{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,17]],"date-time":"2026-10-17T20:44:35Z","timestamp":1792269875144,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":82,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,20]],"date-time":"2020-11-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1605830400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Root resorption can be considered the most unfortunate complication of orthodontic treatment.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To evaluate the available evidence regarding orthodontically induced inflammatory root resorption (OIIRR).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Search methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A comprehensive literature search was conducted for the systematic reviews investigating OIIRR published up to 24 May 2020. This was accomplished using electronic databases: MEDLINE via OVID, EMBASE, AMED (Allied and Complementary Medicine Database), PubMed, and Web of Science. Any ongoing systematic reviews were searched using Prospero and a grey literature search was undertaken using Google Scholar and OpenGrey (www.opengrey.eu\/). No language restriction was applied.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Selection criteria<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Only studies investigating OIIRR were included.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Data collection and analysis<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Screening, quality assessment [using the AMSTAR 2 tool (A Measurement Tool to Assess Systematic Reviews)], and data extraction were performed by two authors independently. Information was categorized and narratively synthesized for the key findings from moderate and high-quality reviews.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 2033 potentially eligible studies were identified. After excluding the non-relevant studies, 28 systematic reviews were included. Of which, 20 systematic reviews (71.5%) were of moderate and high-quality level of evidence. The incidence and severity of OIIRR increase with the fixed appliance, especially with heavy force, intrusion, torqueing movements, increased treatment duration, and treatment with extractions or with long apical displacement (particularly for maxillary incisors). There was insufficient evidence regarding most other treatment- and patient-related factors on OIIRR. Following all precautionary measures, pausing treatment and regular monitoring benefits patients with OIIRR.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions and implications<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>There is a limited number of high-quality studies in terms of OIIRR. The influence of fixed appliance on root resorption was noted; however, the cause and effect relationship between OIIRR and orthodontic biomechanics has not been confirmed. Avoiding heavy, continuous forces and a greater amount of apical displacement over a long duration of treatment is recommended. Precautionary measures should be carefully considered when treating patients with a high risk of OIIRR.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Registration<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>CRD42020166629.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/ejo\/cjaa058","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,9]],"date-time":"2020-09-09T07:10:48Z","timestamp":1599635448000},"page":"442-456","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":152,"title":["Orthodontic treatment and root resorption: an overview of systematic reviews"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"43","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9577-8947","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yassir A","family":"Yassir","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Orthodontic Department, College of Dentistry, University of Baghdad, Iraq"},{"name":"Orthodontic Department, School of Dentistry, University of Dundee, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Grant T","family":"McIntyre","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Orthodontic Department, School of Dentistry, University of Dundee, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David R","family":"Bearn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Orthodontic Department, School of Dentistry, University of Dundee, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"2021080317273418700_CIT0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"445","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0039-1698986","article-title":"Apical root resorption caused by orthodontic forces: a brief review and a long-term observation","volume":"6","author":"Topkara","year":"2012","journal-title":"European Journal of Dentistry"},{"key":"2021080317273418700_CIT0002","first-page":"175","article-title":"Orthodontically induced inflammatory root resorption. Part I: the basic science aspects","volume":"72","author":"Brezniak","year":"2002","journal-title":"The Angle Orthodontist"},{"key":"2021080317273418700_CIT0003","first-page":"180","article-title":"Orthodontically induced inflammatory root resorption. Part II: the clinical aspects","volume":"72","author":"Brezniak","year":"2002","journal-title":"The Angle Orthodontist"},{"key":"2021080317273418700_CIT0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-9657.2003.00192.x","article-title":"Root