{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,17]],"date-time":"2026-02-17T18:12:24Z","timestamp":1771351944320,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,17]],"date-time":"2026-02-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1771286400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":47,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Identification of factors associated with haematoma expansion (HE) in patients with primary intracerebral haemorrhage (ICH) is crucial for optimization of management and therapeutic strategies. We investigated whether such factors differed according to supratentorial ICH location, comparing deep versus lobar ICH.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Retrospective analysis of patients with primary ICH admitted at nine sites. HE was defined as growth \u22656\u00a0mL and\/or \u226533% from baseline to follow-up imaging. We evaluated independent associations using multivariable logistic regression models adjusted for age, sex, baseline haematoma volume, anticoagulants and antiplatelets use and other relevant confounders identified in univariate analyses.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 1768 patients were included (mean age 70\u00a0years, 56% males) of whom 1020 (58%) had deep and 748 (42%) had lobar ICH; HE occurred in 531 (30%) patients (28% deep and 33% lobar ICH). Age and baseline haematoma volume were shared predictors of HE in lobar and deep ICH. Anticoagulant use (OR\u00a0=\u00a01.61;95%, 1.04\u20132.50) and lower Glasgow Come Scale (OR\u00a0=\u00a00.91;95%CI, 0.85\u20130.96) were associated with HE only in lobar ICH, whereas the associations between systolic blood pressure &amp;gt;140\u00a0mmHg (OR\u00a0=\u00a01.53;95%CI, 1.03\u20132.29) and presentation before 3\u00a0h from onset (OR\u00a0=\u00a01.40;95%CI, 1.02\u20131.92) and HE were observed only in patients with deep ICH.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Some factors associated with HE were shared between deep and lobar ICH whereas others appeared to be location-specific. Our findings may reflect differences in the pathophysiology of HE according to ICH location and might improve the stratification of HE risk in clinical practice or randomized trials.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/esj\/aakag002","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,17]],"date-time":"2026-02-17T17:37:49Z","timestamp":1771349869000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Factors associated with hematoma expansion in deep versus lobar intracerebral haemorrhage: a multicentre observational study"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Francesco","family":"Arba","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Stroke Unit, Careggi University Hospital , Florence ,","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jawed","family":"Nawabi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuroradiology, Charit\u00e9 - Universit\u00e4tsmedizin Berlin, Campus Mitte, Humboldt-Universit\u00e4t zu Berlin, Freie Universit\u00e4t Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health , Berlin ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9144-148X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Qi","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andrea","family":"Dell\u2019Orco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuroradiology, Charit\u00e9 - Universit\u00e4tsmedizin Berlin, Campus Mitte, Humboldt-Universit\u00e4t zu Berlin, Freie Universit\u00e4t Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health , Berlin ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Giovanni","family":"Baronchelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Neurology Unit, University of Brescia , Brescia ,","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Federico","family":"Mazzacane","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Emergency Neurology and Stroke Unit, IRCCS Mondino Foundation , Pavia ,","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7007-6030","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Giorgio","family":"Busto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Experimental and Clinical, Neuroradiology, University of Firenze, Careggi University Hospital , Florence ,","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anna","family":"Cavallini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Emergency Neurology and Stroke Unit, IRCCS Mondino Foundation , Pavia ,","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Francesco","family":"Palmerini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurology Unit, Fondazione Poliambulanza, Istituto Ospedaliero , Brescia ,","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maurizio","family":"Paciaroni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosciences and Rehabilitation, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Ferrara, Arcispedale Sant'Anna \u2013 Cona, University of Ferrara , Ferrara ,","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michele","family":"Laudisi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosciences and Rehabilitation, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Ferrara, Arcispedale Sant'Anna \u2013 Cona, University of Ferrara , Ferrara 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Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, Ospedale Maggiore , Bologna ,","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0609-3044","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stefano","family":"Forlivesi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UOC Neurologia e Rete Stroke Metropolitana, IRCCS Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, Ospedale Maggiore , Bologna ,","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mariarosaria","family":"Valente","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"SOSD Stroke Unit, Department of Head, Neck, Neuroscience, Udine University Hospital , Udine ,","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Giovanni","family":"Merlino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"SOSD Stroke Unit, Department of Head, Neck, Neuroscience, Udine University Hospital , Udine 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