{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T12:11:11Z","timestamp":1792671071582,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":71,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"21","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1999,11,1]],"date-time":"1999-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":941414400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[1999,11,1]],"date-time":"1999-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":941414400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["EMBO J"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1999,11,1]]},"DOI":"10.1093\/emboj\/18.21.6119","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,7,26]],"date-time":"2002-07-26T18:47:12Z","timestamp":1027709232000},"page":"6119-6133","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":175,"title":["Functional interaction of a novel 15.5kD[U4\/U6\u00b7U5] tri\u2010snRNP protein with the5\u2032 stem\u2013loop of U4 snRNA"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Stephanie","family":"Nottrott","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Klaus","family":"Hartmuth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patrizia","family":"Fabrizio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Henning","family":"Urlaub","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ivan","family":"Vidovic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ralf","family":"Ficner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Reinhard","family":"L\u00fchrmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1999,11,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"BFEMBJ7592014_CR1","first-page":"1143","volume":"3","author":"JG Anthony","year":"1997","unstructured":"Anthony JG, Weidenhammer EM and Woolford JL,Jr (1997) The yeast Prp3 protein is a U4\/U6 snRNP protein necessary for integrity of the U4\/U6 snRNP and the U4\/U6.U5 tri\u2010snRNP. RNA, 3, 1143\u20131152.","journal-title":"RNA"},{"key":"BFEMBJ7592014_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"673","DOI":"10.1006\/jmbi.1998.2183","volume":"284","author":"L Ayadi","year":"1998","unstructured":"Ayadi L, Callebaut I, Saguez C, Villa T, Mornon JP and Banroques J (1998) Functional and structural characterization of the Prp3 binding domain of the yeast Prp4 splicing factor. J Mol Biol, 284, 673\u2013687.","journal-title":"J Mol Biol"},{"key":"BFEMBJ7592014_CR3","first-page":"3710","volume":"9","author":"J Banroques","year":"1989","unstructured":"Banroques J and Abelson JN (1989) PRP4: a protein of the yeast U4\/U6 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein particle. Mol Cell Biol, 9, 3710\u20133719.","journal-title":"Mol Cell Biol"},{"key":"BFEMBJ7592014_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8229","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.90.17.8229","volume":"90","author":"SE Behrens","year":"1993","unstructured":"Behrens SE, Galisson F, Legrain P and L\u00fchrmann R (1993) Evidence that the 60\u2010kD protein of 17S U2 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein is immunologically and functionally related to the yeast PRP9 splicing factor and is required for the efficient formation of prespliceosomes. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 90, 8229\u20138233.","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"BFEMBJ7592014_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"697","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(86)90345-4","volume":"46","author":"DL Black","year":"1986","unstructured":"Black DL and Steitz JA (1986) Pre\u2010mRNA splicing in vitro requires intact U4\/U6 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein. Cell, 46, 697\u2013704.","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"BFEMBJ7592014_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1185","DOI":"10.1101\/gad.4.7.1185","volume":"4","author":"R Bordonn\u00e9","year":"1990","unstructured":"Bordonn\u00e9 R, Banroques J, Abelson J and Guthrie C (1990) Domains of yeast U4 spliceosomal RNA required for PRP4 protein binding, snRNP\u2013snRNP interactions and pre\u2010mRNA splicing in vivo. Genes Dev, 4, 1185\u20131196.","journal-title":"Genes Dev"},{"key":"BFEMBJ7592014_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1129","DOI":"10.1002\/j.1460-2075.1983.tb01557.x","volume":"2","author":"P Bringmann","year":"1983","unstructured":"Bringmann P, Rinke J, Appel B, Reuter R and L\u00fchrmann R (1983) Purification of snRNPs U1, U2, U4, U5 and