{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,29]],"date-time":"2026-10-29T03:05:42Z","timestamp":1793243142463,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":105,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"33","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,10]],"date-time":"2023-08-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1691625600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Mitral valve prolapse (MVP) is the most frequent valve condition but remains a conundrum in many aspects, particularly in regard to the existence and frequency of an arrhythmic form (AMVP) and its link to sudden cardiac death. Furthermore, the presence, frequency, and significance of the anatomic functional feature called mitral annular disjunction (MAD) have remained widely disputed. Recent case series and cohorts have shattered the concept that MVP is most generally benign and have emphasized the various phenotypes associated with clinically significant ventricular arrhythmias, including AMVP. The definition, evaluation, follow-up, and management of AMVP represent the focus of the present review, strengthened by recent coherent studies defining an arrhythmic MVP phenotypic that would affect a small subset of patients with MVP at concentrated high risk. The role of MAD in this context is of particular importance, and this review highlights the characteristics of AMVP phenotypes and MAD, their clinical, multimodality imaging, and rhythmic evaluation. These seminal facts lead to proposing a risk stratification clinical pathway with consideration of medical, rhythmologic, and surgical management and have been objects of recent expert consensus statements and of proposals for new research directions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehad491","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,19]],"date-time":"2023-07-19T20:07:19Z","timestamp":1689797239000},"page":"3121-3135","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":60,"title":["Arrhythmic mitral valve prolapse and mitral annular disjunction: pathophysiology, risk stratification, and management"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"44","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7116-5529","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Benjamin","family":"Essayagh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic , 200 First Street S.W., Rochester, MN 55905 , USA"},{"name":"Department of Echocardiography, Cardio X Clinic , Cannes , France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4295-6679","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Avi","family":"Sabbag","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Davidai Center for Rhythm Disturbances and Pacing, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer and the Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University , Ramat-Gan , Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1105-9310","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Edward","family":"El-Am","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic , 200 First Street S.W., Rochester, MN 55905 , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3632-2074","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jo\u00e3o L","family":"Cavalcante","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Allina Health Minneapolis Heart Institute \u2013 Abbott Northwestern Hospital , 800 E 28th St, Minneapolis, MN 55407 , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2341-5247","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hector I","family":"Michelena","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic , 200 First Street S.W., Rochester, MN 55905 , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0910-5450","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maurice","family":"Enriquez-Sarano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Allina Health Minneapolis Heart Institute \u2013 Abbott Northwestern Hospital , 800 E 28th St, Minneapolis, MN 55407 , 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