resorption\u2014diagnosis, classification and treatment choices based on stimulation factors","volume":"19","author":"Fuss","year":"2003","journal-title":"Dental Traumatology"},{"key":"2021080317273418700_CIT0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2011.06.032","article-title":"Physical properties of root cementum: Part 8. Root resorption after the application of light and heavy extrusive orthodontic forces: a microcomputed tomography study","volume":"141","author":"Jim\u00e9nez Montenegro","year":"2012","journal-title":"American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics"},{"key":"2021080317273418700_CIT0006","first-page":"331","article-title":"Tissue changes incidental to orthodontic tooth movement","volume":"18","author":"Schwarz","year":"1932","journal-title":"American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics"},{"key":"2021080317273418700_CIT0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmpb.2008.09.004","article-title":"Correspondences of hydrostatic pressure in periodontal ligament with regions of root resorption: a clinical and a finite element study of the same human teeth","volume":"93","author":"Hohmann","year":"2009","journal-title":"Computer Methods and Programs in Biomedicine"},{"key":"2021080317273418700_CIT0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4864195","DOI":"10.1155\/2016\/4864195","article-title":"Apical external root resorption and repair in orthodontic tooth movement: biological events","volume":"2016","author":"Feller","year":"2016","journal-title":"BioMed Research International"},{"key":"2021080317273418700_CIT0009","first-page":"369","article-title":"Cellular dynamics on the pressure side of the rat periodontium following experimental tooth movement","volume":"80","author":"Kvam","year":"1972","journal-title":"Scandinavian Journal of Dental Research"},{"key":"2021080317273418700_CIT0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"585048","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/585048","article-title":"The effect of orthodontic therapy on periodontal health: a review of the literature","volume":"2014","author":"Alfuriji","year":"2014","journal-title":"International Journal of Dentistry"},{"key":"2021080317273418700_CIT0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.5624\/isd.2011.41.1.17","article-title":"External root resorption after orthodontic treatment: a study of contributing factors","volume":"41","author":"Jung","year":"2011","journal-title":"Imaging Science in Dentistry"},{"key":"2021080317273418700_CIT0012","first-page":"68","article-title":"Initial tissue behavior during apical root resorption","volume":"44","author":"Reitan","year":"1974","journal-title":"The Angle Orthodontist"},{"key":"2021080317273418700_CIT0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.1093\/ejo\/16.4.249","article-title":"Root resorption beneath the main hyalinized zone","volume":"16","author":"Brudvik","year":"1994","journal-title":"European Journal of Orthodontics"},{"key":"2021080317273418700_CIT0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"350","DOI":"10.1093\/ejo\/cjr018","article-title":"Association between root resorption incident to orthodontic treatment and treatment factors","volume":"34","author":"Motokawa","year":"2012","journal-title":"European Journal of Orthodontics"},{"key":"2021080317273418700_CIT0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1601-6343.2004.00280.x","article-title":"Exploring the third dimension in root resorption","volume":"7","author":"Chan","year":"2004","journal-title":"Orthodontics & Craniofacial Research"},{"key":"2021080317273418700_CIT0016","volume-title":"A randomised clinical trial of the effectiveness of orthodontic treatment between the 0.018-inch and the 0.022-inch slot conventional ligation bracket systems.","author":"Al-Naseri","year":"2017"},{"key":"2021080317273418700_CIT0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1601-6343.2004.00281.x","article-title":"Root resorption and its association with alterations in physical properties, mineral contents and resorption craters in human premolars following application of light and heavy controlled orthodontic forces","volume":"7","author":"Darendeliler","year":"2004","journal-title":"Orthodontics & Craniofacial Research"},{"key":"2021080317273418700_CIT0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"698.e19","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2006.06.012","article-title":"Flaws in root resorption assessment algorithms: role of tooth shape","volume":"130","author":"Katona","year":"2006","journal-title":"American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics"},{"key":"2021080317273418700_CIT0019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2012.08.023","article-title":"Quantification of external root resorption by low- vs high-resolution cone-beam computed tomography and periapical radiography: a volumetric and linear analysis","volume":"143","author":"Ponder","year":"2013","journal-title":"American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics"},{"key":"2021080317273418700_CIT0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"487","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9416(82)90317-7","article-title":"Root resorption after orthodontic treatment of traumatized teeth","volume":"82","author":"Malmgren","year":"1982","journal-title":"American