U6 with 2,2,7\u2010trimethylguanosine\u2010specific antibody and definition of their constituent proteins reacting with anti\u2010Sm and anti\u2010(U1)RNP antisera. EMBO J, 2, 1129\u20131135.","journal-title":"EMBO J"},{"key":"BFEMBJ7592014_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1357","DOI":"10.1002\/j.1460-2075.1984.tb01977.x","volume":"3","author":"P Bringmann","year":"1984","unstructured":"Bringmann P, Appel B, Rinke J, Reuter R, Theissen H and L\u00fchrmann R (1984) Evidence for the existence of snRNAs U4 and U6 in a single ribonucleoprotein complex and for their association by intermolecular base pairing. EMBO J, 3, 1357\u20131363.","journal-title":"EMBO J"},{"key":"BFEMBJ7592014_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1038\/334213a0","volume":"334","author":"DA Brow","year":"1988","unstructured":"Brow DA and Guthrie C (1988) Spliceosomal RNA U6 is remarkably conserved from yeast to mammals. Nature, 334, 213\u2013218.","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"BFEMBJ7592014_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1038\/337014a0","volume":"337","author":"DA Brow","year":"1989","unstructured":"Brow DA and Guthrie C (1989) Splicing a spliceosomal RNA. Nature, 337, 14\u201315.","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"BFEMBJ7592014_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"615","DOI":"10.1126\/science.8036511","volume":"265","author":"CG Burd","year":"1994","unstructured":"Burd CG and Dreyfuss G (1994) Conserved structures and diversity of functions of RNA\u2010binding proteins. Science, 265, 615\u2013621.","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"BFEMBJ7592014_CR12","first-page":"525","volume-title":"The RNA World","author":"CB Burge","year":"1999","unstructured":"Burge CB, Tuschl T and Sharp PA (1999) Splicing of precursors to mRNAs by the spliceosome. In Gesteland,R.F., Cech,T.R. and Atkins,J.F. (eds), The RNA World. 2nd edn. Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, pp. 525\u2013560.","edition":"2nd"},{"key":"BFEMBJ7592014_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1355","DOI":"10.1021\/bi00458a001","volume":"29","author":"DW Celander","year":"1990","unstructured":"Celander DW and Cech TC (1990) Iron (II)\u2010ethylene\u2010diamine\u2010 tetraacetic acid catalysed cleavage of RNA and DNA oligonucleotides: similar reactivity towards single\u2010 and double\u2010stranded forms. Biochemistry, 29, 1355\u20131361.","journal-title":"Biochemistry"},{"key":"BFEMBJ7592014_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1016\/S0959-440X(99)80009-8","volume":"9","author":"S Cusack","year":"1999","unstructured":"Cusack S (1999) RNA\u2013protein complexes. Curr Opin Struct Biol, 9, 53\u201361.","journal-title":"Curr Opin Struct Biol"},{"key":"BFEMBJ7592014_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"821","DOI":"10.1038\/352821a0","volume":"352","author":"B Datta","year":"1991","unstructured":"Datta B and Weiner AM (1991) Genetic evidence for base pairing between U2 and U6 snRNA in mammalian mRNA splicing. Nature, 352, 821\u2013824.","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"BFEMBJ7592014_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1475","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/11.5.1475","volume":"11","author":"JD Dignam","year":"1983","unstructured":"Dignam JD, Lebovitz RM and Roeder RG (1983) Accurate transcription initiation by RNA polymerase II in a soluble extract from isolated mammalian nuclei. Nucleic Acids Res, 11, 1475\u20131489.","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res"},{"key":"BFEMBJ7592014_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"797","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(91)90387-E","volume":"31","author":"FJ Eng","year":"1991","unstructured":"Eng FJ and Warner JR (1991) Structural basis for the regulation of splicing of a yeast messenger RNA. Cell, 31, 797\u2013804.","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"BFEMBJ7592014_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"404","DOI":"10.1126\/science.2145630","volume":"250","author":"P Fabrizio","year":"1990","unstructured":"Fabrizio P and Abelson J (1990) Two domains of yeast U6 small nuclear RNA required for both steps of nuclear precursor messenger RNA splicing. Science, 250, 404\u2013409.","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"BFEMBJ7592014_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4535","DOI":"10.1093\/emboj\/18.16.4535","volume":"18","author":"A