{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,24]],"date-time":"2026-01-24T23:45:06Z","timestamp":1769298306917,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,10]]},"DOI":"10.1093\/ejo\/cjw073","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,11,7]],"date-time":"2016-11-07T04:05:26Z","timestamp":1478491526000},"page":"547-553","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["The extent of root resorption and tooth movement following the application of ascending and descending magnetic forces: a prospective split mouth, microcomputed-tomography study"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"39","author":[{"given":"Tiffany Teen Yu","family":"Huang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Selma","family":"Elekdag-Turk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Oyku","family":"Dalci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mohammed","family":"Almuzian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ersan Ilsay","family":"Karadeniz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Carmen","family":"Gonzales","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Petocz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tamer","family":"Turk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M Ali","family":"Darendeliler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,2,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170928205552_CIT0001","first-page":"175","article-title":"Orthodontically induced inflammatory root resorption. Part I: the basic science aspects","volume":"72","year":"2002","journal-title":"The Angle Orthodontist"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170928205552_CIT0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1093\/ejo\/16.4.265","article-title":"Multi-nucleated cells remove the main hyalinized tissue and start resorption of adjacent root surfaces","volume":"16","year":"1994","journal-title":"European Journal of Orthodontics"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170928205552_CIT0003","first-page":"68","article-title":"Initial tissue behavior during apical root resorption","volume":"44","year":"1974","journal-title":"The Angle Orthodontist"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170928205552_CIT0004","first-page":"1","article-title":"Orthodontic root resorption studied by electron microscopy","volume":"47","year":"1977","journal-title":"The Angle Orthodontist"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170928205552_CIT0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9416(67)90100-5","article-title":"A histologic and cephalometric investigation of premolar intrusion in the Macaca speciosa monkey","volume":"53","year":"1967","journal-title":"American Journal of Orthodontics"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170928205552_CIT0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"502","DOI":"10.2319\/052007-240.1","article-title":"Force magnitude and duration effects on amount of tooth movement and root resorption in the rat molar","volume":"78","year":"2008","journal-title":"The Angle Orthodontist"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170928205552_CIT0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"775","DOI":"10.1177\/00220345820610062501","article-title":"The effect of force magnitude on extractable bone resorptive activity and cemental cratering in orthodontic tooth movement","volume":"61","year":"1982","journal-title":"Journal of Dental Research"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170928205552_CIT0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1007\/PL00001936","article-title":"Root resorptions in upper first premolars after application of continuous torque moment. Intra-individual study","volume":"62","year":"2001","journal-title":"Journal of Orofacial Orthopedics"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170928205552_CIT0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"390","DOI":"10.1093\/ejo\/cji039","article-title":"Validation of two-dimensional measurements of root resorption craters on human premolars after 28 days of force application","volume":"27","year":"2005","journal-title":"European Journal of Orthodontics"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170928205552_CIT0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1601-6343.2004.00281.x","article-title":"Root resorption and its association with alterations in physical properties, mineral contents and resorption craters in human premolars following application of light and heavy controlled orthodontic forces","volume":"7","year":"2004","journal-title":"Orthodontics & Craniofacial Research"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170928205552_CIT0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1093\/ejo\/23.1.35","article-title":"Ultrastructure of cementum and periodontal ligament after continuous intrusion in humans: a transmission electron microscopy study","volume":"23","year":"2001","journal-title":"European Journal of Orthodontics"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170928205552_CIT0012","first-page":"113","article-title":"Determinants controlling iatrogenic external root resorption and repair during and after palatal expansion","volume":"61","year":"1991","journal-title":"The Angle Orthodontist"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170928205552_CIT0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"218","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2006.01.043","article-title":"Physical properties of root cementum: Part 10. Comparison of the effects of invisible removable thermoplastic appliances with light and heavy orthodontic forces on premolar cementum. A microcomputed-tomography study","volume":"133","year":"2008","journal-title":"American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170928205552_CIT0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"320.e1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2008.05.014","article-title":"Physical properties of root cementum: Part 13. Repair of root resorption 4 and 8 weeks after the application of continuous light and heavy forces for 4 weeks: a microcomputed-tomography study","volume":"136","year":"2009","journal-title":"American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170928205552_CIT0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"186","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2003.11.026","article-title":"Physical properties of root cementum: Part 5. Volumetric analysis of root resorption craters after application of light and heavy orthodontic