{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,17]],"date-time":"2026-07-17T22:58:31Z","timestamp":1784329111153,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":59,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"18","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,24]],"date-time":"2022-02-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1645660800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["81772413"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81772413"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["81930071"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81930071"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["81902265"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81902265"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["82072502"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82072502"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"National Key Research and Development Project","award":["2018YFB1105700"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2018YFB1105700"]}]},{"name":"Project Program of National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders","award":["2020LNJJ03"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020LNJJ03"]}]},{"name":"Key Research and Development Program of Hunan Province","award":["2018SK2070"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2018SK2070"]}]},{"name":"Key Research and Development Program of Hunan Province","award":["2018SK2071"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2018SK2071"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100019081","name":"Science and Technology Program of Hunan Province","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["2019RS2010"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2019RS2010"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100019081","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Previous studies have found high sodium intake to be associated with increased risks of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and all-cause mortality among individuals with hypertension; findings on the effect of intake among individuals without hypertension have been equivocal. We aimed to compare the risks of incident CVD and all-cause mortality among initiators of sodium-containing acetaminophen with the risk of initiators of non-sodium-containing formulations of the same drug according to the history of hypertension.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods and results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Using The Health Improvement Network, we conducted two cohort studies among individuals with and without hypertension. We examined the relation of sodium-containing acetaminophen to the risk of each outcome during 1-year follow-up using marginal structural models with an inverse probability weighting to adjust for time-varying confounders. The outcomes were incident CVD (myocardial infarction, stroke, and heart failure) and all-cause mortality. Among individuals with hypertension (mean age: 73.4 years), 122 CVDs occurred among 4532 initiators of sodium-containing acetaminophen (1-year risk: 5.6%) and 3051 among 146\u2009866 non-sodium-containing acetaminophen initiators (1-year risk: 4.6%). The average weighted hazard ratio (HR) was 1.59 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.32\u20131.92]. Among individuals without hypertension (mean age: 71.0 years), 105 CVDs occurred among 5351 initiators of sodium-containing acetaminophen (1-year risk: 4.4%) and 2079 among 141\u2009948 non-sodium-containing acetaminophen initiators (1-year risk: 3.7%), with an average weighted HR of 1.45 (95% CI 1.18\u20131.79). Results of specific CVD outcomes and all-cause mortality were similar.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The initiation of sodium-containing acetaminophen was associated with increased risks of CVD and all-cause mortality among individuals with or without hypertension. Our findings suggest that individuals should avoid unnecessary excessive sodium intake through sodium-containing acetaminophen use.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehac059","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,31]],"date-time":"2022-01-31T20:13:16Z","timestamp":1643659996000},"page":"1743-1755","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["Sodium-containing acetaminophen and cardiovascular outcomes in individuals with and without hypertension"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"43","author":[{"given":"Chao","family":"Zeng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University , Changsha, China"},{"name":"Division of Rheumatology, Allergy, and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School , Boston, MA, USA"},{"name":"The Mongan Institute, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School , Boston, MA, 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USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3510-8241","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jie","family":"Wei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Rheumatology, Allergy, and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School , Boston, MA, USA"},{"name":"The Mongan Institute, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School , Boston, MA, USA"},{"name":"Health Management Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University , Changsha, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2987-138X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Guanghua","family":"Lei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University , Changsha, China"},{"name":"Hunan Key Laboratory of Joint Degeneration and Injury , Changsha, China"},{"name":"National Clinical Research 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