{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]],"date-time":"2026-09-08T06:20:10Z","timestamp":1788848410285,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,8]],"date-time":"2025-04-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1744070400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The main objective was to analyse the clinical\u00a0effectiveness of ramus mini-implant-assisted traction of\u00a0mandibular second molars with eruption disturbances.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Materials and Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>A prospective study was carried out during a 3-year period. A total of 16 patients with 19 impacted mandibular second molars underwent surgical exposure followed by implant-assisted orthodontic traction. The pre- and post-treatment cone-beam computed tomography, and pre-, in-, and post-treatment panoramic radiographs were collected and measured for the changes in space, angles and alveolar bone at\u00a0pre-, in-, and post-treatment stages.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Mandibular second molars showed progressive uprighting (the angle between MM2 and the mandibular plane increased to 95.70\u2005\u00b1\u200511.96\u00b0, p\u2005&amp;lt;\u2005.0001) and improved root parallelism (the angles between MM2 and the mandibular second premolar decreased to 8.45\u2005\u00b1\u20057.06\u00b0, p\u2005&amp;lt;\u2005.0001) after the treatment. While molar crowns exhibited no significant deviation from the standard arch form, roots predominantly shifted lingually (2.29\u2005\u00b1\u20051.84\u00a0mm lingually at\u00a0post-treatment, p\u2005&amp;lt;\u2005.05). Regarding alveolar bone changes, there was a significant increase of bone height at the distal side\u00a0of the mandibular first molar (p\u2005&amp;lt;\u2005.05), coupled with a decrease of bone height at\u00a0the mesial side\u00a0of the second molar (p\u2005&amp;lt;\u2005.05). Root lengths of all patients indicated no statistical significance before and after treatment (p\u2005=\u2005.63).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Mini-implants placed at the mandibular ramus region are clinically effective in the orthodontic traction of impacted mandibular second molars. The orthodontic traction favours periodontal regeneration between first and second molars and bears no or minimal risk of\u00a0root resorption of mandibular second molars.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/ejo\/cjaf015","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,8]],"date-time":"2025-04-08T08:40:06Z","timestamp":1744101606000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Clinical effectiveness of ramus mini-implants in orthodontic traction of impacted mandibular second molars"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"47","author":[{"given":"Xuechun","family":"Yuan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Sichuan University , No.14, Section 3, Ren Min South Road, Chengdu 610041,\u00a0Sichuan ,","place":["China"]},{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University , No.14, Section 3, Ren Min South\u00a0Road, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qianyun","family":"Kuang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Sichuan University , No.14, Section 3, Ren Min South Road, Chengdu 610041,\u00a0Sichuan ,","place":["China"]},{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University , No.14, Section 3, Ren Min South\u00a0Road, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xian","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital 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Stomatology, Sichuan University , No.14, Section 3, Ren Min South\u00a0Road, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wenli","family":"Lai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Sichuan University , No.14, Section 3, Ren Min South Road, Chengdu 610041,\u00a0Sichuan ,","place":["China"]},{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University , No.14, Section 3, Ren Min South\u00a0Road, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6020-6559","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hu","family":"Long","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of 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