{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,21]],"date-time":"2026-04-21T02:35:49Z","timestamp":1776738949311,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":187,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,16]],"date-time":"2026-04-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1776297600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":15,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012264","name":"NIH","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["T32NS0764"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["T32NS0764"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012264","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012264","name":"NIH","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["T32DA007281"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["T32DA007281"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012264","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012264","name":"NIH","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["F31DA060557"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["F31DA060557"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012264","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012264","name":"NIH","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["T32DK007245"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["T32DK007245"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012264","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012264","name":"NIH","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["T32HL007749"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["T32HL007749"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012264","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012264","name":"NIH","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R35GM154671"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R35GM154671"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012264","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012264","name":"NIH","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CX002430"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CX002430"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012264","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Glucocorticoid withdrawal syndrome (GWS) is a frequent and clinically significant consequence of reducing chronic endogenous or exogenous glucocorticoid exposure. The syndrome presents with a range of symptoms involving musculoskeletal, gastrointestinal, neuropsychiatric, cardiovascular, and metabolic domains, which can closely resemble adrenal insufficiency or recurrence of an underlying autoimmune\/inflammatory disease. As a result, the true prevalence, history, and clinical burden of GWS remain poorly defined, and recognition varies widely across clinical settings. The lack of treatment options for GWS contributes to detrimental exogenous glucocorticoid exposure in patients with rheumatologic, oncologic, and endocrine diseases.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>The underlying biological mechanisms of GWS remain incompletely understood, which represents a major barrier to the recognition and treatment of this syndrome. This review synthesizes current evidence on the epidemiology, clinical manifestations, and management challenges of GWS. We integrate mechanistic insights from studies of chronic glucocorticoid excess, postoperative recovery of Cushing syndrome, and experimental models of glucocorticoid excess and deficiency. Glucocorticoid excess leads to central and peripheral adaptations involving the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, glucocorticoid receptor signaling, circadian rhythms, immune and inflammatory pathways, metabolic and autonomic regulation, and glucocorticoid-sensitive neural circuits. We propose that GWS arises due to the confluence of these persisting adaptations with relative glucocorticoid deficiency and tissue- or cell-specific adaptations and recovery timelines.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Thus, we provide a mechanistic framework for understanding the diverse manifestations of GWS and highlight key gaps that need to be addressed to improve mechanistic understanding, diagnosis, and clinical management.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/ejendo\/lvag062","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,14]],"date-time":"2026-04-14T11:33:35Z","timestamp":1776166415000},"page":"R67-R81","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Potential mechanisms of the glucocorticoid withdrawal syndrome"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"194","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3992-9699","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christen N","family":"Snyder","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Michigan , Ann Arbor, MI 48109 ,","place":["United States"]},{"name":"Michigan Neuroscience Institute, University of Michigan , 48109 ,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eric D","family":"Frontera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School , Ann Arbor, MI 48109 ,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jennifer","family":"Meng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Michigan Neuroscience Institute, University of Michigan , 48109 ,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1802-1427","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Beth I","family":"Wallace","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School , Ann Arbor, MI 48109 ,","place":["United States"]},{"name":"VA Ann Arbor Healthcare System , Ann Arbor, MI 48105 ,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0467-2173","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joanna L","family":"Spencer-Segal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Michigan Neuroscience Institute, University of Michigan , 48109 ,","place":["United States"]},{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School , Ann Arbor, MI 48109 ,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,16]]},"reference":[{"issue":"6","key":"2026042021361903800_lvag062-B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"975","DOI":"10.1210\/endrev\/bnad016","article-title":"Treating the Side effects of exogenous glucocorticoids; can we separate the Good from the Bad?","volume":"44","author":"Pofi","year":"2023","journal-title":"Endocr Rev."},{"issue":"11","key":"2026042021361903800_lvag062-B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1982","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/ker017","article-title":"Prevalence of long-term oral glucocorticoid prescriptions in the UK over the past 20 years","volume":"50","author":"Fardet","year":"2011","journal-title":"Rheumatology"},{"issue":"7","key":"2026042021361903800_lvag062-B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2017-015905","article-title":"Prevalence and prescription patterns of oral glucocorticoids in adults: a retrospective cross-sectional and cohort analysis in France","volume":"7","author":"B\u00e9nard-Laribi\u00e8re","year":"2017","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"issue":"7053","key":"2026042021361903800_lvag062-B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"344","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.313.7053.344","article-title":"Use of oral corticosteroids in the community and the prevention of secondary osteoporosis: a cross sectional study","volume":"313","author":"Walsh","year":"1996","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"issue":"4","key":"2026042021361903800_lvag062-B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/rmdopen-2023-003366","article-title":"Glucocorticoid trajectories over 2 years in patients with rheumatoid arthritis in a real-life setting","volume":"9","author":"Delteil","year":"2023","journal-title":"RMD Open"},{"key":"2026042021361903800_lvag062-B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2025.1551111","article-title":"Rethinking corticosteroids use in oncology","volume":"16","author":"Martinez","year":"2025","journal-title":"Front Pharmacol"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026042021361903800_lvag062-B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/lupus-2024-001428","article-title":"Real-world oral glucocorticoid use in SLE: a nation-wide population-based study using the French medico-administrative (SNDS) claim database","volume":"12","author":"Arnaud","year":"2025","journal-title":"Lupus Sci Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"2026042021361903800_lvag062-B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/lupus-2024-001317","article-title":"Treatment trends of systemic lupus erythematosus from 2007 to 2023 in the USA","volume":"11","author":"Figueroa-Parra","year":"2024","journal-title":"Lupus Sci Med"},{"issue":"9","key":"2026042021361903800_lvag062-B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm13092652","article-title":"Prevalence of the oral corticosteroid exposure and excessive use in patients with inflammatory bowel disease: data from four French referral centers of the international DICE study","volume":"13","author":"Nancey","year":"2024","journal-title":"JCM"},{"issue":"10080","key":"2026042021361903800_lvag062-B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1756","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(16)32126-2","article-title":"Ulcerative colitis","volume":"389","author":"Ungaro","year":"2017","journal-title":"The Lancet"},{"issue":"17","key":"2026042021361903800_lvag062-B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1480","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2024.2315","article-title":"Systemic lupus erythematosus: a review","volume":"331","author":"Siegel","year":"2024","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"2","key":"2026042021361903800_lvag062-B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"409","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2023.11.007","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of biologics for oral corticosteroid\u2013dependent asthma: a systematic review and network meta-analysis","volume":"12","author":"Phinyo","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract."