{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T20:04:30Z","timestamp":1792785870069,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,28]],"date-time":"2026-08-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787875200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"funder":[{"name":"Korea Health Technology R&D Project"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003710","name":"Korea Health Industry Development Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003710","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Ministry of Health and Welfare of the Republic of Korea","award":["RS-2025-02233101"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RS-2025-02233101"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/00vxgjw72","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Patient-Centered Clinical Research Coordinating Center","id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/00fzvsb30","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Ministry of Health & Welfare, Republic of Korea","award":["RS-2024-00397426"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RS-2024-00397426"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/00vxgjw72","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,28]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Data on hypothalamic\u2013pituitary\u2013adrenal axis (HPAA) recovery after adrenalectomy are limited by small samples, heterogeneous criteria, and no distinction between mild autonomous cortisol secretion (MACS) and adrenal Cushing syndrome (CS). We investigated HPAA recovery duration and associated factors separately in MACS and adrenal CS.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Design<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Retrospective, multicenter cohort.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We analyzed 139 adults with MACS and 280 with adrenal CS who underwent unilateral adrenalectomy and required postoperative glucocorticoid replacement. HPAA recovery was defined as discontinuation of glucocorticoids. Associated factors were evaluated using Cox proportional hazards models and restricted mean survival time (RMST) regression.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The Kaplan\u2013Meier-estimated median (95% confidence interval) time to recovery was 8.2 (6.5\u20139.7) months in MACS and 14.8 (13.2\u201316.3) months in adrenal CS. In MACS, older age [hazard ratio (HR) = 0.72 per 10 years; +94 days for &amp;gt;61 years, \u03c4 = 540 days] and cortisol after 1-mg overnight dexamethasone suppression test [post-overnight dexamethasone suppression test (ODST) cortisol] &amp;gt; 10.0\u2005\u00b5g\/dL (+113 days) were associated with delayed recovery, whereas higher dehydroepiandrosterone-sulfate ratio (HR = 1.50 per log-unit; \u221291 days for &amp;gt;0.61) and adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) (HR = 1.61 per log-unit) were associated with faster recovery. In adrenal CS, older age (HR = 0.74 per 10 years; +198 days for &amp;gt;36 years, \u03c4 = 1095 days), higher glycated hemoglobin (HR = 0.81 per 1%), and post-ODST cortisol &amp;gt;7.9\u2005\u00b5g\/dL (+364 days) were associated with delayed recovery, whereas higher ACTH (HR = 1.27 per log-unit; \u2212130 days for &amp;gt;5.1\u2005pg\/mL) was associated with faster recovery.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Older age was consistently associated with delayed recovery, while biochemical markers contributed differentially by disease subtypes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/ejendo\/lvag172","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,3]],"date-time":"2026-09-03T08:22:58Z","timestamp":1788423778000},"page":"498-507","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Glucocorticoid replacement duration after unilateral adrenalectomy for mild autonomous cortisol secretion and adrenal Cushing syndrome: a multicenter cohort study"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"195","author":[{"given":"You-Bin","family":"Lee","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine , Seoul 06351 ,","place":["Republic of Korea"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Seung Shin","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine , Seoul 03080 ,","place":["Republic of Korea"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Min Jeong","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine , Seoul 08308 ,","place":["Republic of Korea"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9074-8087","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jeongmin","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Eunpyeong St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea , Seoul 03312 ,","place":["Republic of Korea"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A Ram","family":"Hong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Chonnam University Medical School , Gwangju 58128 ,","place":["Republic of Korea"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eu Jeong","family":"Ku","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital Healthcare System Gangnam Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine , Seoul 06236 ,","place":["Republic of Korea"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Seong Hee","family":"Ahn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Inha University Hospital, Inha University School of Medicine , Incheon 22332 ,","place":["Republic of Korea"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kyong Yeun","family":"Jung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Nowon Eulji Medical Center, Eulji University School of Medicine , Seoul 01830 ,","place":["Republic of Korea"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5976-7175","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ju Hee","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University College of Medicine , Daejeon 35015 ,","place":["Republic of Korea"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hyo-Jeong","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Nowon Eulji Medical Center, Eulji University School of Medicine , Seoul 01830 ,","place":["Republic of Korea"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1932-0234","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jung Hee","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal 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