{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,13]],"date-time":"2026-11-13T09:36:47Z","timestamp":1794562607154,"version":"4.9.1"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,12]],"date-time":"2024-02-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1707696000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"The Swedish Freemasons\u2019 Foundation for Children\u00b4s Welfare"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Several methods have been proposed to assess outcome of bone-grafted alveolar clefts on cone beam computed tomography (CBCT), but so far these methods have not been compared and clinically validated.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>To validate and compare methods for outcome assessment of bone-grafted clefts with CBCT and provide recommendations for follow-up.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>In this observational follow-up study, two grading scales (Suomalainen; Liu) and the volumetric bone fill (BF) were used to assess the outcome of 23 autogenous bone-grafted unilateral alveolar clefts. The mean age at bone grafting was 9 years. The volumetric BF was assessed in five vertical sections. The bone-grafted cleft outcome was based on a binary coding (success or regraft) on a clinical multidisciplinary expert consensus meeting. Grading scales and volumetric assessment were compared in relation to the bone-grafted cleft outcome (success or regraft). Reliability for the different outcome variables was analyzed with intra-class correlation and by calculating kappa values.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Limitations<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The study had a limited sample size. Clinical CBCT acquisitions had a varying tube current and exposure time.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Volumetric 3D measurements allowed for outcome assessment of bone-grafted alveolar clefts with high reliability and validity. The two grading scales showed highly reliable outcomes, yet the validity was high for the Suomalainen grading scale but low for the Liu grading scale.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Volumetric 3D measurement as well as the Suomalainen grading can be recommended for outcome assessment of the bone-grafted cleft. Yet, one must always make a patient-specific assessment if there is a need to regraft.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/ejo\/cjae002","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,12]],"date-time":"2024-02-12T18:59:59Z","timestamp":1707764399000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Validation and comparison of 2D grading scales and 3D volumetric measurements for outcome assessment of bone-grafted alveolar clefts in children"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"46","author":[{"given":"Mathias","family":"Lemberger","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Orthodontics, Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet , Box 4064, 141 04 Huddinge ,","place":["Sweden"]},{"name":"Eastman Institute, Department of Orthodontics, Public Dental Services Stockholm , Box 6031, SE-102 31 , Stockholm ,","place":["Sweden"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel","family":"Benchimol","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Oral Diagnostics and Rehabilitation, Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet , Box 4064, 141 04 Huddinge ,","place":["Sweden"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marie","family":"Pegelow","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Orthodontics, Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet , Box 4064, 141 04 Huddinge ,","place":["Sweden"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Reinhilde","family":"Jacobs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Oral Diagnostics and Rehabilitation, Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet , Box 4064, 141 04 Huddinge ,","place":["Sweden"]},{"name":"OMFS IMPATH Research Group, Department of Imaging & Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Leuven and Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospitals Leuven , Campus Sint-Rafa\u00ebl |Kapucijnenvoer 33, BE-3000 Leuven ,","place":["Belgium"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9905-4046","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Agneta","family":"Karsten","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Orthodontics, Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet , Box 4064, 141 04 Huddinge ,","place":["Sweden"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024103012545355000_CIT0001","first-page":"571","article-title":"Systematic review and meta-analysis of the birth prevalence of orofacial clefts in low- and middle-income countries","volume-title":"Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Journal","author":"Kadir","year":"2017"},{"key":"2024103012545355000_CIT0002","first-page":"87","article-title":"Secondary bone grafting of residual 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