},{"issue":"10","key":"2026042021361903800_lvag062-B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1520","DOI":"10.7326\/ANNALS-24-04111","article-title":"Antibiotic, glucocorticoid, and opioid prescribing in urgent cares: an opportunity for reducing medication overuse","volume":"178","author":"Cohen-Mekelburg","year":"2025","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026042021361903800_lvag062-B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.61.1.32","article-title":"Prevalence of long term steroid treatment and the frequency of decision making to prevent steroid induced osteoporosis in daily clinical practice","volume":"61","author":"Gudbjornsson","year":"2002","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"issue":"9461","key":"2026042021361903800_lvag062-B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"801","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)17989-6","article-title":"Optimised glucocorticoid therapy: the sharpening of an old spear","volume":"365","author":"Buttgereit","year":"2005","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"11","key":"2026042021361903800_lvag062-B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2216","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinthera.2017.09.011","article-title":"Long-term systemic corticosteroid exposure: a systematic literature review","volume":"39","author":"Rice","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin Ther."},{"issue":"4","key":"2026042021361903800_lvag062-B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"523","DOI":"10.1210\/er.2001-0014","article-title":"Endocrine withdrawal syndromes","volume":"24","author":"Hochberg","year":"2003","journal-title":"Endocr Rev."},{"issue":"3","key":"2026042021361903800_lvag062-B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"393","DOI":"10.1007\/s11102-022-01218-y","article-title":"Glucocorticoid withdrawal syndrome following treatment of endogenous Cushing syndrome","volume":"25","author":"He","year":"2022","journal-title":"Pituitary"},{"issue":"6","key":"2026042021361903800_lvag062-B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"721","DOI":"10.1111\/cen.13803","article-title":"Extensive clinical experience: hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis recovery after adrenalectomy for corticotropin-independent cortisol excess","volume":"89","author":"Hurtado","year":"2018","journal-title":"Clin Endocrinol (Oxf)."},{"issue":"1","key":"2026042021361903800_lvag062-B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1093\/ejendo\/lvad073","article-title":"Glucocorticoid withdrawal syndrome following surgical remission of endogenous hypercortisolism: a longitudinal observational study","volume":"189","author":"Zhang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Eur J Endocrinol."},{"issue":"10246","key":"2026042021361903800_lvag062-B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)30636-X","article-title":"Continuing versus tapering glucocorticoids after achievement of low disease activity or remission in rheumatoid arthritis (SEMIRA): a double-blind, multicentre, randomised controlled trial","volume":"396","author":"Burmester","year":"2020","journal-title":"The Lancet"},{"issue":"2","key":"2026042021361903800_lvag062-B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1007\/s40199-025-00565-y","article-title":"Glucocorticoid withdrawal syndrome: disproportionality analysis of cases using VigiBase data","volume":"33","author":"Mangal","year":"2025","journal-title":"DARU J Pharm Sci"},{"key":"2026042021361903800_lvag062-B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/20503121241235056","article-title":"Nationwide prevalence of glucocorticoid prescriptions over 17 years and osteoporosis prevention among long-term users","volume":"12","author":"Bjornsdottir","year":"2024","journal-title":"SAGE Open Med."},{"issue":"3","key":"2026042021361903800_lvag062-B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.1007\/s11102-014-0569-6","article-title":"Incidence of Cushing's syndrome and Cushing's disease in commercially-insured patients &lt;65 years old in the United States","volume":"18","author":"Broder","year":"2015","journal-title":"Pituitary"},{"key":"2026042021361903800_lvag062-B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1155\/2023\/5750791","article-title":"Glucocorticoid withdrawal symptoms and quality of life in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus","volume":"2023","author":"Karoonkatima","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int J Rheumatol."},{"issue":"3","key":"2026042021361903800_lvag062-B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"751","DOI":"10.1016\/S0889-8529(02)00008-7","article-title":"Glucocorticoid withdrawal schemes in chronic medical disorders: a systematic review","volume":"31","author":"Richter","year":"2002","journal-title":"Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am"},{"issue":"6","key":"2026042021361903800_lvag062-B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1054","DOI":"10.1016\/j.surg.2008.08.024","article-title":"Waiting for change: symptom resolution after adrenalectomy for Cushing's syndrome","volume":"144","author":"Sippel","year":"2008","journal-title":"Surgery"},{"issue":"12","key":"2026042021361903800_lvag062-B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e4490","DOI":"10.1210\/clinem\/dgaa625","article-title":"Persisting muscle dysfunction in Cushing's syndrome despite biochemical remission","volume":"105","author":"Vogel","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab."},{"issue":"6","key":"2026042021361903800_lvag062-B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2039","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2011-3350","article-title":"Mifepristone, a glucocorticoid receptor antagonist, produces clinical and metabolic benefits in patients with Cushing's syndrome","volume":"97","author":"Fleseriu","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab."},{"key":"2026042021361903800_lvag062-B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2021.662865","article-title":"Relacorilant, a selective glucocorticoid receptor modulator, induces clinical improvements in patients with Cushing syndrome: results from A prospective, open-label phase 2 study","volume":"12","author":"Pivonello","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Endocrinol"},{"issue":"2","key":"2026042021361903800_lvag062-B31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1530\/eje.1.01953","article-title":"Steroid withdrawal syndrome after successful treatment of Cushing's syndrome: a reminder","volume":"153","author":"Bhattacharyya","year":"2005","journal-title":"Eur J Endocrinol"},{"issue":"(04|4)","key":"2026042021361903800_lvag062-B32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e281","DOI":"10.4088\/JCP.12m08034","article-title":"Severe neuropsychiatric outcomes following discontinuation of long-term glucocorticoid therapy: a cohort study","volume":"74","author":"Fardet","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Clin Psychiatry"},{"key":"2026042021361903800_lvag062-B33","first-page":"270","volume-title":"Progress in Brain Research. Vol 32","author":"Henkin","year":"1970"},{"issue":"1-2","key":"2026042021361903800_lvag062-B34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1016\/0301-0511(95)05150-3","article-title":"Differential effects of glucocorticoids on human auditory perception","volume":"42","author":"Fehm-Wolfsdorf","year":"1996","journal-title":"Biol Psychol."