein","volume":"473","author":"Zhen","year":"2016","journal-title":"Biochem J."},{"issue":"3","key":"2025120310013301700_lvaf244-B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0151269","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0151269","article-title":"Human FGF-21 is a substrate of fibroblast activation protein","volume":"11","author":"Coppage","year":"2016","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"2","key":"2025120310013301700_lvaf244-B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"246","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2019.01.004","article-title":"A dozen years of discovery: insights into the physiology and pharmacology of FGF21","volume":"29","author":"Kliewer","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cell Metab."},{"issue":"3","key":"2025120310013301700_lvaf244-B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1038\/s42255-021-00354-2","article-title":"Metabolic messengers: FGF21","volume":"3","author":"Flippo","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat Metab"},{"issue":"11","key":"2025120310013301700_lvaf244-B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"654","DOI":"10.1038\/s41574-020-0386-0","article-title":"The therapeutic potential of FGF21 in metabolic diseases: from bench to clinic","volume":"16","author":"Geng","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat Rev Endocrinol."},{"issue":"8","key":"2025120310013301700_lvaf244-B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"491","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tem.2019.05.007","article-title":"Going back to the biology of FGF21: new insights","volume":"30","author":"Lewis","year":"2019","journal-title":"Trends Endocrinol Metab."},{"issue":"2","key":"2025120310013301700_lvaf244-B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"152","DOI":"10.1210\/er.2008-0027","article-title":"Effects of growth hormone on glucose, lipid, and protein metabolism in human subjects","volume":"30","author":"Moller","year":"2009","journal-title":"Endocr Rev."},{"issue":"4","key":"2025120310013301700_lvaf244-B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1505","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem.85.4.6551","article-title":"Growth hormone (GH) effects on bone and collagen turnover in healthy adults and its potential as a marker of GH abuse in sports: a double blind, placebo-controlled study. The GH-2000 Study Group","volume":"85","author":"Longobardi","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab."},{"issue":"2","key":"2025120310013301700_lvaf244-B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.2009.179325","article-title":"Growth hormone stimulates the collagen synthesis in human tendon and skeletal muscle without affecting myofibrillar protein synthesis","volume":"588","author":"Doessing","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Physiol."},{"issue":"6","key":"2025120310013301700_lvaf244-B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"853","DOI":"10.1530\/EJE-10-0818","article-title":"GH and IGF1 levels are positively associated with musculotendinous collagen expression: experiments in acromegalic and GH deficiency patients","volume":"163","author":"Doessing","year":"2010","journal-title":"Eur J Endocrinol."},{"issue":"2","key":"2025120310013301700_lvaf244-B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e552","DOI":"10.1210\/clinem\/dgad583","article-title":"Metformin improves the prerequisites for FGF21 signaling in patients with type 2 diabetes","volume":"109","author":"Pedersen","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab."},{"issue":"4","key":"2025120310013301700_lvaf244-B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"555","DOI":"10.1373\/clinchem.2010.150631","article-title":"Consensus statement on the standardization and evaluation of growth hormone and insulin-like growth factor assays","volume":"57","author":"Clemmons","year":"2011","journal-title":"Clin Chem"},{"issue":"5","key":"2025120310013301700_lvaf244-B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"bqad038","DOI":"10.1210\/endocr\/bqad038","article-title":"Increased fibrosis in white adipose tissue of male and female bGH transgenic mice appears independent of TGF-\u03b2 action","volume":"164","author":"Bell","year":"2023","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"issue":"3","key":"2025120310013301700_lvaf244-B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"383","DOI":"10.1002\/(sici)1097-0215(19970502)71:3&lt;383::aid-ijc14&gt;3.0.co;2-h","article-title":"Mouse fibroblast activation protein: molecular cloning, alternative splicing and expression in the reactive stroma of epithelial cancers","volume":"71","author":"Niedermeyer","year":"1997","journal-title":"Int J Cancer"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025120310013301700_lvaf244-B31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fob.2013.12.001","article-title":"Quantitation of fibroblast activation protein (FAP)-specific protease activity in mouse, baboon and human fluids and organs","volume":"4","author":"Keane","year":"2013","journal-title":"FEBS Open Bio"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025120310013301700_lvaf244-B32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12524","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-12900-8","article-title":"Selective homogeneous assay for circulating endopeptidase Fibroblast Activation Protein (FAP)","volume":"7","author":"Bainbridge","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025120310013301700_lvaf244-B33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"124","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem.85.1.6262","article-title":"Responses of markers of bone and collagen turnover to exercise, growth hormone (GH) administration, and GH withdrawal in trained adult males","volume":"85","author":"Wallace","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab."},{"issue":"4","key":"2025120310013301700_lvaf244-B34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"916","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem-70-4-916","article-title":"Effects of growth hormone (GH) on plasma bone Gla protein in GH-deficient adults","volume":"70","author":"Johansen","year":"1990","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab."},{"issue":"7","key":"2025120310013301700_lvaf244-B35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2416","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2016-3693","article-title":"Calcium and bone turnover markers in acromegaly: a prospective, controlled study","volume":"102","author":"Constantin","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab."},{"issue":"6","key":"2025120310013301700_lvaf244-B36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2969","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2010-0008","article-title":"Serum insulin-like growth factor-I and pro-collagen type III N-terminal peptide in adolescent elite athletes: implications for the detection of growth hormone abuse in sport","volume":"95","author":"Guha","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab."},{"issue":"6","key":"2025120310013301700_lvaf244-B37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"609","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.5650050610","article-title":"A short course of recombinant human growth hormone treatment stimulates osteoblasts and activates bone remodeling in normal human volunteers","volume":"5","author":"Brixen","year":"1990","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res."},{"issue":"3","key":"2025120310013301700_lvaf244-B38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1111\/joim.12112","article-title":"Influence of growth hormone on circulating fibroblast growth factor 21 levels in humans","volume":"274","author":"Lundberg","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Intern Med."},{"issue":"5","key":"2025120310013301700_lvaf244-B39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1314","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2016-1917","article-title":"A novel Fc-FGF21 with improved resistance to proteolysis, increased affinity toward \u03b2-Klotho, and enhanced efficacy in mice and cynomolgus monkeys","volume":"158","author":"Stanislaus","year":"2017","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025120310013301700_lvaf244-B40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1016\/j.febslet.2008.11.023","article-title":"FGF21 N- and C-termini play different roles in receptor interaction and activation","volume":"583","author":"Yie","year":"2009","journal-title":"FEBS Lett"},{"issue":"5","key":"2025120310013301700_lvaf244-B41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"468","DOI":"10.1210\/er.2017-00016","article-title":"Fibroblast growth factor 21-metabolic role in mice and men","volume":"38","author":"Staiger","year":"2017","journal-title":"Endocr Rev."},{"issue":"2","key":"2025120310013301700_lvaf244-B42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2008.06.014","article-title":"The circulating metabolic regulator FGF21 is induced by prolonged fasting and PPARalpha activation in man","volume":"8","author":"G\u00e4lman","year":"2008","journal-title":"Cell Metab."},{"issue":"4","key":"2025120310013301700_lvaf244-B43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"514","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2265.2011.04084.x","article-title":"Plasma FGF21 displays a circadian rhythm during a 72-h fast in healthy female volunteers","volume":"75","author":"Andersen","year":"2011","journal-title":"Clin Endocrinol (Oxf)."},{"issue":"11","key":"2025120310013301700_lvaf244-B44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"752","DOI":"10.1055\/a-0879-2968","article-title":"Circulating FGF21 levels in human health and metabolic disease","volume":"128","author":"Keuper","year":"2020","journal-title":"Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes"},{"issue":"5","key":"2025120310013301700_lvaf244-B45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e12822","DOI":"10.1111\/acel.12822","article-title":"Aging is associated with increased FGF21 levels but unaltered FGF21 responsiveness in adipose tissue","volume":"17","author":"Villarroya","year":"2018","journal-title":"Aging Cell"},{"issue":"12","key":"2025120310013301700_lvaf244-B46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1718","DOI":"10.3390\/biom13121718","article-title":"Fibroblast Activation Protein Alpha (FAP\u03b1) in fibrosis: beyond a perspective marker for activated stromal cells?","volume":"13","author":"Basalova","year":"2023","journal-title":"Biomolecules"},{"issue":"3","key":"2025120310013301700_lvaf244-B47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1089","DOI":"10.1128\/MCB.20.3.1089-1094.2000","article-title":"Targeted disruption of mouse fibroblast activation protein","volume":"20","author":"Niedermeyer","year":"2000","journal-title":"Mol Cell Biol."},{"key":"2025120310013301700_lvaf244-B48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"194","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yjmcc.2015.08.016","article-title":"Fibroblast activation protein alpha expression identifies activated fibroblasts after myocardial infarction","volume":"87","author":"Tillmanns","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Mol Cell Cardiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025120310013301700_lvaf244-B49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"R23","DOI":"10.1186\/ar1877","article-title":"Fibroblast activation protein alpha is expressed by chondrocytes following a pro-inflammatory stimulus and is elevated in osteoarthritis","volume":"8","author":"Milner","year":"2006","journal-title":"Arthritis Res Ther"},{"issue":"9","key":"2025120310013301700_lvaf244-B50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3110","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.85.9.3110","article-title":"Cell-surface glycoproteins of human sarcomas: differential expression in normal and malignant tissues and cultured cells","volume":"85","author":"Rettig","year":"1988","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A."},{"issue":"4","key":"2025120310013301700_lvaf244-B51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"422","DOI":"10.1007\/s13679-014-0124-9","article-title":"Low-grade inflammation, obesity, and diabetes","volume":"3","author":"Pereira","year":"2014","journal-title":"Curr Obes Rep"},{"issue":"7760","key":"2025120310013301700_lvaf244-B52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"246","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-019-1263-7","article-title":"Distinct fibroblast subsets drive inflammation and damage in arthritis","volume":"570","author":"Croft","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nature"}],"container-title":["European Journal of Endocrinology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ejendo\/advance-article-pdf\/doi\/10.1093\/ejendo\/lvaf244\/65500311\/lvaf244.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ejendo\/advance-article-pdf\/doi\/10.1093\/ejendo\/lvaf244\/65500311\/lvaf244.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ejendo\/advance-article-pdf\/doi\/10.1093\/ejendo\/lvaf244\/65500311\/lvaf244.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,3]],"date-time":"2025-12-03T15:01:39Z","timestamp":1764774099000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ejendo\/article\/193\/6\/659\/8342419"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,25]]},"references-count":52,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,26]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/ejendo\/lvaf244","relation":{},"ISSN":["0804-4643","1479-683X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0804-4643","type":"print"},{"value":"1479-683X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,25]]}}}