{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T17:50:13Z","timestamp":1788285013308,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":5,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,19]],"date-time":"2026-02-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1771459200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"University Medical Centre Ljubljana","award":["TP20190093"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["TP20190093"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Patients with first-degree atrioventricular (AV) block and mechanical AV dyssynchrony can present with heart failure (HF)-like symptoms. AV-optimized conduction system pacing (CSP) can improve haemodynamics and symptoms, but selection criteria remain uncertain. We aimed to identify electrocardiographic and echocardiographic predictors of an acute haemodynamic response to AV-optimized CSP in symptomatic first-degree AV block.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods and Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Nineteen patients (mean age 60.5 \u00b1 21.1 years; 37% female) with symptomatic first-degree AV block underwent baseline electrocardiography and echocardiography followed by AV-optimized conduction system pacing and repeat echocardiographic assessment. Electrocardiographic parameters (PR interval, P wave duration\/PR interval ratio) and echocardiographic indices (E\/A wave confluence, A-Q interval, and DFT\/RR ratio) were tested for association with change in left ventricular stroke volume (LVSV).<\/jats:p>\n                    <jats:p>The mean PR interval was 395 \u00b1 61\u2005ms, the mean A-Q interval 155 \u00b1 65\u2005ms, and the mean DFT\/RR ratio 0.34 \u00b1 0.1. E\/A wave confluence was present in 15 patients (79%). AV-optimized pacing increased LVSV by 7.8 \u00b1 3.9\u2005ml, corresponding to an 11.8 \u00b1 5.7% relative increase (P &amp;lt; .01). Echocardiographic parameters were associated with LVSV response, including A-Q interval (r = 0.63, P = .004), DFT\/RR ratio (r = \u22120.59, P = .008), and E\/A wave confluence (r = 0.57, P = .01). Electrocardiographic parameters were not associated with LVSV change.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Echocardiographically assessed mechanical AV dyssynchrony, rather than electrocardiographic parameters, is associated with an acute haemodynamic response to pacing. Echocardiographic evaluation may help identify patients with prolonged PR interval who could benefit from AV-optimized CSP.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/eschf\/xvag060","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,19]],"date-time":"2026-02-19T08:37:17Z","timestamp":1771490237000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Predictors of stroke volume improvement with AV-optimized conduction system pacing in patients with AV dromotropathy"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Anja","family":"Zupan Me\u017enar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana , Vrazov trg 2, 1000 Ljubljana ,","place":["Slovenia"]},{"name":"Department of Cardiology, University Medical Centre Ljubljana , Zalo\u0161ka 2, 1000 Ljubljana ,","place":["Slovenia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tadej","family":"\u017dlahti\u010d","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, University Medical Centre Ljubljana , Zalo\u0161ka 2, 1000 Ljubljana ,","place":["Slovenia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Miha","family":"Mrak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana , Vrazov trg 2, 1000 Ljubljana ,","place":["Slovenia"]},{"name":"Department of Cardiology, University Medical Centre Ljubljana , Zalo\u0161ka 2, 1000 Ljubljana ,","place":["Slovenia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maja","family":"Ivanovski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, University Medical Centre Ljubljana , Zalo\u0161ka 2, 1000 Ljubljana ,","place":["Slovenia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5029-3989","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"David","family":"\u017di\u017eek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana , Vrazov trg 2, 1000 Ljubljana ,","place":["Slovenia"]},{"name":"Department of Cardiology, University Medical Centre Ljubljana , Zalo\u0161ka 2, 1000 Ljubljana ,","place":["Slovenia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026030402062004800_xvag060-B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1067","DOI":"10.1093\/europace\/eux207","article-title":"Atrioventricular dromotropathy: evidence for a distinctive entity in heart failure with prolonged PR interval","volume":"20","author":"Salden","year":"2018","journal-title":"Europace"},{"key":"2026030402062004800_xvag060-B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1340","DOI":"10.1111\/jce.16268","article-title":"AV-optimized conduction system pacing for treatment of AV dromotropathy: a randomized, cross-over study","volume":"35","author":"Zupan Me\u017enar","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol"},{"key":"2026030402062004800_xvag060-B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"274","DOI":"10.1002\/ejhf.2736","article-title":"Effects of haemodynamically atrio-ventricular optimized His bundle pacing on heart failure symptoms and exercise capacity: the His Optimized Pacing Evaluated for Heart Failure (HOPE-HF) randomized, double-blind, cross-over trial","volume":"25","author":"Whinnett","year":"2023","journal-title":"Eur J Heart Fail"},{"key":"2026030402062004800_xvag060-B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2261","DOI":"10.1002\/ejhf.3367","article-title":"Predictors of the efficacy of His bundle pacing in patients with a prolonged PR interval: a stratified analysis of the HOPE-HF randomized controlled trial","volume":"26","author":"Keene","year":"2024","journal-title":"Eur J Heart Fail"},{"key":"2026030402062004800_xvag060-B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2620","DOI":"10.1002\/ejhf.3490","article-title":"Letter regarding the article \u2018predictors of the efficacy of His bundle pacing in patients with a prolonged PR interval: a stratified analysis of the HOPE-HF randomized controlled trial\u2019","volume":"26","author":"Zupan Me\u017enar","year":"2024","journal-title":"Eur J Heart Fail"}],"container-title":["ESC Heart Failure"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/eschf\/advance-article-pdf\/doi\/10.1093\/eschf\/xvag060\/66988689\/xvag060.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/eschf\/article-pdf\/13\/2\/xvag060\/66988689\/xvag060.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/eschf\/article-pdf\/13\/2\/xvag060\/66988689\/xvag060.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,4]],"date-time":"2026-03-04T07:06:26Z","timestamp":1772607986000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/eschf\/article\/doi\/10.1093\/eschf\/xvag060\/8490211"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,19]]},"references-count":5,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,19]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,3]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/eschf\/xvag060","relation":{},"ISSN":["2055-5822"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2055-5822","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,19]]},"article-number":"xvag060"}}