},{"issue":"6","key":"2026042021361903800_lvag062-B35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"433","DOI":"10.1016\/0306-4530(89)90042-5","article-title":"Taste thresholds in man are differentially influenced by hydrocortisone and dexamethasone","volume":"14","author":"Fehm-Wolfsdorf","year":"1989","journal-title":"Psychoneuroendocrinology"},{"issue":"3","key":"2026042021361903800_lvag062-B36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"912","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem.82.3.3834","article-title":"The longitudinal course of psychopathology in Cushing's syndrome after correction of hypercortisolism","volume":"82","author":"Dorn","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Meta"},{"issue":"3","key":"2026042021361903800_lvag062-B37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e12","DOI":"10.1210\/clinem\/dgz136","article-title":"Time to diagnosis in Cushing's syndrome: a meta-analysis based on 5367 patients","volume":"105","author":"Rubinstein","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab."},{"issue":"5","key":"2026042021361903800_lvag062-B38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"621","DOI":"10.1093\/ejendo\/lvaf092","article-title":"Impact of hydrocortisone vs prednisone therapy on postsurgical recovery in patients with endogenous hypercortisolism: a prospective cohort study","volume":"192","author":"Sandooja","year":"2025","journal-title":"Eur J Endocrinol."},{"issue":"8","key":"2026042021361903800_lvag062-B39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jendso\/bvab109","article-title":"Patient and provider perspectives on postsurgical recovery of cushing syndrome","volume":"5","author":"Acree","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Endocr Soc."},{"key":"2026042021361903800_lvag062-B40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2024.1353543","article-title":"Challenges in the postsurgical recovery of Cushing syndrome: glucocorticoid withdrawal syndrome","volume":"15","author":"Zhang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Front Endocrinol"},{"issue":"3","key":"2026042021361903800_lvag062-B41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1097\/MED.0000000000000804","article-title":"Glucocorticoid withdrawal syndrome: what to expect and how to manage","volume":"30","author":"Theiler-Schwetz","year":"2023","journal-title":"Curr Opin Endocrinol Diabetes Obes."},{"key":"2026042021361903800_lvag062-B42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"603","DOI":"10.1002\/cphy.c150015","volume-title":"Comprehensive Physiology","author":"Herman","year":"2016","edition":"1st ed"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026042021361903800_lvag062-B43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.4158\/EP-2017-0074","article-title":"Predicting recovery of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis after prolonged glucocorticoid use","volume":"24","author":"Leong","year":"2018","journal-title":"Endocr Pract."},{"issue":"2","key":"2026042021361903800_lvag062-B44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.1007\/s12020-023-03405-8","article-title":"The recovery time of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis after curative surgery in Cushing's disease and its related factor","volume":"81","author":"Cui","year":"2023","journal-title":"Endocrine"},{"issue":"4","key":"2026042021361903800_lvag062-B45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.21037\/tp.2017.10.01","article-title":"Recovery of steroid induced adrenal insufficiency","volume":"6","author":"Younes","year":"2017","journal-title":"Transl Pediatr"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026042021361903800_lvag062-B46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1111\/bcp.14679","article-title":"Is there a safe and effective way to wean patients off long-term glucocorticoids?","volume":"87","author":"Baker","year":"2021","journal-title":"Brit J Clinical Pharma"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026042021361903800_lvag062-B47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjpo-2019-000569","article-title":"Adrenal suppression from glucocorticoids: preventing an iatrogenic cause of morbidity and mortality in children","volume":"3","author":"Ahmet","year":"2019","journal-title":"bmjpo"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026042021361903800_lvag062-B48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semarthrit.2016.03.001","article-title":"Systemic glucocorticoid therapy and adrenal insufficiency in adults: a systematic review","volume":"46","author":"Joseph","year":"2016","journal-title":"Semin Arthritis Rheum."},{"issue":"6","key":"2026042021361903800_lvag062-B49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2171","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2015-1218","article-title":"Adrenal insufficiency in corticosteroids use: systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"100","author":"Broersen","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab."},{"key":"2026042021361903800_lvag062-B50","first-page":"63","article-title":"Homologous down regulation of the glucocorticoid receptor: the molecular machinery","volume":"3","author":"Oakley","year":"1993","journal-title":"Crit Rev Eukar Gene"},{"issue":"22","key":"2026042021361903800_lvag062-B51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10441","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)60980-9","article-title":"Tissue-specific regulation of glucocorticoid receptor mRNA by dexamethasone","volume":"262","author":"Kalinyak","year":"1987","journal-title":"J Biol Chem."},{"issue":"2","key":"2026042021361903800_lvag062-B52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1016\/0039-128X(91)90124-E","article-title":"Autoregulation of glucocorticoid receptor gene expression","volume":"56","author":"Burnstein","year":"1991","journal-title":"Steroids"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026042021361903800_lvag062-B53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.2012.06633.x","article-title":"Glucocorticoid regulation of inflammation and its functional correlates: from HPA axis to glucocorticoid receptor dysfunction: glucocorticoid resistance in inflammatory disease","volume":"1261","author":"Silverman","year":"2012","journal-title":"Ann N Y Acad Sci."},{"issue":"4","key":"2026042021361903800_lvag062-B54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"593","DOI":"10.1210\/endrev\/bnae008","article-title":"The glucocorticoid receptor: isoforms, functions, and contribution to glucocorticoid sensitivity","volume":"45","author":"Lockett","year":"2024","journal-title":"Endocr Rev."},{"key":"2026042021361903800_lvag062-B55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1016\/j.steroids.2014.08.014","article-title":"Brain mineralocorticoid receptors in cognition and cardiovascular homeostasis","volume":"91","author":"Gomez-Sanchez","year":"2014","journal-title":"Steroids"},{"issue":"6","key":"2026042021361903800_lvag062-B56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"573","DOI":"10.1007\/s11906-012-0297-0","article-title":"The ubiquitous mineralocorticoid receptor: clinical implications","volume":"14","author":"Hawkins","year":"2012","journal-title":"Curr Hypertens Rep"},{"issue":"10","key":"2026042021361903800_lvag062-B57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1917","DOI":"10.1210\/js.2019-00158","article-title":"Glucocorticoid and mineralocorticoid receptors in the brain: a transcriptional perspective","volume":"3","author":"Koning","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Endocr Soc."},{"issue":"1-2","key":"2026042021361903800_lvag062-B58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(94)91862-7","article-title":"Corticosterone effects on corticotropin-releasing hormone mRNA in the central nucleus of the amygdala and the parvocellular region of the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus","volume":"640","author":"Makino","year":"1994","journal-title":"Brain Res."},{"issue":"1","key":"2026042021361903800_lvag062-B59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1038\/npp.2015.215","article-title":"Genetic approaches to hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis regulation","volume":"41","author":"Arnett","year":"2016","journal-title":"Neuropsychopharmacol"},{"issue":"6","key":"2026042021361903800_lvag062-B60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"450","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0447.1998.tb10030.x","article-title":"Blunted adrenocorticotropin and cortisol responses to corticotropin-releasing hormone stimulation in chronic fatigue syndrome","volume":"97","author":"Scott","year":"1998","journal-title":"Acta Psychiatr Scand"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026042021361903800_lvag062-B61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8522","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-023-44163-5","article-title":"Hypothalamic CRH neurons represent physiological memory of positive and negative experience","volume":"14","author":"F\u00fczesi","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026042021361903800_lvag062-B62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms11937","article-title":"Hypothalamic CRH neurons orchestrate complex behaviours after stress","volume":"7","author":"F\u00fczesi","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"issue":"3","key":"2026042021361903800_lvag062-B63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"407","DOI":"10.1677\/joe.0.1270407","article-title":"Stress responsiveness of hypothalamic corticotrophin-releasing factor and pituitary pro-opiomelanocortin mRNAs following high-dose glucocorticoid treatment and withdrawal in the rat","volume":"127","author":"Harbuz","year":"1990","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"issue":"5","key":"2026042021361903800_lvag062-B64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"769","DOI":"10.1016\/S0196-9781(01)00390-4","article-title":"Regulation of pituitary corticotropin releasing hormone receptors","volume":"22","author":"Aguilera","year":"2001","journal-title":"Peptides"},{"issue":"2","key":"2026042021361903800_lvag062-B65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1016\/0303-7207(89)90029-4","article-title":"Changes in rat pituitary nuclear and cytoplasmic pro-opiomelanocortin RNAs associated with adrenalectomy and glucocorticoid replacement","volume":"66","author":"Autelitano","year":"1989","journal-title":"Mol Cell Endocrinol."