Journal of Orthodontics"},{"key":"2021080317273418700_CIT0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1093\/ejo\/5.3.173","article-title":"Apical root resorption in upper anterior teeth","volume":"5","author":"Linge","year":"1983","journal-title":"European Journal of Orthodontics"},{"key":"2021080317273418700_CIT0022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1016\/S0889-5406(05)81678-6","article-title":"Patient characteristics and treatment variables associated with apical root resorption during orthodontic treatment","volume":"99","author":"Linge","year":"1991","journal-title":"American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics"},{"key":"2021080317273418700_CIT0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.dmfr.4600313","article-title":"Assessment of apical root resorption using digital reconstruction","volume":"27","author":"Reukers","year":"1998","journal-title":"Dentomaxillofacial Radiology"},{"key":"2021080317273418700_CIT0024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"130","DOI":"10.1259\/dmfr\/97564373","article-title":"Density value means in the evaluation of external apical root resorption: an in vitro study for early detection in orthodontic case simulations","volume":"36","author":"Eraso","year":"2007","journal-title":"Dentomaxillofacial Radiology"},{"key":"2021080317273418700_CIT0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"462","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2009.06.021","article-title":"Root resorption associated with orthodontic tooth movement: a systematic review","volume":"137","author":"Weltman","year":"2010","journal-title":"American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics"},{"key":"2021080317273418700_CIT0026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1111\/adj.12483","article-title":"Root resorption with orthodontic mechanics: pertinent areas revisited","volume":"62","author":"Krishnan","year":"2017","journal-title":"Australian Dental Journal"},{"key":"2021080317273418700_CIT0027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"326","DOI":"10.1093\/ejo\/cjy003","article-title":"The effect of biologic factors and adjunctive therapies on orthodontically induced inflammatory root resorption: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"40","author":"Haugland","year":"2018","journal-title":"European Journal of Orthodontics"},{"key":"2021080317273418700_CIT0028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1093\/ejo\/cjy027","article-title":"Evaluation of orthodontically induced external root resorption following orthodontic treatment using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT): a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"41","author":"Samandara","year":"2019","journal-title":"European Journal of Orthodontics"},{"key":"2021080317273418700_CIT0029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1016\/0889-5406(93)70106-X","article-title":"Root resorption after orthodontic treatment: Part 1. Literature review","volume":"103","author":"Brezniak","year":"1993","journal-title":"American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics"},{"key":"2021080317273418700_CIT0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"128","DOI":"10.1016\/S1073-8746(99)80032-2","article-title":"Root resorption caused by orthodontic treatment: an evidence-based review of literature","volume":"5","author":"Killiany","year":"1999","journal-title":"Seminars in Orthodontics"},{"key":"2021080317273418700_CIT0031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-9975.2002.00020.x","article-title":"Root resorption caused by orthodontic treatment: review of literature from 1998 to 2001 for evidence","volume":"3","author":"Killiany","year":"2002","journal-title":"Progress in Orthodontics"},{"key":"2021080317273418700_CIT0032","first-page":"31","article-title":"Root resorption and orthodontic treatment. Review of the literature","volume":"56","author":"Pizzo","year":"2007","journal-title":"Minerva Stomatologica"},{"key":"2021080317273418700_CIT0033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1601-6343.2004.00286.x","article-title":"Meta analysis of the treatment-related factors of external apical root resorption","volume":"7","author":"Segal","year":"2004","journal-title":"Orthodontics & Craniofacial Research"},{"key":"2021080317273418700_CIT0034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1007\/s12548-012-0056-5","article-title":"Extent and prognosis of apical root resorption due to orthodontic treatment. A systematic literature review","volume":"5","author":"Pejicic","year":"2012","journal-title":"International Journal of Stomatology and Occlusion Medicine"},{"key":"2021080317273418700_CIT0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"576","DOI":"10.1093\/ejo\/cjt090","article-title":"Radiographic assessment of external root resorption associated with jackscrew-based maxillary expansion therapies: a systematic review","volume":"36","author":"Forst","year":"2014","journal-title":"European Journal of Orthodontics"},{"key":"2021080317273418700_CIT0036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1186\/s40510-014-0048-7","article-title":"Radiologically determined orthodontically induced external apical root resorption in incisors after non-surgical orthodontic treatment of class II division 1 malocclusion: a systematic