Gottschalk","year":"1999","unstructured":"Gottschalk A, Neubauer G, Banroques J, Mann M, L\u00fchrmann R and Fabrizio P (1999) Identification by mass spectrometry and functional analysis of novel proteins of the yeast [U4\/U6\u00b7U5] tri\u2010snRNP. EMBO J, 18, 4535\u20134548.","journal-title":"EMBO J"},{"key":"BFEMBJ7592014_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"387","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.ge.22.120188.002131","volume":"22","author":"C Guthrie","year":"1988","unstructured":"Guthrie C and Patterson B (1988) Spliceosomal snRNAs. Annu Rev Genet, 22, 387\u2013419.","journal-title":"Annu Rev Genet"},{"key":"BFEMBJ7592014_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1006\/jmbi.1998.2300","volume":"285","author":"K Hartmuth","year":"1999","unstructured":"Hartmuth K, Raker VA, Huber J, Branlant C and L\u00fchrmann R (1999) An unusual chemical reactivity of Sm site adenosines strongly correlates with proper assembly of core U snRNP particles. J Mol Biol, 285, 133\u2013147.","journal-title":"J Mol Biol"},{"key":"BFEMBJ7592014_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3283","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/12.7.3283","volume":"12","author":"C Hashimoto","year":"1984","unstructured":"Hashimoto C and Steitz JA (1984) U4 and U6 RNAs coexist in a single small nuclear ribonucleoprotein particle. Nucleic Acids Res, 12, 3283\u20133293.","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res"},{"key":"BFEMBJ7592014_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7078","DOI":"10.1093\/emboj\/17.23.7078","volume":"17","author":"A Henras","year":"1998","unstructured":"Henras A, Henry Y, Bousquet\u2010Antonelli C, Noaillac\u2010Depeyre J, G\u00e9lugne JP and Caizergues\u2010Ferrer M (1998) Nhp2p and Nop10p are essential for the function of H\/ACA snoRNPs. EMBO J, 17, 7078\u20137090.","journal-title":"EMBO J"},{"key":"BFEMBJ7592014_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1016\/0378-1119(88)90330-7","volume":"73","author":"DG Higgins","year":"1988","unstructured":"Higgins DG and Sharp PM (1988) Clustal: a package for performing multiple sequence alignment on a microcomputer. Gene, 73, 237\u2013244.","journal-title":"Gene"},{"key":"BFEMBJ7592014_CR25","first-page":"1374","volume":"3","author":"DS Horowitz","year":"1997","unstructured":"Horowitz DS, Kobayashi R and Krainer AR (1997) A new cyclophilin and the human homologues of yeast Prp3 and Prp4 form a complex associated with U4\/U6 snRNPs. RNA, 3, 1374\u20131387.","journal-title":"RNA"},{"key":"BFEMBJ7592014_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1274","DOI":"10.1128\/MCB.15.3.1274","volume":"15","author":"J Hu","year":"1995","unstructured":"Hu J, Xu D, Schappert K, Xu Y and Friesen JD (1995) Mutational analysis of Saccharomyces cerevisiae U4 small nuclear RNA identifies functionally important domains. Mol Cell Biol, 15, 1274\u20131285.","journal-title":"Mol Cell Biol"},{"key":"BFEMBJ7592014_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7851","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.89.17.7851","volume":"89","author":"A H\u00fcttenhofer","year":"1992","unstructured":"H\u00fcttenhofer A and Noller HF (1992) Hydroxyl radical cleavage of tRNA in the ribosomal P site. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 89, 7851\u20137855.","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"BFEMBJ7592014_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"709","DOI":"10.1017\/S1355838298980207","volume":"4","author":"R Incorvaia","year":"1998","unstructured":"Incorvaia R and Padgett RA (1998) Base pairing with U6atac snRNA is required for 5\u2032 splice site activation of U12\u2010dependent introns in vivo. RNA, 4, 709\u2013718.","journal-title":"RNA"},{"key":"BFEMBJ7592014_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2035","DOI":"10.1126\/science.8266100","volume":"262","author":"S Kandels\u2010Lewis","year":"1993","unstructured":"Kandels\u2010Lewis S and S\u00e9raphin B (1993) Involvement of U6 snRNA in 5\u2032 splice site selection. Science, 262, 2035\u20132039.","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"BFEMBJ7592014_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2166","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/22.11.2166","volume":"22","author":"EV Koonin","year":"1994","unstructured":"Koonin EV, Bork P and Sander C (1994) A novel RNA\u2010binding motif in omnipotent suppressors of translation termination, ribosomal proteins and a ribosome modification enzyme? Nucleic