},{"issue":"1","key":"2026042021361903800_lvag062-B66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem.77.1.8392083","article-title":"The pituitary corticotroph is not the rate limiting step in the postoperative recovery of the hypothalamic- pituitary-adrenal axis in patients with cushing syndrome","volume":"77","author":"Teresa","year":"1993","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"4","key":"2026042021361903800_lvag062-B67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"453","DOI":"10.2174\/187152706777950684","article-title":"Corticotropin releasing factor (CRF) receptor signaling in the central nervous system: new molecular targets","volume":"5","author":"Hauger","year":"2006","journal-title":"CNSNDDT"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026042021361903800_lvag062-B68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"78","DOI":"10.1016\/1044-7431(90)90043-4","article-title":"Glucocorticoid regulation of proopiomelanocortin mRNA levels in rat arcuate nucleus","volume":"1","author":"Tong","year":"1990","journal-title":"Mol Cell Neurosci."},{"issue":"1","key":"2026042021361903800_lvag062-B69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1159\/000054298","article-title":"Glucocorticoid regulation of hypothalamic proopiomelanocortin","volume":"67","author":"Wardlaw","year":"1998","journal-title":"Neuroendocrinology"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026042021361903800_lvag062-B70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1186\/1472-6793-3-4","article-title":"Adrenalectomy stimulates hypothalamic proopiomelanocortin expression but does not correct diet-induced obesity","volume":"3","author":"Makimura","year":"2003","journal-title":"BMC Physiol"},{"issue":"4","key":"2026042021361903800_lvag062-B71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2381","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.00024.2017","article-title":"POMC: the physiological power of hormone processing","volume":"98","author":"Harno","year":"2018","journal-title":"Physiol Rev."},{"issue":"7","key":"2026042021361903800_lvag062-B72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"736","DOI":"10.1210\/er.2006-0034","article-title":"Studies on the physiological functions of the melanocortin system","volume":"27","author":"Cone","year":"2006","journal-title":"Endocr Rev."},{"issue":"1","key":"2026042021361903800_lvag062-B73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2010.10.107","article-title":"Hypothalamic proopiomelanocortin processing and the regulation of energy balance","volume":"660","author":"Wardlaw","year":"2011","journal-title":"Eur J Pharmacol."},{"issue":"10","key":"2026042021361903800_lvag062-B74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"710","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn2914","article-title":"The crucial role of pulsatile activity of the HPA axis for continuous dynamic equilibration","volume":"11","author":"Lightman","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nat Rev Neurosci"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026042021361903800_lvag062-B75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1677\/JOE-08-0415","article-title":"Glucocorticoids and the circadian clock","volume":"200","author":"Dickmeis","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Endocrinol."},{"issue":"5488","key":"2026042021361903800_lvag062-B76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2344","DOI":"10.1126\/science.289.5488.2344","article-title":"Resetting of circadian time in peripheral tissues by glucocorticoid signaling","volume":"289","author":"Balsalobre","year":"2000","journal-title":"Science"},{"issue":"10","key":"2026042021361903800_lvag062-B77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4775","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2012-1486","article-title":"Glucocorticoids as entraining signals for peripheral circadian oscillators","volume":"153","author":"Pez\u00fck","year":"2012","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"2026042021361903800_lvag062-B78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2143","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2020.02143","article-title":"Glucocorticoids regulate circadian rhythm of innate and adaptive immunity","volume":"11","author":"Shimba","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"2026042021361903800_lvag062-B79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heares.2019.03.007","article-title":"Circadian integration of inflammation and glucocorticoid actions: implications for the cochlea","volume":"377","author":"Sarlus","year":"2019","journal-title":"Hear Res."},{"issue":"5","key":"2026042021361903800_lvag062-B80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"654","DOI":"10.1007\/s11102-024-01450-8","article-title":"Sleep disruption in patients with active and treated endogenous Cushing's syndrome","volume":"27","author":"Geer","year":"2024","journal-title":"Pituitary"},{"key":"2026042021361903800_lvag062-B81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2024.105462","article-title":"Circadian clock disruption impairs immune oscillation in chronic endogenous hypercortisolism: a multi-level analysis from a multicentre clinical trial","volume":"110","author":"Hasenmajer","year":"2024","journal-title":"eBioMedicine"},{"issue":"15","key":"2026042021361903800_lvag062-B82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2211996120","article-title":"Circadian regulation of hippocampal function is disrupted with corticosteroid treatment","volume":"120","author":"Birnie","year":"2023","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A."},{"issue":"12","key":"2026042021361903800_lvag062-B83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3525","DOI":"10.1210\/clinem\/dgaf206","article-title":"Chronotherapy with once-daily osilodrostat improves cortisol rhythm, quality of life, and sleep in Cushing's syndrome","volume":"110","author":"Ferrari","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"16","key":"2026042021361903800_lvag062-B84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1711","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra050541","article-title":"Antiinflammatory action of glucocorticoids\u2014new mechanisms for old drugs","volume":"353","author":"Rhen","year":"2005","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"2026042021361903800_lvag062-B85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2006.11.006","article-title":"An inflammatory review of glucocorticoid actions in the CNS","volume":"21","author":"Sorrells","year":"2007","journal-title":"Brain Behav Immun."},{"issue":"4","key":"2026042021361903800_lvag062-B86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"375","DOI":"10.1093\/ejendo\/lvad041","article-title":"Low-grade inflammation during the glucocorticoid withdrawal phase in patients with Cushing's syndrome","volume":"188","author":"Vogel","year":"2023","journal-title":"Eur J Endocrinol."},{"key":"2026042021361903800_lvag062-B87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2019.01744","article-title":"Glucocorticoids\u2014all-rounders tackling the Versatile players of the immune system","volume":"10","author":"Strehl","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"issue":"16","key":"2026042021361903800_lvag062-B88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5995","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1118355109","article-title":"Chronic stress, glucocorticoid receptor resistance, inflammation, and disease risk","volume":"109","author":"Cohen","year":"2012","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A."},{"issue":"9","key":"2026042021361903800_lvag062-B89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"895","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2009.06.012","article-title":"Central sensitization: a generator of pain hypersensitivity by central neural plasticity","volume":"10","author":"Latremoliere","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Pain."