review","volume":"15","author":"Tieu","year":"2014","journal-title":"Progress in Orthodontics"},{"key":"2021080317273418700_CIT0037","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"610","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2014.12.026","article-title":"Association of orthodontic force system and root resorption: a systematic review","volume":"147","author":"Roscoe","year":"2015","journal-title":"American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics"},{"key":"2021080317273418700_CIT0038","first-page":"1","volume":"15","author":"Elhaddaoui","year":"2017","journal-title":"International Orthodontics"},{"key":"2021080317273418700_CIT0039","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1558","DOI":"10.5005\/jp-journals-10024-2465","article-title":"Association of orthodontic clear aligners with root resorption using three-dimension measurements: a systematic review","volume":"19","author":"Aldeeri","year":"2018","journal-title":"The Journal of Contemporary Dental Practice"},{"key":"2021080317273418700_CIT0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.1111\/ocr.12337","article-title":"Root resorption in orthodontic treatment with clear aligners: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"22","author":"Fang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Orthodontics & Craniofacial Research"},{"key":"2021080317273418700_CIT0041","first-page":"cjaa013","article-title":"Comparison of external apical root resorption with clear aligners and pre-adjusted edgewise appliances in non-extraction cases: a systematic review and meta-analysis","author":"Gandhi","year":"2020","journal-title":"European Journal of Orthodontics"},{"key":"2021080317273418700_CIT0042","first-page":"231","article-title":"Influence of orthodontic treatment on root resorption: a systematic review","volume":"21","author":"De Brito","year":"2016","journal-title":"Revista da Faculdade de Odontologia"},{"key":"2021080317273418700_CIT0043","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"142","DOI":"10.1515\/jim-2016-0033","article-title":"Correlation between orthodontic forces and root resorption\u2014a systematic review of the literature","volume":"1","author":"Vlasa","year":"2016","journal-title":"Journal of Interdisciplinary Medicine"},{"key":"2021080317273418700_CIT0044","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1186\/s12903-016-0320-y","article-title":"Root resorption during orthodontic treatment with self-ligating or conventional brackets: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"16","author":"Yi","year":"2016","journal-title":"BMC Oral Health"},{"key":"2021080317273418700_CIT0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"116","DOI":"10.1186\/s12903-018-0579-2","article-title":"Evaluation of root resorption after comprehensive orthodontic treatment using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT): a meta-analysis","volume":"18","author":"Deng","year":"2018","journal-title":"BMC Oral Health"},{"key":"2021080317273418700_CIT0046","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2018.10.015","article-title":"Orthodontic mechanotherapies and their influence on external root resorption: a systematic review","volume":"155","author":"Currell","year":"2019","journal-title":"American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics"},{"key":"2021080317273418700_CIT0047","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.archoralbio.2019.01.017","article-title":"Influence of low-level laser therapy on orthodontically-induced inflammatory root resorption. A systematic review","volume":"100","author":"Michelogiannakis","year":"2019","journal-title":"Archives of Oral Biology"},{"key":"2021080317273418700_CIT0048","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"502","DOI":"10.1093\/ejo\/cjz018","article-title":"The effectiveness of supplemental vibrational force on enhancing orthodontic treatment. A systematic review","volume":"41","author":"Lyu","year":"2019","journal-title":"European Journal of Orthodontics"},{"key":"2021080317273418700_CIT0049","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1042","DOI":"10.2319\/011916-50.1","article-title":"Association of genetic polymorphism and external apical root resorption","volume":"86","author":"Aminoshariae","year":"2016","journal-title":"The Angle Orthodontist"},{"key":"2021080317273418700_CIT0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"395","DOI":"10.4041\/kjod.2018.48.6.395","article-title":"Association between genetic polymorphisms and external apical root resorption: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"48","author":"Nowrin","year":"2018","journal-title":"Korean Journal of Orthodontics"},{"key":"2021080317273418700_CIT0051","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2018.00303","article-title":"Intrinsic hormone-like molecules and external root resorption during orthodontic tooth movement. a systematic review and meta-analysis in preclinical in-vivo research","volume":"9","author":"Spoerri","year":"2018","journal-title":"Frontiers in Physiology"},{"key":"2021080317273418700_CIT0052","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"407","DOI":"10.1093\/ejo\/cjz063","article-title":"Does medication administration affect the rate of orthodontic tooth movement and root resorption development in humans? A systematic review","volume":"42","author":"Kaklamanos","year":"2019","journal-title":"European Journal of