{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T21:48:25Z","timestamp":1790718505002,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,5]],"date-time":"2019-10-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1570233600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>To assess differences in craniofacial growth at 8 years of age according to the different protocols for primary cleft surgery in the Scandcleft project.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Design and setting<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Prospective, randomized, controlled clinical trial (RCT) involving 10 centres, including non-syndromic Caucasians with unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP). In Trial 1, a common surgical method (1a) with soft palate closure at 3\u20134 months of age and hard palate closure at 12 months of age was tested against similar surgery but with hard palate repair at 36 months (delayed hard palate closure) (1b). In Trial 2, the common method (2a) was tested against simultaneous closure of both hard and soft palate at 1 year (2c). In Trial 3, the common method (3a) was tested against hard palate closure together with lip closure at 3 months of age and soft palate closure at 1 year of age (3d). Participants were randomly allocated by use of a dice. Operator blinding was not possible but all raters of all outcomes were blinded.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Subjects and methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The total number of participating patients at 8 years of age was 429. Lateral cephalograms (n = 408) were analysed. The cephalometric angles SNA and ANB were chosen for assessing maxillary growth for this part of the presentation.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Within each trial (Trial 1a\/1b, Trial 2a\/2c, and Trial 3a\/3d), there was no difference in cephalometric values between the common and the local arm. There were no statistically significant differences in the SNA and ANB angles between the common arm in Trial 1a (mean SNA 77.8, mean ANB 2.6) and Trial 2a (mean SNA 79.8, mean ANB 3.6) and no difference between Trial 1a and Trial 3a, but a statistical difference could be seen between Trial 2a and Trial 3a (mean SNA 76.9, mean ANB 1.7). However, the confidence interval was rather large. Intra- and inter-rater reliability were within acceptable range.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The timing and the surgical method is not of major importance as far as growth outcomes (SNA and ANB) in UCLP are concerned.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Registration<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>ISRCTN29932826<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Protocol<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The protocol was not published before trial commencement.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/ejo\/cjz078","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,9]],"date-time":"2019-09-09T11:47:33Z","timestamp":1568029653000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Scandcleft randomized trials of primary surgery for unilateral cleft lip and palate: maxillary growth at eight years of age"],"prefix":"10.1093","author":[{"given":"Annelise","family":"K\u00fcseler","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Cleft Palate Centre and University Hospital Aarhus and University of Aarhus, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kirsten","family":"M\u00f8lsted","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Copenhagen Cleft Palate Centre, University Hospital of Copenhagen, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Agneta","family":"Marcusson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dentofacial Orthopaedics, Maxillofacial Unit, University Hospital, Link\u00f6ping, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arja","family":"Heli\u00f6vaara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cleft Palate and Craniofacial Center, Department of Plastic Surgery, Helsinki University Hospital, Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9905-4046","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Agneta","family":"Karsten","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Stockholm Craniofacial Team, Section of Orthodontics, Division of Orthodontics and Pedodontics, Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Haydn","family":"Bellardie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of the Western Cape, South Africa"},{"name":"University of Manchester, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul","family":"S\u00e6le","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oral Health Centre of Expertise\/Western Norway, Bergen, Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eli","family":"Brinck","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"P\u00e5l","family":"Skaare","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3089-2110","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sara","family":"Rizell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Public Dental Health Service, V\u00e4stra G\u00f6taland Region, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Midia Najar","family":"Chalien","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Public Dental Health Service, V\u00e4stra G\u00f6taland Region, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeanette","family":"Mooney","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Manchester, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Philip","family":"Eyres","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Manchester, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"William","family":"Shaw","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Manchester, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gunvor","family":"Semb","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Manchester, UK"},{"name":"Oral Health Centre of Expertise\/Western Norway, Bergen, Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"2019100504063185700_CIT0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1080\/2000656X.2016.1263202","article-title":"A Scandcleft randomised trials of primary surgery for unilateral cleft lip and palate: 1. 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