},{"key":"2026042021361903800_lvag062-B90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.3389\/fncel.2018.00035","article-title":"Potential mechanisms underlying centralized pain and emerging therapeutic interventions","volume":"12","author":"Eller-Smith","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front Cell Neurosci"},{"issue":"5","key":"2026042021361903800_lvag062-B91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"855","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.1650-20.2020","article-title":"The neuroimmunology of chronic pain: from rodents to humans","volume":"41","author":"Grace","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"issue":"1-2","key":"2026042021361903800_lvag062-B92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2004.04.068","article-title":"Intrathecal interleukin-1\u03b2 administration induces thermal hyperalgesia by activating inducible nitric oxide synthase expression in the rat spinal cord","volume":"1015","author":"Sung","year":"2004","journal-title":"Brain Res."},{"issue":"4","key":"2026042021361903800_lvag062-B93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"723","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pain.2013.12.030","article-title":"Differential regulation of peripheral IL-1\u03b2-induced mechanical allodynia and thermal hyperalgesia in rats","volume":"155","author":"Kim","year":"2014","journal-title":"Pain"},{"issue":"15","key":"2026042021361903800_lvag062-B94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6540","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.5087-12.2013","article-title":"Induction of thermal hyperalgesia and synaptic long-term potentiation in the spinal cord Lamina I by TNF-\u03b1 and IL-1\u03b2 is mediated by glial cells","volume":"33","author":"Gruber-Schoffnegger","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"issue":"3","key":"2026042021361903800_lvag062-B95","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"438","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjp.0704092","article-title":"Characterization of EP receptor subtypes responsible for prostaglandin E2 -induced pain responses by use of EP1 and EP3 receptor knockout mice","volume":"133","author":"Minami","year":"2001","journal-title":"British J Pharmacology"},{"issue":"9","key":"2026042021361903800_lvag062-B96","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"695","DOI":"10.1089\/jir.1996.16.695","article-title":"Interleukin-6-mediated hyperalgesia\/allodynia and increased spinal IL-6 expression in a rat mononeuropathy model","volume":"16","author":"DeLEO","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Interferon Cytokine Res."},{"issue":"25","key":"2026042021361903800_lvag062-B97","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8692","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.23-25-08692.2003","article-title":"Interleukin-1 enhances NMDA receptor-mediated intracellular calcium increase through activation of the src family of kinases","volume":"23","author":"Viviani","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Neurosci."},{"issue":"1-2","key":"2026042021361903800_lvag062-B98","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jneuroim.2006.03.001","article-title":"Interleukin-1 beta modulates AMPA receptor expression and phosphorylation in hippocampal neurons","volume":"175","author":"Lai","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Neuroimmunol."},{"issue":"2","key":"2026042021361903800_lvag062-B99","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"497","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3565(24)35318-2","article-title":"Interleukin-1\u03b2 inhibits \u03b3-aminobutyric acid type A (GABAA) receptor current in cultured hippocampal neurons","volume":"292","author":"Wang","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Pharmacol Exp Ther."},{"issue":"7","key":"2026042021361903800_lvag062-B100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"702","DOI":"10.1038\/89490","article-title":"CXCR4-activated astrocyte glutamate release via TNF\u03b1: amplification by microglia triggers neurotoxicity","volume":"4","author":"Bezzi","year":"2001","journal-title":"Nat Neurosci"},{"issue":"5563","key":"2026042021361903800_lvag062-B101","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2282","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1067859","article-title":"Control of synaptic strength by glial TNF\u03b1","volume":"295","author":"Beattie","year":"2002","journal-title":"Science"},{"issue":"2","key":"2026042021361903800_lvag062-B102","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2006.10.011","article-title":"Glia as the \u201cbad guys\u201d: implications for improving clinical pain control and the clinical utility of opioids","volume":"21","author":"Watkins","year":"2007","journal-title":"Brain Behav Immun."},{"issue":"20","key":"2026042021361903800_lvag062-B103","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5189","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.3338-07.2008","article-title":"Cytokine mechanisms of central sensitization: distinct and overlapping role of interleukin-1\u03b2, interleukin-6, and tumor necrosis factor-\u03b1 in regulating synaptic and neuronal activity in the superficial spinal cord","volume":"28","author":"Kawasaki","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"issue":"5","key":"2026042021361903800_lvag062-B104","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1750","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.21-05-01750.2001","article-title":"Direct activation of rat spinal dorsal horn neurons by prostaglandin E2","volume":"21","author":"Baba","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026042021361903800_lvag062-B105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-3959(01)00258-5","article-title":"Release of glutamate, nitric oxide and prostaglandin E2 and metabolic activity in the spinal cord of rats following peripheral nociceptive stimulation","volume":"92","author":"Vetter","year":"2001","journal-title":"Pain"},{"issue":"19","key":"2026042021361903800_lvag062-B106","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4683","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.5265-03.2004","article-title":"Mechanism of activity-dependent downregulation of the neuron-specific K-Cl cotransporter KCC2","volume":"24","author":"Rivera","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"issue":"5","key":"2026042021361903800_lvag062-B107","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"747","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.200209011","article-title":"BDNF-induced TrkB activation down-regulates the K+\u2013Cl\u2212 cotransporter KCC2 and impairs neuronal Cl\u2212 extrusion","volume":"159","author":"Rivera","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Cell Biol."},{"key":"2026042021361903800_lvag062-B108","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/17448069231185439","article-title":"BDNF-TrkB signaling pathway-mediated microglial activation induces neuronal KCC2 downregulation contributing to dynamic allodynia following spared nerve injury","volume":"19","author":"Hu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Mol Pain"},{"issue":"9","key":"2026042021361903800_lvag062-B109","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jendso\/bvaf116","article-title":"A novel mouse model of the glucocorticoid withdrawal syndrome","volume":"9","author":"Snyder","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Endocr Soc"},{"issue":"6","key":"2026042021361903800_lvag062-B110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1804","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem.80.6.7775627","article-title":"Glucocorticoids, sympathetic activity, and presynaptic a2-adrenoceptor function in humans","volume":"80","author":"Lenders","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"3","key":"2026042021361903800_lvag062-B111","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1411","DOI":"10.1210\/endo.133.3.8396019","article-title":"Endogenous glucocorticoids restrain catecholamine synthesis and release at rest and during immobilization stress in rats","volume":"133","author":"Kvetnansky","year":"1993","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"issue":"3","key":"2026042021361903800_lvag062-B112","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"758","DOI":"10.1161\/01.HYP.35.3.758","article-title":"Acute suppression of muscle sympathetic nerve activity by hydrocortisone in humans","volume":"35","author":"Dodt","year":"2000","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"issue":"3","key":"2026042021361903800_lvag062-B113","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"467","DOI":"10.1016\/j.beem.2006.07.006","article-title":"Hypertension in Cushing's syndrome","volume":"20","author":"Magiakou","year":"2006","journal-title":"Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab."},{"issue":"4","key":"2026042021361903800_lvag062-B114","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1159\/000345905","article-title":"Decreased autonomic modulation of heart rate and altered cardiac sympathovagal balance in patients with Cushing's syndrome: role of endogenous hypercortisolism","volume":"97","author":"Chandran","year":"2013","journal-title":"Neuroendocrinology"},{"issue":"Suppl. 