{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,31]],"date-time":"2026-08-31T18:31:22Z","timestamp":1788201082465,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,31]],"date-time":"2026-08-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788134400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":30,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Patient and arteriovenous malformation (AVM) characteristics that portend success after treatment for low-grade brain AVMs remain unknown.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Patients and methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We utilised the MISTA multicentre registry to identify patients with Spetzler\u2013Martin (SM) grade I or II AVMs treated with stand-alone curative-intent intervention (resection, stereotactic radiosurgery [SRS] or endovascular embolisation). Bivariate and multivariable analyses were performed to identify patient and AVM characteristics predictive of complete obliteration or favourable outcome (complete obliteration without new permanent deficit or post-treatment haemorrhage).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 522 patients were included (292 microsurgery, 152 SRS, 78 embolisation). Complete obliteration rates differed between microsurgery (95.9%), SRS (75.0%) and embolisation (71.8%) (P\u00a0&amp;lt;\u00a0.001); among patients classified as cured, digital subtraction angiography (DSA) confirmed obliteration in 96.1%, 75.9% and 52.4%, respectively. Favourable outcome was achieved in 89.4%, 64.5% and 67.9% (P\u00a0&amp;lt;\u00a0.001). In adjusted models for obliteration, elderly age (odds ratio [OR] 0.49, P\u00a0=\u00a0.022), larger nidus (OR 0.64, P\u00a0=\u00a0.005) and compacted morphology (OR 1.93, P\u00a0=\u00a0.019) were independent predictors overall; paediatric age predicted incomplete obliteration after microsurgery (OR 0.05, P\u00a0=\u00a0.045), and elderly age (OR 0.19, P\u00a0=\u00a0.001) and larger nidus (OR 0.59, P\u00a0=\u00a0.015) after SRS. For favourable outcome, SM grade II overall (adjusted OR [aOR] 0.58, P\u00a0=\u00a0.031) and elderly age after SRS (aOR 0.31, P\u00a0=\u00a0.019) were independent negative predictors.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Low-grade AVMs showed high rates of complete obliteration, though DSA-confirmed rates were substantially lower after embolisation, underscoring the importance of angiographic confirmation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The predictors identified in this study may help guide management when 2 or 3 of the primary treatment options carry clinical equipoise.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/esj\/aakag103","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,31]],"date-time":"2026-08-31T17:52:47Z","timestamp":1788198767000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Predictors of complete obliteration and favourable outcome after single-modality treatment for low-grade arteriovenous malformations: a multicentre study"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-2931-4150","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Angelica M","family":"Fuentes","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, University of Virginia , Charlottesville, VA ,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Salem M","family":"Tos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, University of Virginia , Charlottesville, VA ,","place":["United 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