{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,29]],"date-time":"2026-10-29T08:43:08Z","timestamp":1793263388263,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"40","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,29]],"date-time":"2020-08-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1598659200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Amarin Pharma, Inc"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,21]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Despite the effects of statins in reducing cardiovascular events and slowing progression of coronary atherosclerosis, significant cardiovascular (CV) risk remains. Icosapent ethyl (IPE), a highly purified eicosapentaenoic acid ethyl ester, added to a statin was shown to reduce initial CV events by 25% and total CV events by 32% in the REDUCE-IT trial, with the mechanisms of benefit not yet fully explained. The EVAPORATE trial sought to determine whether IPE 4 g\/day, as an adjunct to diet and statin therapy, would result in a greater change from baseline in plaque volume, measured by serial multidetector computed tomography (MDCT), than placebo in statin-treated patients.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods and results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 80 patients were enrolled in this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Patients had to have coronary atherosclerosis as documented by MDCT (one or more angiographic stenoses with \u226520% narrowing), be on statin therapy, and have persistently elevated triglyceride (TG) levels. Patients underwent an interim scan at 9\u2009months and a final scan at 18\u2009months with coronary computed tomographic angiography. The pre-specified primary endpoint was change in low-attenuation plaque (LAP) volume at 18\u2009months between IPE and placebo groups. Baseline demographics, vitals, and laboratory results were not significantly different between the IPE and placebo groups; the median TG level was 259.1 \u00b1 78.1\u2009mg\/dL. There was a significant reduction in the primary endpoint as IPE reduced LAP plaque volume by 17%, while in the placebo group LAP plaque volume more than doubled (+109%) (P\u2009=\u20090.0061). There were significant differences in rates of progression between IPE and placebo at study end involving other plaque volumes including fibrous, and fibrofatty (FF) plaque volumes which regressed in the IPE group and progressed in the placebo group (P\u2009&amp;lt;\u20090.01 for all). When further adjusted for age, sex, diabetes status, hypertension, and baseline TG, plaque volume changes between groups remained significantly different, P\u2009&amp;lt;\u20090.01. Only dense calcium did not show a significant difference between groups in multivariable modelling (P\u2009=\u20090.053).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Icosapent ethyl demonstrated significant regression of LAP volume on MDCT compared with placebo over 18\u2009months. EVAPORATE provides important mechanistic data on plaque characteristics that may have relevance to the REDUCE-IT results and clinical use of IPE.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehaa652","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,29]],"date-time":"2020-07-29T15:08:06Z","timestamp":1596035286000},"page":"3925-3932","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":416,"title":["Effect of icosapent ethyl on progression of coronary atherosclerosis in patients with elevated triglycerides on statin therapy: final results of the EVAPORATE trial"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"41","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9616-1946","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Matthew J","family":"Budoff","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Lundquist Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center Department of Medicine, , 1124 W Carson Street, Torrance, CA 90502, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1278-6245","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Deepak L","family":"Bhatt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women\u2019s Hospital Heart & Vascular Center and Harvard Medical School , Boston, MA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2720-3508","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"April","family":"Kinninger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Lundquist Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center Department of Medicine, , 1124 W Carson Street, Torrance, CA 90502, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Suvasini","family":"Lakshmanan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Lundquist Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center Department of Medicine, , 1124 W Carson Street, Torrance, CA 90502, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joseph B","family":"Muhlestein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Intermountain Heart Institute, Intermountain Medical Center , Salt Lake City, UT, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6659-5332","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Viet T","family":"Le","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Intermountain Heart Institute, Intermountain Medical Center , Salt Lake City, UT, USA"},{"name":"Department of Medicine, Rocky \u00a0 , Provo, UT, USA"},{"name":"Mountain University of Health Profession \u00a0 , Provo, UT, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7524-5905","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Heidi T","family":"May","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Intermountain Heart Institute, Intermountain Medical Center , Salt Lake City, UT, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kashif","family":"Shaikh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Lundquist Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center Department of Medicine, , 1124 W Carson Street, Torrance, CA 90502, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chandana","family":"Shekar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Lundquist Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center Department of Medicine, , 1124 W Carson Street, Torrance, CA 90502, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sion K","family":"Roy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Lundquist Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center Department of Medicine, , 1124 W Carson Street, Torrance, CA 90502, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John","family":"Tayek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Lundquist Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center Department of Medicine, , 1124 W Carson Street, Torrance, CA 90502, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John R","family":"Nelson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"California Cardiovascular Institute , Fresno, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"2022102514565464300_ehaa652-B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacl.2018.11.008","article-title":"Hypertriglyceridemia in statin-treated US adults: the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey","volume":"13","author":"Fan","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Clin Lipidol"},{"key":"2022102514565464300_ehaa652-B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1812792","article-title":"REDUCE-IT Investigators. 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