1","key":"2026042021361903800_lvag062-B115","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1159\/000318566","article-title":"Cardiovascular disease in Cushing's syndrome: heart versus vasculature","volume":"92","author":"De Leo","year":"2010","journal-title":"Neuroendocrinology"},{"key":"2026042021361903800_lvag062-B116","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4939-2895-8_5","volume-title":"Glucocorticoid Signaling. Vol 872. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology","author":"Kuo","year":"2015"},{"issue":"9","key":"2026042021361903800_lvag062-B117","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"540","DOI":"10.1038\/s41574-022-00683-6","article-title":"Fresh insights into glucocorticoid-induced diabetes mellitus and new therapeutic directions","volume":"18","author":"Li","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat Rev Endocrinol"},{"issue":"3","key":"2026042021361903800_lvag062-B118","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E654","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpendo.00453.2006","article-title":"Glucocorticoids produce whole body insulin resistance with changes in cardiac metabolism","volume":"292","author":"Qi","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab."},{"issue":"1","key":"2026042021361903800_lvag062-B119","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecl.2013.10.005","article-title":"Mechanisms of glucocorticoid-induced insulin resistance","volume":"43","author":"Geer","year":"2014","journal-title":"Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am."},{"issue":"2","key":"2026042021361903800_lvag062-B120","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"180","DOI":"10.3803\/EnM.2017.32.2.180","article-title":"Glucocorticoid-induced diabetes Mellitus: an important but overlooked problem","volume":"32","author":"Suh","year":"2017","journal-title":"Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"2026042021361903800_lvag062-B121","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2015.09.020","article-title":"Hyperinsulinemia caused by dexamethasone treatment is associated with reduced insulin clearance and lower hepatic activity of insulin-degrading enzyme","volume":"155","author":"Protzek","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol."},{"issue":"1","key":"2026042021361903800_lvag062-B122","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-4165(73)90006-8","article-title":"Effects of adrenalectomy and glucocorticoid replacement on gluconeogenesis in perfused livers from diabetic rats","volume":"329","author":"Exton","year":"1973","journal-title":"Biochim Biophys Acta (BBA)\u2014General Subjects"},{"issue":"2","key":"2026042021361903800_lvag062-B123","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"382","DOI":"10.1152\/ajplegacy.1975.228.2.382","article-title":"Effect of ACTH on lipolysis in adipose tissue of normal and adrenalectomized rats in vivo","volume":"228","author":"Spirovski","year":"1975","journal-title":"Am J Physiol-Legacy Content"},{"issue":"3","key":"2026042021361903800_lvag062-B124","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"631","DOI":"10.1016\/S0031-9384(97)00188-1","article-title":"Adrenalectomy increases sensitivity to central insulin","volume":"62","author":"Chavez","year":"1997","journal-title":"Physiol Behav."},{"issue":"1","key":"2026042021361903800_lvag062-B125","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E102","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpendo.00028.2002","article-title":"Adrenalectomy enhances the insulin sensitivity of muscle protein synthesis","volume":"284","author":"Long","year":"2003","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab."},{"issue":"12","key":"2026042021361903800_lvag062-B126","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2168","DOI":"10.2337\/db25-0120","article-title":"Cushing syndrome, hypercortisolism, and glucose homeostasis: a review","volume":"74","author":"DeFronzo","year":"2025","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026042021361903800_lvag062-B127","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1186\/1743-7075-2-3","article-title":"The role of glucocorticoid action in the pathophysiology of the metabolic syndrome","volume":"2","author":"Wang","year":"2005","journal-title":"Nutr Metab (Lond)"},{"key":"2026042021361903800_lvag062-B128","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2020.00429","article-title":"Mifepristone for treatment of metabolic syndrome: beyond Cushing's syndrome","volume":"11","author":"D\u00edaz-Castro","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front Pharmacol"},{"key":"2026042021361903800_lvag062-B129","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2015.00012","article-title":"The regulation of muscle mass by endogenous glucocorticoids","volume":"6:","author":"Braun","year":"2015","journal-title":"Front Physiol"},{"key":"2026042021361903800_lvag062-B130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2163","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biocel.2013.05.036","article-title":"Glucocorticoid-induced skeletal muscle atrophy","volume":"45","author":"Schakman","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int J Biochem Cell Biol"},{"issue":"5547","key":"2026042021361903800_lvag062-B131","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1704","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1065874","article-title":"Identification of ubiquitin ligases required for skeletal muscle atrophy","volume":"294","author":"Bodine","year":"2001","journal-title":"Science"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026042021361903800_lvag062-B132","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbspin.2010.02.025","article-title":"Glucocorticoid-induced myopathy","volume":"78","author":"Pereira","year":"2011","journal-title":"Joint Bone Spine"},{"issue":"6","key":"2026042021361903800_lvag062-B133","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"397","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn2647","article-title":"Neural regulation of endocrine and autonomic stress responses","volume":"10","author":"Ulrich-Lai","year":"2009","journal-title":"Nat Rev Neurosci"},{"issue":"3","key":"2026042021361903800_lvag062-B134","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/obr.13539","article-title":"Glucocorticoids, stress and eating: the mediating role of appetite-regulating hormones","volume":"24","author":"Kuckuck","year":"2023","journal-title":"Obes Rev."},{"issue":"5","key":"2026042021361903800_lvag062-B135","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2117","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2009-1436","article-title":"Endocrine and physiological changes in response to chronic corticosterone: a potential model of the metabolic syndrome in mouse","volume":"151","author":"Karatsoreos","year":"2010","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"issue":"9","key":"2026042021361903800_lvag062-B136","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4544","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2008-0229","article-title":"Glucocorticoids increase neuropeptide Y and agouti-related peptide gene expression via adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase signaling in the arcuate nucleus of rats","volume":"149","author":"Shimizu","year":"2008","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"issue":"4","key":"2026042021361903800_lvag062-B137","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1424","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI46229","article-title":"Rapid, reversible activation of AgRP neurons drives feeding behavior in mice","volume":"121","author":"Krashes","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"issue":"30","key":"2026042021361903800_lvag062-B138","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7870","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.1184-06.2006","article-title":"Stress-induced alterations in prefrontal cortical dendritic morphology predict selective impairments in perceptual attentional set-shifting","volume":"26","author":"Liston","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026042021361903800_lvag062-B139","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn3138","article-title":"The stressed synapse: the impact of stress and glucocorticoids on glutamate transmission","volume":"13","author":"Popoli","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nat Rev Neurosci"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026042021361903800_lvag062-B140","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"431","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-med-052209-100430","article-title":"Stress- and allostasis-induced brain plasticity","volume":"62","author":"McEwen","year":"2011","journal-title":"Annu Rev Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"2026042021361903800_lvag062-B141","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"329","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2006.11.015","article-title":"Adrenalectomy prevents behavioural sensitisation of mice to cocaine in a genotype-dependent manner","volume":"177","author":"Dejong","year":"2007","journal-title":"Behav Brain Res."