Orthodontics"},{"key":"2021080317273418700_CIT0053","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"346","DOI":"10.1093\/ejo\/cjy048","article-title":"Effects of systemic medication on root resorption associated with orthodontic tooth movement: a systematic review of animal studies","volume":"41","author":"Makrygiannakis","year":"2019","journal-title":"European Journal of Orthodontics"},{"key":"2021080317273418700_CIT0054","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1093\/ejo\/cjz021","article-title":"Effects of systematic bisphosphonate use in patients under orthodontic treatment: a systematic review","volume":"42","author":"Zymperdikas","year":"2019","journal-title":"European Journal of Orthodontics"},{"key":"2021080317273418700_CIT0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1733","DOI":"10.1007\/s00784-012-0860-8","article-title":"Root resorption of endodontically treated teeth following orthodontic treatment: a meta-analysis","volume":"17","author":"Ioannidou-Marathiotou","year":"2013","journal-title":"Clinical Oral Investigations"},{"key":"2021080317273418700_CIT0056","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"796","DOI":"10.1093\/ejo\/cjs101","article-title":"Radiographic comparison of the extent of orthodontically induced external apical root resorption in vital and root-filled teeth: a systematic review","volume":"35","author":"Walker","year":"2013","journal-title":"European Journal of Orthodontics"},{"key":"2021080317273418700_CIT0057","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"483","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joen.2019.02.001","article-title":"Orthodontic-induced external root resorption of endodontically treated teeth: a meta-analysis","volume":"45","author":"Alhadainy","year":"2019","journal-title":"Journal of Endodontics"},{"key":"2021080317273418700_CIT0058","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"336","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijsu.2010.02.007","article-title":"Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta analyses: the PRISMA statement","volume":"8","author":"Moher","year":"2010","journal-title":"International Journal of Surgery"},{"key":"2021080317273418700_CIT0059","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"j4008","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.j4008","article-title":"AMSTAR 2: a critical appraisal tool for systematic reviews that include randomised or non-randomised studies of healthcare interventions, or both","volume":"358","author":"Shea","year":"2017","journal-title":"BMJ (Clinical Research Ed.)"},{"key":"2021080317273418700_CIT0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1350","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0001350","article-title":"External validation of a measurement tool to assess systematic reviews (AMSTAR)","volume":"2","author":"Shea","year":"2007","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"2021080317273418700_CIT0061","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1013","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2008.10.009","article-title":"AMSTAR is a reliable and valid measurement tool to assess the methodological quality of systematic reviews","volume":"62","author":"Shea","year":"2009","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Epidemiology"},{"key":"2021080317273418700_CIT0062","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.4135\/9781483384436","volume-title":"Applied Thematic Analysis.","author":"Guest","year":"2012"},{"key":"2021080317273418700_CIT0063","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1191\/1478088706qp063oa","article-title":"Using thematic analysis in psychology","volume":"3","author":"Braun","year":"2006","journal-title":"Qualitative Research in Psychology"},{"key":"2021080317273418700_CIT0064","first-page":"611","volume-title":"The Public Health Researcher: A Methodological Approach.","author":"Daly","year":"1997"},{"key":"2021080317273418700_CIT0065","first-page":"912","article-title":"Root resorption after orthodontic intrusion and extrusion: an intraindividual study","volume":"75","author":"Han","year":"2005","journal-title":"The Angle Orthodontist"},{"key":"2021080317273418700_CIT0066","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.1093\/ejo\/25.4.335","article-title":"Constant versus dissipating forces in orthodontics: the effect on initial tooth movement and root resorption","volume":"25","author":"Weiland","year":"2003","journal-title":"European Journal of Orthodontics"},{"key":"2021080317273418700_CIT0067","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1186\/s40510-014-0035-z","article-title":"Root resorption after leveling with super-elastic and conventional steel arch wires: a prospective study","volume":"15","author":"Alzahawi","year":"2014","journal-title":"Progress in Orthodontics"},{"key":"2021080317273418700_CIT0068","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1002\/lsm.20076","article-title":"Effects of low-intensity laser therapy on the orthodontic movement velocity of human teeth: a preliminary study","volume":"35","author":"Cruz","year":"2004","journal-title":"Lasers in Surgery and Medicine"},{"key":"2021080317273418700_CIT0069","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1007\/s10103-007-0449-7","article-title":"The effect of low-level laser therapy during orthodontic movement: a preliminary