{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T15:46:14Z","timestamp":1790178374331,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,22]],"date-time":"2023-08-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1692662400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005634","name":"Finnish Dental Society Apollonia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["20210043"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20210043"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005634","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003125","name":"Finnish Cultural Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["60212354"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["60212354"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003125","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Selma and Maja-Lisa Selander\u2019s Fund for Research in Odontology"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,18]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Dental arch effects after cervical headgear (CHG) treatment have been researched from several different perspectives. However, the long-term effects of CHG timing are still unknown.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>To analyse the long-term effects of CHG timing on dental arches.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Material and methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>A total of 67 children with Angle Class II malocclusion comprised the study group in this trial. The participants were randomized into two equal-sized groups. In the early group (EG, n = 33), treatment was started after the eruption of the first upper molars. In the later-timed group (LG, n = 34), treatment was started 18 months later compared with the early group. Long-term effects were measured from dental casts taken at five time points between 7 and 18 years of age.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The total maxillary dental arch length was achieved earlier, the gained length persisted better in the long term, and significantly more space was achieved in EG compared with LG (P = .048). The intermolar width in the maxillary dental arch was more stable and was reached earlier in EG compared with LG (P = .002). The results showed that in terms of total mandibular arch length increases, EG males benefited the most and LG females the least from CHG treatment (P = .031).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Both genders benefited from earlier CHG treatment. The maxillary dental arches remained longer, and the final width was gained earlier in EG compared with LG.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/ejo\/cjad045","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,22]],"date-time":"2023-08-22T19:19:26Z","timestamp":1692731966000},"page":"496-504","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Effects of headgear timing on dental arch changes from 7 to 18 years of age: a follow-up study"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"45","author":[{"given":"Matti","family":"Hannula","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Unit of Population Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu , PO Box 5000, FIN-90014 Oulu , Finland"},{"name":"Medical Research Center, Oulu University Hospital, University of Oulu , PO Box 8000, FI-90014 Oulu , Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mimmi","family":"Tolvanen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu , PO Box 8000, FI-90014 Oulu , Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pertti","family":"Pirttiniemi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Unit of Population Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu , PO Box 5000, FIN-90014 Oulu , Finland"},{"name":"Medical Research Center, Oulu University Hospital, University of Oulu , PO Box 8000, FI-90014 Oulu , Finland"},{"name":"Oral and Maxillofacial Department, Oulu University Hospital , PO Box 10, FI-90029 OYS, Oulu , Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kirsi","family":"Piril\u00e4-Parkkinen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Research Center, Oulu University Hospital, University of Oulu , PO Box 8000, FI-90014 Oulu , Finland"},{"name":"Oral and Maxillofacial Department, Oulu University Hospital , PO Box 10, FI-90029 OYS, Oulu , Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4777-3943","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Johanna","family":"Julku","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Research Center, Oulu University Hospital, University of Oulu , PO Box 8000, FI-90014 Oulu , Finland"},{"name":"Oral and Maxillofacial Department, Oulu University Hospital , PO Box 10, FI-90029 OYS, Oulu , Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"2023091805145230000_CIT0001","first-page":"418","article-title":"Dental arch width, overbite, and overjet in a Finnish population with normal occlusion between the ages of 7 and 32 years","volume-title":"Eur J Orthod","author":"Heikinheimo","year":"2012"},{"key":"2023091805145230000_CIT0002","first-page":"109","article-title":"Dentoalveolar development in subjects with normal occlusion. 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