Acids Res, 22, 2166\u20132167.","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res"},{"key":"BFEMBJ7592014_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"868","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/24.5.868","volume":"24","author":"B Laggerbauer","year":"1996","unstructured":"Laggerbauer B, Lauber J and L\u00fchrmann R (1996) Identification of an RNA\u2010dependent ATPase activity in mammalian U5 snRNPs. Nucleic Acids Res, 24, 868\u2013875.","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res"},{"key":"BFEMBJ7592014_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"411","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.85.2.411","volume":"85","author":"AI Lamond","year":"1988","unstructured":"Lamond AI, Konarska MM, Grabowski PJ and Sharp PA (1988) Spliceosome assembly involves the binding and release of U4 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 85, 411\u2013415.","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"BFEMBJ7592014_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4001","DOI":"10.1002\/j.1460-2075.1996.tb00774.x","volume":"15","author":"J Lauber","year":"1996","unstructured":"Lauber J, Fabrizio P, Teigelkamp S, Lane WS, Hartmann E and L\u00fchrmann R (1996) The HeLa 200kD U5 snRNP\u2010specific protein and its homologue in Saccharomyces cerevisiae are members of the DEXH\u2010box protein family of putative RNA helicases. EMBO J, 15, 4001\u20134015.","journal-title":"EMBO J"},{"key":"BFEMBJ7592014_CR34","first-page":"926","volume":"3","author":"J Lauber","year":"1997","unstructured":"Lauber J, Plessel G, Prehn S, Will CL, Fabrizio P, Gr\u00f6ning K, Lane WS and L\u00fchrmann R (1997) The human U4\/U6 snRNP contains 60 and 90kD proteins that are structurally homologous to the yeast splicing factors Prp4p and Prp3p. RNA, 3, 926\u2013941.","journal-title":"RNA"},{"key":"BFEMBJ7592014_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"400","DOI":"10.1126\/science.6164096","volume":"211","author":"MR Lerner","year":"1981","unstructured":"Lerner MR, Boyle JA, Hardin JA and Steitz JA (1981) Two novel classes of small ribonucleoproteins detected by antibodies associated with lupus erythematosus. Science, 211, 400\u2013402.","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"BFEMBJ7592014_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1982","DOI":"10.1126\/science.8266093","volume":"262","author":"CF Lesser","year":"1993","unstructured":"Lesser CF and Guthrie C (1993) Mutations in U6 snRNA that alter splice site specificity: implications for the active site. Science, 262, 1982\u20131988.","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"BFEMBJ7592014_CR37","first-page":"245","volume":"3","author":"H Li","year":"1997","unstructured":"Li H and White SA (1997) RNA apatamers for yeast ribosomal protein L32 have a conserved purine\u2010rich internal loop. RNA, 3, 245\u2013254.","journal-title":"RNA"},{"key":"BFEMBJ7592014_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"447","DOI":"10.1006\/jmbi.1995.0389","volume":"250","author":"H Li","year":"1995","unstructured":"Li H, Dalal S, Kohler J, Vilardell J and White SA (1995) Characterization of the pre\u2010mRNA binding site for yeast ribosomal protein L32: the importance of a purine\u2010rich internal loop. J Mol Biol, 250, 447\u2013459.","journal-title":"J Mol Biol"},{"key":"BFEMBJ7592014_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"803","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(92)90556-R","volume":"71","author":"HD Madhani","year":"1992","unstructured":"Madhani HD and Guthrie C (1992) A novel base\u2010pairing interaction between U2 and U6 snRNAs suggests a mechanism for the catalytic activation of the spliceosome. Cell, 71, 803\u2013817.","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"BFEMBJ7592014_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.ge.28.120194.000245","volume":"28","author":"HD Madhani","year":"1994","unstructured":"Madhani HD and Guthrie C (1994) Dynamic RNA\u2013RNA interactions in the spliceosome. Annu Rev Genet, 28, 1\u201326.","journal-title":"Annu Rev Genet"},{"key":"BFEMBJ7592014_CR41","first-page":"175","volume-title":"RNA Structure and Function","author":"F Michel","year":"1998","unstructured":"Michel F and Costa M (1998) Inferring RNA structure by phylogentic and genetic analyses. In Simons,R.W. and Grunberg\u2010Manago,M. (eds), RNA Structure and Function. Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, pp. 175\u2013202."