study","volume":"23","author":"Youssef","year":"2008","journal-title":"Lasers in Medical Science"},{"key":"2021080317273418700_CIT0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1186\/s40510-018-0208-2","article-title":"Effect of low level laser and low intensity pulsed ultrasound therapy on bone remodeling during orthodontic tooth movement in rats","volume":"19","author":"Alazzawi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Progress in Orthodontics"},{"key":"2021080317273418700_CIT0071","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1387","DOI":"10.1007\/s10103-018-2545-2","article-title":"Effects of laser therapy on patients who underwent rapid maxillary expansion; a systematic review","volume":"33","author":"Davoudi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Lasers in Medical Science"},{"key":"2021080317273418700_CIT0072","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jphotobiol.2018.05.011","article-title":"970 nm low-level laser affects bone metabolism in orthodontic tooth movement","volume":"186","author":"Hsu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology. B, Biology"},{"key":"2021080317273418700_CIT0073","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S299","DOI":"10.4103\/0975-7406.100278","article-title":"Drugs influencing orthodontic tooth movement: an overall review","volume":"4","author":"Diravidamani","year":"2012","journal-title":"Journal of Pharmacy & Bioallied Sciences"},{"key":"2021080317273418700_CIT0074","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.2478\/aoj-2011-0012","article-title":"The effect of fluoride on orthodontic tooth movement in humans. A two- and three-dimensional evaluation","volume":"27","author":"Karadeniz","year":"2011","journal-title":"Australian Orthodontic Journal"},{"key":"2021080317273418700_CIT0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1093\/ejo\/13.3.223","article-title":"The effects of pregnancy and fluoride on orthodontic tooth movements in rats","volume":"13","author":"Hellsing","year":"1991","journal-title":"European Journal of Orthodontics"},{"key":"2021080317273418700_CIT0076","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2008.08.016","article-title":"Medication effects on the rate of orthodontic tooth movement: a systematic literature review","volume":"135","author":"Bartzela","year":"2009","journal-title":"American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics"},{"key":"2021080317273418700_CIT0077","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"562","DOI":"10.2319\/052014-361.1","article-title":"Receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappa ligand, OPG, and IGF-I expression during orthodontically induced inflammatory root resorption in the recombinant human growth hormone-treated rats","volume":"85","author":"Hu","year":"2015","journal-title":"The Angle Orthodontist"},{"key":"2021080317273418700_CIT0078","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"570","DOI":"10.2319\/101710-607.1","article-title":"Tooth movement and root resorption; the effect of ovariectomy on orthodontic force application in rats","volume":"81","author":"Sirisoontorn","year":"2011","journal-title":"The Angle Orthodontist"},{"key":"2021080317273418700_CIT0079","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"563","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2011.11.016","article-title":"Orthodontic tooth movement and root resorption in ovariectomized rats treated by systemic administration of zoledronic acid","volume":"141","author":"Sirisoontorn","year":"2012","journal-title":"American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics"},{"key":"2021080317273418700_CIT0080","first-page":"1411","article-title":"A guide to interpreting discordant systematic reviews","volume":"156","author":"Jadad","year":"1997","journal-title":"Canadian Medical Association Journal = journal de l\u2019Association medicale canadienne"},{"key":"2021080317273418700_CIT0081","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"236","DOI":"10.1111\/ocr.12329","article-title":"Biomarkers in the gingival crevicular fluid used to detect root resorption in patients undergoing orthodontic treatment: a systematic review","volume":"22","author":"Tarallo","year":"2019","journal-title":"Orthodontics & Craniofacial Research"},{"key":"2021080317273418700_CIT0082","author":"Sch\u00fcnemann","year":"2013"}],"container-title":["European Journal of Orthodontics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ejo\/article-pdf\/43\/4\/442\/39552859\/cjaa058.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"http:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ejo\/article-pdf\/43\/4\/442\/39552859\/cjaa058.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,6]],"date-time":"2023-10-06T22:32:28Z","timestamp":1696631548000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ejo\/article\/43\/4\/442\/5993861"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,20]]},"references-count":82,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,20]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,3]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/ejo\/cjaa058","relation":{},"ISSN":["0141-5387","1460-2210"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0141-5387","type":"print"},{"value":"1460-2210","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,1]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,20]]}}}