forces","volume":"127","year":"2005","journal-title":"American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170928205552_CIT0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"462","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2009.06.021","article-title":"Root resorption associated with orthodontic tooth movement: a systematic review","volume":"137","year":"2010","journal-title":"American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170928205552_CIT0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1093\/ejo\/18.1.141","article-title":"Effects of a doubled orthodontic force magnitude on tooth movement and root resorptions. An inter-individual study in adolescents","volume":"18","year":"1996","journal-title":"European Journal of Orthodontics"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170928205552_CIT0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.1093\/ejo\/18.1.287","article-title":"The effects of a four-fold increased orthodontic force magnitude on tooth movement and root resorptions. An intra-individual study in adolescents","volume":"18","year":"1996","journal-title":"European Journal of Orthodontics"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170928205552_CIT0019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"252","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9416(85)90220-9","article-title":"A reassessment of force magnitude in orthodontics","volume":"88","year":"1985","journal-title":"American Journal of Orthodontics"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170928205552_CIT0020","first-page":"150.e1","article-title":"Rate of tooth movement under heavy and light continuous orthodontic forces","volume":"136","year":"2009","journal-title":"American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170928205552_CIT0021","first-page":"151","article-title":"Biological reaction of alveolar bone to orthodontic tooth movement","volume":"69","year":"1999","journal-title":"The Angle Orthodontist"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170928205552_CIT0022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"154","DOI":"10.1093\/ejo\/cjp083","article-title":"Effects of force magnitude on tooth movement: an experimental study in rabbits","volume":"32","year":"2010","journal-title":"European Journal of Orthodontics"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170928205552_CIT0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2003.02.005","article-title":"Optimum force magnitude for orthodontic tooth movement: a mathematic model","volume":"125","year":"2004","journal-title":"American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170928205552_CIT0024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1004","DOI":"10.2319\/071805-237","article-title":"Effects of gradually increasing force generated by permanent rare earth magnets for orthodontic tooth movement","volume":"76","year":"2006","journal-title":"The Angle Orthodontist"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170928205552_CIT0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"428","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9416(86)90075-8","article-title":"A clinical assessment of the Active Vertical Corrector\u2014a nonsurgical alternative for skeletal open bite treatment","volume":"89","year":"1986","journal-title":"American Journal of Orthodontics"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170928205552_CIT0026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"455","DOI":"10.1016\/0889-5406(87)90227-7","article-title":"Magnetic versus mechanical expansion with different force thresholds and points of force application","volume":"92","year":"1987","journal-title":"American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170928205552_CIT0027","first-page":"639","article-title":"Case report: treatment of an impacted canine with magnets","volume":"28","year":"1994","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Orthodontics"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170928205552_CIT0028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"489","DOI":"10.1016\/0889-5406(91)70089-F","article-title":"An attractive solution to unerupted teeth","volume":"100","year":"1991","journal-title":"American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170928205552_CIT0029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1016\/0889-5406(93)70003-7","article-title":"Magnetic activator device II (MAD II) for correction of Class II, division 1 malocclusions","volume":"103","year":"1993","journal-title":"American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170928205552_CIT0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1016\/0889-5406(90)70087-S","article-title":"Functional orthopedic magnetic appliance (FOMA) III\u2014modus operandi","volume":"97","year":"1990","journal-title":"American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170928205552_CIT0031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9416(85)90041-7","article-title":"Magnetic force systems in orthodontics. Clinical results of a pilot study","volume":"87","year":"1985","journal-title":"American Journal of Orthodontics"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170928205552_CIT0032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"264","DOI":"10.1093\/ejo\/14.4.264","article-title":"Distalization of maxillary first and second molars simultaneously with repelling magnets","volume":"14","year":"1992","journal-title":"European Journal of Orthodontics"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170928205552_CIT0033","first-page":"40","article-title":"Distalization of molars with repelling magnets","volume":"22","year":"1988","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Orthodontics: JCO"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170928205552_CIT0034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1093\/ejo\/6.4.247","article-title":"The use of magnets in orthodontics: an alternative means to produce tooth movement","volume":"6","year":"1984","journal-title":"European Journal of Orthodontics"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170928205552_CIT0035","first-page":"361","article-title":"Class II bimaxillary protrusion treated with magnetic forces","volume":"26","year":"1992","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Orthodontics: JCO"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170928205552_CIT0036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1016\/0889-5406(87)90418-5","article-title":"A new orthodontic force system of magnetic brackets","volume":"92","year":"1987","journal-title":"American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170928205552_CIT0037","first-page":"321","article-title":"The biophysics of bone remodelling during orthodontics\u2014optimal force