},{"key":"BFEMBJ7592014_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1016\/S1097-2765(00)80027-1","volume":"1","author":"J Mogridge","year":"1998","unstructured":"Mogridge J, Legault P, Li J, Van Oene MD, Kay LE and Greenblatt J (1998) Independent ligand\u2010induced folding of the RNA\u2010binding domain and two functionally distinct antitermination regions in the phage \u03bbN protein. Mol Cell, 1, 265\u2013275.","journal-title":"Mol Cell"},{"key":"BFEMBJ7592014_CR43","first-page":"303","volume-title":"The RNA World","author":"MJ Moore","year":"1993","unstructured":"Moore MJ, Query CC and Sharp PA (1993) Splicing of precursors to mRNA by the spliceosome. In Gesteland,R.F. and Atkins,J.F. (eds), The RNA World. Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, pp. 303\u2013357."},{"key":"BFEMBJ7592014_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1016\/0300-9084(91)90069-D","volume":"73","author":"E Myslinski","year":"1991","unstructured":"Myslinski E and Branlant C (1991) A phylogenetic study of U4 snRNA reveals the existence of an evolutionarily conserved secondary structure corresponding to \u2018free\u2019 U4 snRNA. Biochimie, 73, 17\u201328.","journal-title":"Biochimie"},{"key":"BFEMBJ7592014_CR45","first-page":"279","volume-title":"RNA Structure and Function","author":"TW Nilsen","year":"1998","unstructured":"Nilsen TW (1998) RNA\u2013RNA interactions in nuclear pre\u2010mRNA splicing. In Simons,R.W. and Grunberg\u2010Manago,M. (eds), RNA Structure and Function. Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, pp. 279\u2013307."},{"key":"BFEMBJ7592014_CR46","first-page":"3698","volume":"9","author":"SP Peterson\u2010Bj\u00f8rn","year":"1989","unstructured":"Peterson\u2010Bj\u00f8rn SP, Soltyk A, Beggs JD and Friesen JD (1989) PRP4 (RNA4) from Saccharomyces cerevisiae: its gene product is associated with the U4\/U6 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein particle. Mol Cell Biol, 9, 3698\u20133709.","journal-title":"Mol Cell Biol"},{"key":"BFEMBJ7592014_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"721","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-2836(85)90057-9","volume":"185","author":"J Rinke","year":"1985","unstructured":"Rinke J, Appel B, Digweed M and L\u00fchrmann R (1985) Localization of a base\u2010paired interaction between small nuclear RNAs U4 and U6 in intact U4\/U6 ribonucleoprotein particles by psoralen cross\u2010linking. J Mol Biol, 185, 721\u2013731.","journal-title":"J Mol Biol"},{"key":"BFEMBJ7592014_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"567","DOI":"10.1080\/07391102.1997.10508157","volume":"14","author":"PV Sahasrabudhe","year":"1997","unstructured":"Sahasrabudhe PV, Sun J and Gmeiner WH (1997) The 5\u2032 stem\u2013loop from human U4 snRNA adopts a novel conformation stabilized by G\u2013C and G\u2013U base pairs. J Biomol Struct Dyn, 14, 567\u2013577.","journal-title":"J Biomol Struct Dyn"},{"key":"BFEMBJ7592014_CR49","first-page":"191","volume":"72","author":"H Saito","year":"1996","unstructured":"Saito H, Fujiwara T, Shin S, Okui K and Nakamura Y (1996) Cloning and mapping of a human novel cDNA (NHP2L1) that encodes a protein highly homologous to yeast nuclear protein NHP2. Cytogenet Cell Genet, 72, 191\u2013193.","journal-title":"Cytogenet Cell Genet"},{"key":"BFEMBJ7592014_CR50","volume-title":"Molecular Cloning: A Laboratory Manual","author":"J Sambrook","year":"1989","unstructured":"Sambrook J, Fritsch E and Maniatis T (1989) Molecular Cloning: A Laboratory Manual. Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, Cold Spring Harbor, NY."},{"key":"BFEMBJ7592014_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11269","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.89.23.11269","volume":"89","author":"H Sawa","year":"1992","unstructured":"Sawa H and Abelson J (1992) Evidence for a base\u2010pairing interaction between U6 small nuclear RNA and 5\u2032 splice site during the splicing reaction in yeast. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 89, 11269\u201311273.","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"BFEMBJ7592014_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"368","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-2697(87)90587-2","volume":"166","author":"H Sch\u00e4gger","year":"1987","unstructured":"Sch\u00e4gger H and von Jagow G (1987) Tricine\u2013sodium dodecyl sulfate\u2013polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis for the separation of proteins in the range from 1 to 100kD. Anal Biochem, 166, 368\u2013379.","journal-title":"Anal Biochem"},{"key":"BFEMBJ7592014_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1989","DOI":"10.1126\/science.8266094","volume":"262","author":"EJ Sontheimer","year":"1993","unstructured":"Sontheimer EJ and Steitz JA (1993) The U5 and U6 small nuclear RNAs as active site components of the spliceosome. Science, 262, 1989\u20131996.","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"BFEMBJ7592014_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1016\/S0092-8674(00)80925-3","volume":"92","author":"JP Staley","year":"1998","unstructured":"Staley JP and Guthrie C (1998) Mechanical devices of the spliceosome: motors, clocks, springs and things. Cell, 92, 315\u2013326.","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"BFEMBJ7592014_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7226","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.96.13.7226","volume":"96","author":"SW Stevens","year":"1999","unstructured":"Stevens SW and Abelson J (1999) Purification of the yeast U4\/U6\u00b7U5 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein particle and identification of its proteins. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 96, 7226\u20137231.","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"BFEMBJ7592014_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"843","DOI":"10.1101\/gad.9.7.843","volume":"9","author":"JS Sun","year":"1995","unstructured":"Sun JS and Manley JL (1995) A novel U2\u2013U6 snRNA structure is necessary for mammalian mRNA splicing. Genes Dev, 9, 843\u2013854.","journal-title":"Genes Dev"},{"key":"BFEMBJ7592014_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1824","DOI":"10.1126\/science.273.5283.1824","volume":"273","author":"WY Tarn","year":"1996","unstructured":"Tarn WY and Steitz JA (1996) Highly diverged U4 and U6 small nuclear RNAs required for splicing rare AT\u2013AC introns. Science, 273, 1824\u20131832.","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"BFEMBJ7592014_CR58","first-page":"127","volume":"4","author":"S Teigelkamp","year":"1998","unstructured":"Teigelkamp S, Achsel T, Mundt C, Gothel SF, Cronshagen U, Lane WS, Marahiel M and L\u00fchrmann R (1998) The 20kD protein of human [U4\/U6\u00b7U5] tri\u2010snRNPs is a novel cyclophilin that forms a complex with the U4\/U6\u2010specific 60kD and 90kD proteins. RNA, 4, 127\u2013141.","journal-title":"RNA"},{"key":"BFEMBJ7592014_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.1002\/j.1460-2075.1992.tb05056.x","volume":"11","author":"P Vankan","year":"1992","unstructured":"Vankan P, McGuigan C and Mattaj IW (1992) Roles of U4 and U6 snRNAs in the assembly of splicing complexes. EMBO J, 11, 335\u2013343.","journal-title":"EMBO J"},{"key":"BFEMBJ7592014_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1959","DOI":"10.1128\/MCB.17.4.1959","volume":"17","author":"J Vilardell","year":"1997","unstructured":"Vilardell J and Warner JR (1997) Ribosomal protein L32 of Saccharomyces cerevisiae influences both the splicing of its own transcript and the processing of rRNA. Mol Cell Biol, 17, 1959\u20131965.","journal-title":"Mol Cell Biol"},{"key":"BFEMBJ7592014_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1549","DOI":"10.1017\/S1355838298980761","volume":"4","author":"NJ Watkins","year":"1998","unstructured":"Watkins NJ, Gottschalk A, Neubauer G, Kastner B, Fabrizio P, Mann M and L\u00fchrmann R (1998) Cbf5p, a potential pseudouridine synthase and Nhp2p, a putative RNA\u2010binding protein, are present together with Gar1p in all H BOX\/ACA\u2010motif snoRNPs and constitute a common bipartite structure. RNA, 4, 1549\u20131568.","journal-title":"RNA"},{"key":"BFEMBJ7592014_CR62","first-page":"1460","volume":"12","author":"C Wersig","year":"1992","unstructured":"Wersig C and Bindereif A (1992) Reconstitution of functional mammalian U4 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein: Sm protein binding is not essential for splicing in vitro. Mol Cell Biol, 12, 1460\u20131468.","journal-title":"Mol Cell Biol"},{"key":"BFEMBJ7592014_CR63","first-page":"226","volume":"2","author":"SA White","year":"1996","unstructured":"White SA and Li H (1996) Yeast ribosomal protein L32 recognises an RNA G:U juxtaposition. RNA, 2, 226\u2013234.","journal-title":"RNA"},{"key":"BFEMBJ7592014_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"130","DOI":"10.1093\/oso\/9780199634187.003.0005","volume-title":"Eukaryotic mRNA Processing","author":"CL Will","year":"1997","unstructured":"Will CL and L\u00fchrmann R (1997) snRNP structure and function. In Krainer,A.R. (ed.), Eukaryotic mRNA Processing. IRL Press at Oxford University Press, Oxford, UK, pp. 130\u2013173."