{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,3]],"date-time":"2026-10-03T23:04:06Z","timestamp":1791068646836,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,30]],"date-time":"2023-05-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1685404800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Regional Research Council","award":["RFR-72021"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RFR-72021"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,30]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To compare the long-term skeletal effects of tooth-borne (TB) and tooth-bone-borne (TBB) rapid maxillary expansion in growing children, using 3D imaging.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In total, 52 consecutive patients who met the eligibility criteria were recruited and allocated to either the TB group, mean age 9.3 years (SD 1.3), or the TBB group, mean age 9.5 years (SD 1.2). Cone-beam computed tomography records and plaster models were taken before (T0), directly after (T1), 1 year after (T2), and 5 years after expansion (T3).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Randomization<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Participants were randomly allocated in blocks of different sizes, using the concealed allocation principle in a 1:1 ratio. The randomization list was also stratified by sex to ensure homogeneity between groups.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Blinding<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Due to clinical limitations, only the outcome assessors were blinded to the groups to which the patients were allocated.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>At T1, the midpalatal suture at its anterior part showed a statistically significant difference between the groups with a mean of 0.6 mm (CI 0.2\u20131.1) more expansion in the TBB group (P &amp;lt; 0.01). This difference was also more evident in boys at T1 with a mean of 0.8 mm (CI 0.2\u20131.4) (P &amp;lt; 0.01). These differences, however, blotted out at T2 and T3. The nasal width also showed similar differences between the groups, with a significantly larger expansion in the TBB group by a mean of 0.7 mm (CI 0.1\u20131.4) (P = 0.03). This group difference in favour of the TBB group was maintained at T2 (1.6 mm) and T3 (2.1 mm) (P &amp;lt; 0.01 T2 and T3, respectively).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Skeletal expansion in the midpalatal suture was significantly higher in the TBB group; however, the magnitude of this expansion was around 0.6 mm more and may not be clinically significant. Skeletal expansion at the level of the nasal cavity was significantly higher in the TBB group. There were no differences between boys and girls with regard to skeletal expansion.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Trial registration<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This trial was not registered on any external sites.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/ejo\/cjad024","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,24]],"date-time":"2023-05-24T20:53:46Z","timestamp":1684961626000},"page":"690-702","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Three-dimensional comparison of tooth-borne and tooth-bone-borne RME appliances: a randomized controlled trial with 5-year follow-up"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"45","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9851-8996","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Farhan","family":"Bazargani","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthodontics, Postgraduate Dental Education Center , \u00d6rebro , Sweden"},{"name":"School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, \u00d6rebro University , \u00d6rebro , Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vanessa","family":"Knode","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Private orthodontic office , Traben-Trarbach , Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexander","family":"Plaksin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Private orthodontic office , Moscow , Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anders","family":"Magnuson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, \u00d6rebro University , Orebro , Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bj\u00f6rn","family":"Ludwig","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Private orthodontic office , Traben-Trarbach , Germany"},{"name":"Department of Orthodontics, University of Saarland , Homburg\/Saar , Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"2023113008175905700_CIT0001","first-page":"1046","article-title":"Long-term skeletal changes with rapid maxillary expansion: a systematic review","volume":"75","author":"Lagravere","year":"2005","journal-title":"The Angle Orthodontist"},{"key":"2023113008175905700_CIT0002","first-page":"540","article-title":"Treatment of irregularity of the permanent or adult teeth","volume":"1","author":"Angell","year":"1860","journal-title":"Dental Cosmos"},{"key":"2023113008175905700_CIT0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2008.06.004","article-title":"Skeletal effects to the maxilla after rapid maxillary expansion assessed with cone-beam computed tomography","volume":"134","author":"Garrett","year":"2008","journal-title":"American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics"},{"key":"2023113008175905700_CIT0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"599","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2015.04.040","article-title":"Comparison of transverse changes during maxillary expansion with 4-point bone-borne and tooth-borne maxillary expanders","volume":"148","author":"Mosleh","year":"2015","journal-title":"American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics"},{"key":"2023113008175905700_CIT0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1093\/ejo\/cjaa040","article-title":"Skeletal and dentoalveolar effects using tooth-borne and tooth-bone-borne RME appliances: a randomized controlled trial with 1-year follow-up","volume":"43","author":"Bazargani","year":"2021","journal-title":"European Journal of Orthodontics"},{"key":"2023113008175905700_CIT0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1111\/ocr.12595","article-title":"Three-dimensional comparison of bone-borne and tooth-bone-borne maxillary expansion in young adults with maxillary skeletal deficiency","volume":"26","author":"Bazzani","year":"2023","journal-title":"Orthodontics & Craniofacial Research"},{"key":"2023113008175905700_CIT0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1323","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mri.2012.05.001","article-title":"3D