considerations","volume-title":"The Biology of Tooth Movement","year":"1986"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170928205552_CIT0038","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"909","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dental.2005.11.019","article-title":"Non-inverse-square force-distance law for long thin magnets","volume":"22","year":"2006","journal-title":"Dental Materials"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170928205552_CIT0039","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"431","DOI":"10.1093\/ejo\/19.4.431","article-title":"Clinical application of magnets in orthodontics and biological implications: a review","volume":"19","year":"1997","journal-title":"European Journal of Orthodontics"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170928205552_CIT0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1093\/ortho\/26.1.29","article-title":"Rare earth magnets in orthodontics: an overview","volume":"26","year":"1999","journal-title":"British Journal of Orthodontics"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170928205552_CIT0041","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.1093\/ejo\/15.4.249","article-title":"The initial phase of orthodontic root resorption incident to local compression of the periodontal ligament","volume":"15","year":"1993","journal-title":"European Journal of Orthodontics"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170928205552_CIT0042","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"410","DOI":"10.2319\/0003-3219(2007)077[0410:HEOTEO]2.0.CO;2","article-title":"Histological evaluation of the effects of initially light and gradually increasing force on orthodontic tooth movement","volume":"77","year":"2007","journal-title":"The Angle Orthodontist"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170928205552_CIT0043","first-page":"43","article-title":"Stability of the palatal rugae as landmarks for analysis of dental casts","volume":"65","year":"1995","journal-title":"The Angle Orthodontist"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170928205552_CIT0044","first-page":"73","article-title":"Stability of the palatal rugae as landmarks for analysis of dental casts in extraction and nonextraction cases","volume":"66","year":"1996","journal-title":"The Angle Orthodontist"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170928205552_CIT0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"639","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2005.01.029","article-title":"Physical properties of root cementum: part 8. Volumetric analysis of root resorption craters after application of controlled intrusive light and heavy orthodontic forces: a microcomputed tomography scan study","volume":"130","year":"2006","journal-title":"American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170928205552_CIT0046","first-page":"331","article-title":"Tissue changes incident to orthodontic tooth movement","volume":"18","year":"1932","journal-title":"International Journal of Orthodontics"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170928205552_CIT0047","first-page":"492 e1","article-title":"Physical properties of root cementum: part 14. The amount of root resorption after force application for 12 weeks on maxillary and mandibular premolars: a microcomputed-tomography study","volume":"136","year":"2009","journal-title":"American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170928205552_CIT0048","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1016\/S0889-5406(98)70241-0","article-title":"A clinical study of space closure with nickel-titanium closed coil springs and an elastic module","volume":"114","year":"1998","journal-title":"American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170928205552_CIT0049","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"703","DOI":"10.2319\/071308-366.1","article-title":"An in vivo 3D micro-CT evaluation of tooth movement after the application of different force magnitudes in rat molar","volume":"79","year":"2009","journal-title":"The Angle Orthodontist"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170928205552_CIT0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"238","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1601-6343.2010.01500.x","article-title":"Rate of orthodontic tooth movement after changing the force magnitude: an experimental study in beagle dogs","volume":"13","year":"2010","journal-title":"Orthodontics & Craniofacial Research"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170928205552_CIT0051","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"505","DOI":"10.1067\/mod.2001.113409","article-title":"Predicting and preventing root resorption: Part I. Diagnostic factors","volume":"119","year":"2001","journal-title":"American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170928205552_CIT0052","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.1016\/S0889-5406(95)70069-2","article-title":"A radiographic comparison of apical root resorption after orthodontic treatment with the edgewise and Speed appliances","volume":"108","year":"1995","journal-title":"American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170928205552_CIT0053","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"408","DOI":"10.1093\/ejo\/cjm016","article-title":"Apical root resorption after orthodontic treatment\u2014a retrospective study","volume":"29","year":"2007","journal-title":"European Journal of Orthodontics"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170928205552_CIT0054","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"480","DOI":"10.2319\/061311-390.1","article-title":"Apical root resorption during orthodontic treatment. A prospective study using cone beam CT","volume":"82","year":"2012","journal-title":"The Angle Orthodontist"}],"container-title":["European Journal of Orthodontics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ejo\/article-pdf\/39\/5\/547\/20290320\/cjw073.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,20]],"date-time":"2023-08-20T19:44:24Z","timestamp":1692560664000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ejo\/article\/39\/5\/547\/3001601\/The-extent-of-root-resorption-and-tooth-movement"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,2,16]]},"references-count":54,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,2,16]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,10]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/ejo\/cjw073","relation":{},"ISSN":["0141-5387","1460-2210"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0141-5387","type":"print"},{"value":"1460-2210","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,2,16]]}}}