},{"issue":"3","key":"2026042021361903800_lvag062-B142","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"543","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjp.0705511","article-title":"Effect of adrenalectomy and corticosterone replacement on prepulse inhibition and locomotor activity in mice","volume":"142","author":"Van Den Buuse","year":"2004","journal-title":"British J Pharmacology"},{"issue":"10","key":"2026042021361903800_lvag062-B143","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1243","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2003.07.040","article-title":"Adrenalectomy affects pain behavior of rats after formalin injection","volume":"74","author":"Vissers","year":"2004","journal-title":"Life Sci."},{"issue":"2","key":"2026042021361903800_lvag062-B144","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(92)91597-8","article-title":"Stress induces atrophy of apical dendrites of hippocampal CA3 pyramidal neurons","volume":"588","author":"Watanabe","year":"1992","journal-title":"Brain Res."},{"issue":"2","key":"2026042021361903800_lvag062-B145","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"236","DOI":"10.1002\/neu.20025","article-title":"Chronic stress alters dendritic morphology in rat medial prefrontal cortex","volume":"60","author":"Cook","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Neurobiol"},{"issue":"15","key":"2026042021361903800_lvag062-B146","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6810","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.22-15-06810.2002","article-title":"Chronic stress induces contrasting patterns of dendritic remodeling in hippocampal and amygdaloid neurons","volume":"22","author":"Vyas","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"issue":"26","key":"2026042021361903800_lvag062-B147","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9371","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0504011102","article-title":"Stress duration modulates the spatiotemporal patterns of spine formation in the basolateral amygdala","volume":"102","author":"Mitra","year":"2005","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A."},{"issue":"9","key":"2026042021361903800_lvag062-B148","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"756","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-3223(92)90079-f","article-title":"Hippocampal formation volume, memory dysfunction, and cortisol levels in patients with Cushing's syndrome","volume":"32","author":"Starkman","year":"1992","journal-title":"Biol Psychiatry"},{"key":"2026042021361903800_lvag062-B149","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2023.1163482","article-title":"Functional brain alterations in Cushing's syndrome","volume":"14","author":"Papakokkinou","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front Endocrinol"},{"issue":"4","key":"2026042021361903800_lvag062-B150","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1097\/MED.0000000000000414","article-title":"Structural brain abnormalities in Cushing's syndrome","volume":"25","author":"Bauduin","year":"2018","journal-title":"Curr Opin Endocrinol Diabetes Obes."},{"issue":"5","key":"2026042021361903800_lvag062-B151","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1949","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem.87.5.8493","article-title":"Loss of brain volume in endogenous Cushing's syndrome and its reversibility after correction of hypercortisolism","volume":"87","author":"Bourdeau","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"5","key":"2026042021361903800_lvag062-B152","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2531","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2004-2488","article-title":"Children experience cognitive decline despite reversal of brain atrophy one year after resolution of Cushing syndrome","volume":"90","author":"Merke","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab."},{"issue":"12","key":"2026042021361903800_lvag062-B153","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1595","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-3223(99)00203-6","article-title":"Decrease in cortisol reverses human hippocampal atrophy following treatment of Cushing's disease","volume":"46","author":"Starkman","year":"1999","journal-title":"Biol Psychiatry."},{"key":"2026042021361903800_lvag062-B154","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"659","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2014.01.017","article-title":"Widespread reductions of white matter integrity in patients with long-term remission of Cushing's disease","volume":"4","author":"Van der Werff","year":"2014","journal-title":"Neuroimage Clin."},{"issue":"6","key":"2026042021361903800_lvag062-B155","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1043","DOI":"10.3174\/ajnr.A4322","article-title":"White matter alterations in the brains of patients with active, remitted, and cured Cushing syndrome: a DTI study","volume":"36","author":"Pires","year":"2015","journal-title":"AJNR Am J Neuroradiol"},{"issue":"3","key":"2026042021361903800_lvag062-B156","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"340","DOI":"10.1007\/s11102-017-0793-y","article-title":"White matter involvement on DTI-MRI in Cushing's syndrome relates to mood disturbances and processing speed: a case-control study","volume":"20","author":"Pires","year":"2017","journal-title":"Pituitary"},{"issue":"9","key":"2026042021361903800_lvag062-B157","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E1640","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2012-1945","article-title":"Long-term cognitive impairments and attentional deficits in patients with Cushing's disease and cortisol-producing adrenal adenoma in remission","volume":"97","author":"Ragnarsson","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab."},{"issue":"12","key":"2026042021361903800_lvag062-B158","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1275","DOI":"10.1038\/mp.2013.190","article-title":"Stress and glucocorticoids promote oligodendrogenesis in the adult hippocampus","volume":"19","author":"Chetty","year":"2014","journal-title":"Mol Psychiatry"},{"issue":"6","key":"2026042021361903800_lvag062-B159","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e2507","DOI":"10.1002\/brb3.2507","article-title":"Altered hippocampal volume and functional connectivity in patients with Cushing's disease","volume":"12","author":"Li","year":"2022","journal-title":"Brain Behav."},{"issue":"6","key":"2026042021361903800_lvag062-B160","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5168","DOI":"10.18632\/aging.102939","article-title":"Impaired brain network architecture in Cushing's disease based on graph theoretical analysis","volume":"12","author":"Xu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Aging (Albany NY)."},{"issue":"2","key":"2026042021361903800_lvag062-B161","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2009.12.002","article-title":"Synchronized activity between the ventral hippocampus and the medial prefrontal Cortex during anxiety","volume":"65","author":"Adhikari","year":"2010","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"issue":"4","key":"2026042021361903800_lvag062-B162","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"857","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2016.01.011","article-title":"Direct ventral hippocampal-prefrontal input is required for anxiety-related neural activity and behavior","volume":"89","author":"Padilla-Coreano","year":"2016","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"issue":"3","key":"2026042021361903800_lvag062-B163","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"914","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.13-03-00914.1993","article-title":"Corticosteroids regulate brain hippocampal SHT, receptor mRNA expression","volume":"13","author":"Chalmers","year":"1993","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"issue":"2-3","key":"2026042021361903800_lvag062-B164","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1016\/S0014-2999(97)01126-6","article-title":"Effects of corticosterone on 5-HT1A and 5-HT2 receptor binding and on the receptor-mediated behavioral responses of rats","volume":"333","author":"Takao","year":"1997","journal-title":"Eur J Pharmacol"},{"issue":"3","key":"2026042021361903800_lvag062-B165","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1210\/edrv.19.3.0331","article-title":"Brain corticosteroid receptor balance in health and disease","volume":"19","author":"Kloet","year":"1998","journal-title":"Endocr Rev"},{"issue":"9","key":"2026042021361903800_lvag062-B166","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"668","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-3223(01)01205-7","article-title":"PET measurement of the influence of corticosteroids on serotonin-1A receptor number","volume":"50","author":"Montgomery","year":"2001","journal-title":"Biol Psychiatry."