Slicer as an image computing platform for the Quantitative Imaging Network","volume":"30","author":"Fedorov","year":"2012","journal-title":"Magnetic Resonance Imaging"},{"key":"2023113008175905700_CIT0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"369","DOI":"10.1259\/dmfr\/17102411","article-title":"Superimposition of 3D cone-beam CT models of orthognathic surgery patients","volume":"34","author":"Cevidanes","year":"2005","journal-title":"Dento Maxillo Facial Radiology"},{"key":"2023113008175905700_CIT0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2009.01.018","article-title":"Superimposition of 3-dimensional cone-beam computed tomography models of growing patients","volume":"136","author":"Cevidanes","year":"2009","journal-title":"American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics"},{"key":"2023113008175905700_CIT0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S120","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2009.04.021","article-title":"Cranial base superimposition for 3-dimensional evaluation of soft-tissue changes","volume":"137","author":"Cevidanes","year":"2010","journal-title":"American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics"},{"key":"2023113008175905700_CIT0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmpb.2019.02.011","article-title":"Polymorph segmentation representation for medical image computing","volume":"171","author":"Pinter","year":"2019","journal-title":"Computer Methods and Programs in Biomedicine"},{"key":"2023113008175905700_CIT0012","volume-title":"Foundations of Clinical Research: Applications to Practice","author":"Portney","year":"2000","edition":"2"},{"key":"2023113008175905700_CIT0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"148","DOI":"10.1007\/s00056-007-0643-z","article-title":"Skeletally-anchored rapid maxillary expansion using the Dresden Distractor","volume":"68","author":"Hansen","year":"2007","journal-title":"Journal of Orofacial Orthopedics"},{"key":"2023113008175905700_CIT0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"589","DOI":"10.2319\/012822-85.1","article-title":"Three-dimensional assessment of palatal area changes after posterior crossbite correction with tooth-borne and tooth bone-borne rapid maxillary expansion","volume":"6","author":"Malmvind","year":"2022","journal-title":"The Angle Orthodontist"},{"key":"2023113008175905700_CIT0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"425","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ortho.2019.06.003","article-title":"Tooth-borne versus bone-borne rapid maxillary expansion for transverse maxillary deficiency: a systematic review","volume":"17","author":"Khosravi","year":"2019","journal-title":"International Orthodontics"},{"key":"2023113008175905700_CIT0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100657","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ortho.2022.100657","article-title":"Interest of miniscrew-assisted rapid palatal expansion on the upper airway in growing patients: a systematic review","volume":"20","author":"Preve","year":"2022","journal-title":"International Orthodontics"},{"key":"2023113008175905700_CIT0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"114","DOI":"10.1186\/s12903-022-02138-w","article-title":"Skeletal and alveolar changes in conventional rapid palatal expansion (RPE) and miniscrew-assisted RPE (MARPE): a prospective randomized clinical trial using low-dose CBCT","volume":"22","author":"Chun","year":"2022","journal-title":"BMC Oral Health"},{"key":"2023113008175905700_CIT0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1093\/ejo\/cjx081","article-title":"Effects on nasal airflow and resistance using two different RME appliances: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"40","author":"Bazargani","year":"2018","journal-title":"European Journal of Orthodontics"},{"key":"2023113008175905700_CIT0019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"110139","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijporl.2020.110139","article-title":"The role of pediatric maxillary expansion on nasal breathing: a systematic review and metanalysis","volume":"135","author":"Calvo-Henriquez","year":"2020","journal-title":"International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology"},{"key":"2023113008175905700_CIT0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e769","DOI":"10.4317\/jced.59750","article-title":"Effect of rapid maxillary expansion on the apnoea-hypopnoea index during sleep in children. Systematic review","volume":"14","author":"Martos-Cobo","year":"2022","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical and Experimental Dentistry"},{"key":"2023113008175905700_CIT0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"818","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2017.09.019","article-title":"Tomographic evaluation of the maturation stage of the midpalatal suture in postadolescents","volume":"153","author":"Ladewig","year":"2018","journal-title":"American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics"},{"key":"2023113008175905700_CIT0022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.2319\/030514-156.1","article-title":"Tooth-borne vs bone-borne rapid maxillary expanders in late adolescence","volume":"85","author":"Lin","year":"2015","journal-title":"The Angle Orthodontist"},{"key":"2023113008175905700_CIT0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"334","DOI":"10.4041\/kjod21.324","article-title":"Effect and stability of miniscrew-assisted rapid palatal expansion: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"52","author":"Huang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Korean Journal of Orthodontics"}],"container-title":["European Journal of Orthodontics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ejo\/article-pdf\/45\/6\/690\/53879015\/cjad024.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ejo\/article-pdf\/45\/6\/690\/53879015\/cjad024.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,30]],"date-time":"2023-11-30T03:19:30Z","timestamp":1701314370000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ejo\/article\/45\/6\/690\/7186671"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,30]]},"references-count":23,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,30]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,30]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/ejo\/cjad024","relation":{},"ISSN":["0141-5387","1460-2210"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0141-5387","type":"print"},{"value":"1460-2210","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,1]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,30]]}}}