{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]],"date-time":"2026-08-27T10:18:47Z","timestamp":1787825927384,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,19]],"date-time":"2026-08-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787097600000},"content-version":"am","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Iron deficiency (ID) is common in chronic heart failure (HF) and may disturb bone metabolism.<\/jats:p>\n                    <jats:p>We investigated the association of ID with bone mineral density (BMD), and the potential mediating roles of fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF-23) and 1,25-dihydroxy vitamin D [1,25(OH)2 vitamin D] in patients with chronic HF from the Studies Investigating Co-morbidities Aggravating Heart Failure.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods and Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>ID was defined as a transferrin saturation (TSAT) &amp;lt;20%. Among 198 patients (69 [61\u201376] years, 80% men), TSAT was &amp;lt;20% in 29.8% and associated with higher BMD (1.25 vs 1.20\u2005g\/cm2, P = .009), with a graded dose\u2013response across TSAT quartiles (P for trend = .0009). ID was also associated with higher serum FGF-23 (pg\/mL; adjusted \u03b2 = .20, P = .0009) and lower plasma 1,25(OH)2 vitamin D (30 vs 35\u2005pg\/mL, P = .03). In multivariable analyses, both TSAT &amp;lt;20% (adjusted odds ratio 3.45, P = .01) and lower plasma 1,25(OH)2 vitamin D (adjusted odds ratio .54, P = .002) were associated with BMD above sex-specific medians.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In HF, a TSAT &amp;lt;20% is associated with disturbed bone metabolism, possibly mediated by increases in serum FGF-23 and reductions in 1,25(OH)2 vitamin D concentrations. Detailed analyses of bone microstructure in HF are warranted.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/ejhf\/xuag259","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,16]],"date-time":"2026-08-16T11:25:44Z","timestamp":1786879544000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Iron deficiency and bone metabolism in heart failure"],"prefix":"10.1093","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0724-7842","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ryosuke","family":"Sato","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology and Pneumology, University Medical Center G\u00f6ttingen , Robert-Koch-Strasse 40, G\u00f6ttingen 37075 ,","place":["Germany"]},{"name":"DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Lower Saxony ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tania","family":"Garfias-Veitl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology and 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