{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,1]],"date-time":"2025-12-01T05:56:08Z","timestamp":1764568568332,"version":"3.46.0"},"reference-count":87,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,28]],"date-time":"2025-08-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1756339200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"funder":[{"name":"University of Z\u00fcrich","award":["31003A_176055"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["31003A_176055"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001711","name":"Swiss National Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001711","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Human-generated pollutants can act in combination to affect the dynamics of nontarget beneficial insect populations. In this study we simulated a natural scenario by exposing five closely related species of temperate sepsid dung flies (Diptera: Sepsidae) to realistically low concentrations of the parasiticide ivermectin during their larval growth stage and subsequently exposing them to the widely used insecticide spinosad during their adult stage. We evaluated the effects of combined pesticides on several life-history traits associated with organismal fitness. The clearest effect of the combined contaminants across all species was a delay of the egg-laying onset, although the most severe effects were observed as dramatic reductions in offspring number in various treatment combinations. As the strongest negative effects of both contaminants in combination were not necessarily at the highest pesticide concentrations, explanations for these non-monotonic dose responses, including hormesis, are provided. Our results suggest that multiple pesticides released in the environment can interact in different ways to affect insects in agricultural landscapes, with consequences for population dynamics and ecosystem functioning.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/etojnl\/vgaf217","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,28]],"date-time":"2025-08-28T16:17:49Z","timestamp":1756397869000},"page":"3492-3503","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Combined ivermectin and spinosad effects on sepsid flies"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"44","author":[{"given":"Natalia","family":"Gourgoulianni","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies, University of Zurich , Z\u00fcrich,","place":["Switzerland"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0713-3944","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wolf U","family":"Blanckenhorn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies, University of Zurich , Z\u00fcrich,","place":["Switzerland"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Daniel","family":"Gonz\u00e1lez-Tokman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Red de Ecoetolog\u00eda, Instituto de Ecolog\u00eda A.C , Xalapa, Veracruz, M\u00e9xico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025120100522084600_vgaf217-B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1914","DOI":"10.1002\/etc.3308","article-title":"Effects of ivermectin application on the diversity and function of dung and soil fauna: Regulatory and scientific background information","volume":"35","author":"Adler","year":"2016","journal-title":"Environmental Toxicology and 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