},{"key":"BFEMBJ7592014_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4614","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/24.23.4614","volume":"24","author":"CL Will","year":"1996","unstructured":"Will CL, R\u00fcmpler S, Klein Gunnewiek J, van Venrooij WJ and L\u00fchrmann R (1996) In vitro reconstitution of mammalian U1 snRNPs active in splicing: the U1\u2010C protein enhances the formation of early (E) spliceosomal complexes. Nucleic Acids Res, 24, 4614\u20134623.","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res"},{"key":"BFEMBJ7592014_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"818","DOI":"10.1038\/352818a0","volume":"352","author":"JA Wu","year":"1991","unstructured":"Wu JA and Manley JL (1991) Base pairing between U2 and U6 snRNAs is necessary for splicing of a mammalian pre\u2010mRNA. Nature, 352, 818\u2013821.","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"BFEMBJ7592014_CR67","first-page":"1217","volume":"10","author":"Y Xu","year":"1990","unstructured":"Xu Y, Petersen\u2010Bj\u00f8rn S and Friesen JD (1990) The PRP4 (RNA4) protein of Saccharomyces cerevisiae is associated with the 5\u2032 portion of the U4 small nuclear RNA. Mol Cell Biol, 10, 1217\u20131225.","journal-title":"Mol Cell Biol"},{"key":"BFEMBJ7592014_CR68","first-page":"5571","volume":"11","author":"SL Yean","year":"1991","unstructured":"Yean SL and Lin RJ (1991) U4 small nuclear RNA dissociates from a yeast spliceosome and does not participate in the subsequent splicing reaction. Mol Cell Biol, 11, 5571\u20135577.","journal-title":"Mol Cell Biol"},{"key":"BFEMBJ7592014_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6030","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.94.12.6030","volume":"94","author":"YT Yu","year":"1997","unstructured":"Yu YT and Steitz JA (1997) Site\u2010specific crosslinking of mammalian U11 and U6atac to the 5\u2032 splice site of an AT\u2013AC intron. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 94, 6030\u20136035.","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"BFEMBJ7592014_CR70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1016\/S1097-2765(00)80009-X","volume":"1","author":"N Zheng","year":"1997","unstructured":"Zheng N and Gierasch LM (1997) Domain interactions in E.coli SRP: stabilization of M domain by RNA is required for effective signal sequence modulation of NG domain. Mol Cell, 1, 79\u201387.","journal-title":"Mol Cell"},{"key":"BFEMBJ7592014_CR71","first-page":"814","volume":"8","author":"M Zillmann","year":"1988","unstructured":"Zillmann M, Zapp ML and Berget SM (1988) Gel electrophoretic isolation of splicing complexes containing U1 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein particles. Mol Cell Biol, 8, 814\u2013821.","journal-title":"Mol Cell Biol"}],"container-title":["The EMBO Journal"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1093%2Femboj%2F18.21.6119","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1093\/emboj\/18.21.6119.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1093\/emboj\/18.21.6119\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full\/10.1093\/emboj\/18.21.6119","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1093\/emboj\/18.21.6119.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,20]],"date-time":"2026-05-20T18:20:25Z","timestamp":1779301225000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1093\/emboj\/18.21.6119"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1999,11,1]]},"references-count":71,"journal-issue":{"issue":"21","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1999,11,1]]}},"alternative-id":["BFEMBJ7592014"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/emboj\/18.21.6119","relation":{},"ISSN":["0261-4189","1460-2075"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0261-4189","type":"print"},{"value":"1460-2075","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1999,11,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"10 June 1999","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"7 September 1999","order":2,"name":"revised","label":"Revised","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"7 September 1999","order":3,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"1 November 1999","order":4,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"This content has been made available to all.","name":"free","label":"Free to read"}]}}