{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,9]],"date-time":"2026-07-09T23:47:47Z","timestamp":1783640867336,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":62,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,1]],"date-time":"2023-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1675209600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,31]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Removal of maxillary primary canines and other interceptive treatment modalities in the mixed dentition have been suggested as methods used to increase the rate of normal eruption of palatally displaced permanent canines (PDCs). However, the information on the overall effect on PDCs\u2019 position has been inconclusive.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>To assess whether this practice improves the position of PDCs and to investigate the quality of the evidence.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Search methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Unrestricted searches in 7 databases and manual searching of the reference lists in relevant studies were performed up to June 2022 (Medline via PubMed, CENTRAL, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Scopus, Web of Science, ClinicalTrials.gov, ProQuest Dissertations, and Theses Global).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Selection criteria<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>We looked for data on the positional changes of PDCs (mesial inclination, vertical position, canine crown cusp tip to midline) from randomized controlled trials assessing the various interceptive treatment modalities.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Data collection and analysis<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Following study retrieval and selection, relevant data were extracted, and the risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias 2 Tool. Exploratory synthesis and meta-regression were conducted using the random effects model and the overall quality of the available evidence was assessed with the Grades of Recommendation, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation approach.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Five studies (3 at low risk of bias) were identified, involving 238 individuals, followed for up to 18 months post-intervention with OPG (orthopantomogram) or CBCT (cone-beam computed tomography). Exploratory data synthesis showed that PDCs\u2019 position improved more in the extraction sites compared to non-extraction. Analysis of the studies at low risk confirmed the above observations (6- and 12-month). Improvements were observed in patients using headgear after extraction of primary canines compared to extraction alone, but not in patients with double extraction of primary canines and first molars. The quality of available evidence was rated at best as moderate.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Interceptive treatment modalities in the mixed dentition may improve the position of PDCs. However, more studies are necessary in order to determine the clinical significance of the changes.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Registration<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>PROSPERO (CRD42015029130).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/ejo\/cjac076","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,2]],"date-time":"2023-02-02T00:48:21Z","timestamp":1675298901000},"page":"370-381","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Do the various interceptive treatment modalities improve the position of palatally displaced permanent canines? A meta-analysis"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"45","author":[{"given":"Ahlam","family":"Habib","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Hamdan Bin Mohammed College of Dental Medicine, Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences , Dubai , United Arab Emirates"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Athanasios E","family":"Athanasiou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hamdan Bin Mohammed College of Dental Medicine, Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences , Dubai , United Arab Emirates"},{"name":"School of Dentistry, European University Cyprus , Nicosia , Cyprus"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2855-8623","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Miltiadis A","family":"Makrygiannakis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Dentistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens , Athens , Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0513-5110","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eleftherios G","family":"Kaklamanos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hamdan Bin Mohammed College of Dental Medicine, Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences , Dubai , United Arab Emirates"},{"name":"School of Dentistry, European University Cyprus , Nicosia , Cyprus"},{"name":"School of Dentistry, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki , Thessaloniki , Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2023073113443299300_CIT0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"762","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joms.2009.04.137","article-title":"Investigation of impacted permanent teeth except the third molar in Chinese patients through an X-ray study","volume":"68","author":"Hou","year":"2010","journal-title":"Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery"},{"key":"2023073113443299300_CIT0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e56","DOI":"10.4317\/medoral.16.e56","article-title":"Incidence of impacted and supernumerary teeth-a radiographic study in a North Greek population","volume":"16","author":"Fardi","year":"2011","journal-title":"Medicina \u039fral, Patologia Oral y Cirugia Bucal"},{"key":"2023073113443299300_CIT0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.2319\/021712-149.1","article-title":"Dental anomalies and clinical features in patients with maxillary canine impaction","volume":"83","author":"Mercuri","year":"2013","journal-title":"The Angle Orthodontist"},{"key":"2023073113443299300_CIT0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7326061","DOI":"10.1155\/2017\/7326061","article-title":"Impacted maxillary canine prevalence and its association with other dental anomalies in a Mexican population","volume":"2017","author":"Herrera-Atoche","year":"2017","journal-title":"International Journal of Dentistry"},{"key":"2023073113443299300_CIT0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"447","DOI":"10.1093\/ejo\/cjy078","article-title":"Prevalence and risk factors of root resorption of adjacent teeth in maxillary canine impaction, among untreated children and adolescents","volume":"41","author":"Rafflenbeul","year":"2019","journal-title":"European Journal of Orthodontics"},{"key":"2023073113443299300_CIT0006","first-page":"e743","article-title":"Impacted maxillary canines and root resorption of adjacent teeth: a retrospective observational study","volume":"21","author":"Guarnieri","year":"2016","journal-title":"Medicina Oral, Patologia Oral y Cirugia Bucal"},{"key":"2023073113443299300_CIT0007","volume-title":"Management of the Palatally Ectopic Maxillary Canine","author":"Husain","year":"2016"},{"key":"2023073113443299300_CIT0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S234","DOI":"10.4103\/0975-7406.100216","article-title":"Impacted canines: etiology, diagnosis, and orthodontic management","volume":"4","author":"Manne","year":"2012","journal-title":"Journal of Pharmacy & Bioallied Sciences"},{"key":"2023073113443299300_CIT0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"386","DOI":"10.1093\/ejo\/cjn018","article-title":"Factors affecting the duration of orthodontic treatment: a systematic review","volume":"30","author":"Mavreas","year":"2008","journal-title":"European Journal of Orthodontics"},{"key":"2023073113443299300_CIT0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1016\/S0300-9785(78)80020-9","article-title":"Resorption of the crown in impacted maxillary canine. 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