},{"key":"2026042021361903800_lvag062-B167","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1178646917691938","article-title":"Kynurenine pathway of tryptophan metabolism: regulatory and functional aspects","volume":"10","author":"Badawy","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int J Tryptophan Res"},{"key":"2026042021361903800_lvag062-B168","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2016.08.003","article-title":"The kynurenine pathway and the brain: challenges, controversies and promises","volume":"112","author":"Schwarcz","year":"2017","journal-title":"Neuropharmacology"},{"issue":"5","key":"2026042021361903800_lvag062-B169","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"347","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-3956(95)00017-Y","article-title":"The effect of elevated systemic cortisol levels on plasma catecholamines in Cushing's syndrome patients with and without depressed mood","volume":"29","author":"Cameron","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Psychiatr Res."},{"issue":"10","key":"2026042021361903800_lvag062-B170","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"963","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.1990.01810220079010","article-title":"Prednisone effects on neurochemistry and behavior: preliminary findings","volume":"47","author":"Wolkowitz","year":"1990","journal-title":"Arch Gen Psychiatry"},{"issue":"2","key":"2026042021361903800_lvag062-B171","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"216","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-8993(02)02647-1","article-title":"Regulatory role of glucocorticoids and glucocorticoid receptor mRNA levels on tyrosine hydroxylase gene expression in the locus coeruleus during repeated immobilization stress","volume":"943","author":"Makino","year":"2002","journal-title":"Brain Res."},{"issue":"3","key":"2026042021361903800_lvag062-B172","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"445","DOI":"10.1111\/jnc.12459","article-title":"Corticosterone administration up-regulated expression of norepinephrine transporter and dopamine \u03b2-hydroxylase in rat locus coeruleus and its terminal regions","volume":"128","author":"Fan","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Neurochem."},{"key":"2026042021361903800_lvag062-B173","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnana.2022.976714","article-title":"Chronic treatment with corticosterone increases the number of tyrosine hydroxylase-expressing cells within specific nuclei of the brainstem reticular formation","volume":"16","author":"Busceti","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Neuroanat"},{"issue":"3","key":"2026042021361903800_lvag062-B174","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"523","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2006.11.006","article-title":"Adrenergic pharmacology and cognition: focus on the prefrontal cortex","volume":"113","author":"Ramos","year":"2007","journal-title":"Pharmacol Ther."},{"issue":"3","key":"2026042021361903800_lvag062-B175","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn2573","article-title":"The locus coeruleus and noradrenergic modulation of cognition","volume":"10","author":"Sara","year":"2009","journal-title":"Nat Rev Neurosci"},{"issue":"3","key":"2026042021361903800_lvag062-B176","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"605","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2015.07.002","article-title":"CRH engagement of the locus coeruleus noradrenergic system mediates stress-induced anxiety","volume":"87","author":"McCall","year":"2015","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"issue":"45","key":"2026042021361903800_lvag062-B177","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12358","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.2007-07.2007","article-title":"Noradrenergic modulation of basolateral amygdala neuronal activity: opposing influences of \u03b1-2 and \u03b2 receptor activation","volume":"27","author":"Buffalari","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"issue":"6","key":"2026042021361903800_lvag062-B178","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"410","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn2648","article-title":"Stress signalling pathways that impair prefrontal cortex structure and function","volume":"10","author":"Arnsten","year":"2009","journal-title":"Nat Rev Neurosci"},{"issue":"7563","key":"2026042021361903800_lvag062-B179","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.1038\/nature14600","article-title":"Viral-genetic tracing of the input\u2013output organization of a central noradrenaline circuit","volume":"524","author":"Schwarz","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026042021361903800_lvag062-B180","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"403","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.neuro.28.061604.135709","article-title":"An integrative theory of locus coeruleus-norepinephrine function: adaptive gain and optimal performance","volume":"28","author":"Aston-Jones","year":"2005","journal-title":"Annu Rev Neurosci"},{"issue":"12","key":"2026042021361903800_lvag062-B181","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4148","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.4835-13.2014","article-title":"Optoactivation of locus ceruleus neurons evokes bidirectional changes in thermal nociception in rats","volume":"34","author":"Hickey","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026042021361903800_lvag062-B182","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1186\/s12974-022-02489-9","article-title":"Activation of locus coeruleus-spinal cord noradrenergic neurons alleviates neuropathic pain in mice via reducing neuroinflammation from astrocytes and microglia in spinal dorsal horn","volume":"19","author":"Li","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Neuroinflammation"},{"issue":"3","key":"2026042021361903800_lvag062-B183","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"387","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1460-9568.2002.02089.x","article-title":"Interaction between glucocorticoid hormones, stress and psychostimulant drugs*","volume":"16","author":"Marinelli","year":"2002","journal-title":"Eur J Neurosci"},{"issue":"4","key":"2026042021361903800_lvag062-B184","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1568","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.20-04-01568.2000","article-title":"Chronic stress induces impairment of spatial working memory because of prefrontal dopaminergic dysfunction","volume":"20","author":"Mizoguchi","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"issue":"45","key":"2026042021361903800_lvag062-B185","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"18459","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1111746108","article-title":"Glucocorticoid receptors in the prefrontal cortex regulate stress-evoked dopamine efflux and aspects of executive function","volume":"108","author":"Butts","year":"2011","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A."},{"issue":"24","key":"2026042021361903800_lvag062-B186","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5492","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.0086-04.2004","article-title":"Endogenous glucocorticoids are essential for maintaining prefrontal cortical cognitive function","volume":"24","author":"Mizoguchi","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"issue":"9","key":"2026042021361903800_lvag062-B187","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1328","DOI":"10.1038\/s41386-023-01551-1","article-title":"Chronically dysregulated corticosterone impairs dopaminergic transmission in the dorsomedial striatum by sex-divergent mechanisms","volume":"48","author":"Holloway","year":"2023","journal-title":"Neuropsychopharmacol"}],"container-title":["European Journal of Endocrinology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ejendo\/advance-article-pdf\/doi\/10.1093\/ejendo\/lvag062\/68090486\/lvag062.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ejendo\/advance-article-pdf\/doi\/10.1093\/ejendo\/lvag062\/68090486\/lvag062.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ejendo\/advance-article-pdf\/doi\/10.1093\/ejendo\/lvag062\/68090486\/lvag062.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,21]],"date-time":"2026-04-21T01:36:24Z","timestamp":1776735384000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ejendo\/article\/194\/4\/R67\/8655092"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"references-count":187,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,6]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/ejendo\/lvag062","relation":{},"ISSN":["0804-4643","1479-683X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0804-4643","type":"print"},{"value":"1479-683X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]}}}