{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T20:26:45Z","timestamp":1792787205870,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":102,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"46","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,14]],"date-time":"2024-10-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1728864000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000156","name":"Fonds de Recherche du Quebec Sante\u0301","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000156","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Despite key advances in catheter-based treatments, the management of persistent atrial fibrillation (AF) remains a therapeutic challenge in a significant subset of patients. While success rates have improved with repeat AF ablation procedures and the concurrent use of antiarrhythmic drugs, the likelihood of maintaining sinus rhythm during long-term follow-up is still limited. Atrioventricular node ablation (AVNA) has returned as a valuable treatment option given the recent developments in cardiac pacing. With the advent of conduction system pacing, AVNA has seen a revival where pacing-induced cardiomyopathy after AVNA is felt to be overcome. This review will discuss the role of permanent pacemaker implantation and AVNA for AF management in this new era of conduction system pacing. Specifically, this review will discuss the haemodynamic consequences of AF and the mechanisms through which \u2018pace-and-ablate therapy\u2019 enhances outcomes, analyse historical and more recent literature across various pacing methods, and work to identify patient groups that may benefit from earlier implementation of this approach.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehae656","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,14]],"date-time":"2024-10-14T10:20:02Z","timestamp":1728901202000},"page":"4887-4901","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":40,"title":["Atrioventricular node ablation for atrial fibrillation in the era of conduction system pacing"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"45","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0956-688X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jacqueline","family":"Joza","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Center , Montreal, Quebec ,","place":["Canada"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Haran","family":"Burri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiology Department, University Hospital of Geneva , Geneva ,","place":["Switzerland"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8493-5123","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jason G","family":"Andrade","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Vancouver General Hospital , Vancouver, British Columbia ,","place":["Canada"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4893-0824","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dominik","family":"Linz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University Medical Center , Maastricht ,","place":["The Netherlands"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8527-569X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kenneth A","family":"Ellenbogen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Virginia Commonwealth University Medical Center , Richmond, VA ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8818-5964","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kevin","family":"Vernooy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University Medical Center , Maastricht ,","place":["The Netherlands"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024121023021985100_ehae656-B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1607","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cjca.2021.06.011","article-title":"Management of atrial fibrillation in 2021: an updated comparison of the current CCS\/CHRS, ESC, and AHA\/ACC\/HRS guidelines","volume":"37","author":"Cheung","year":"2021","journal-title":"Can J Cardiol"},{"key":"2024121023021985100_ehae656-B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"637","DOI":"10.1016\/S0735-1097(97)00530-5","article-title":"Comparisons of quality of life and cardiac performance after complete atrioventricular junction ablation and atrioventricular junction modification in patients with medically refractory atrial fibrillation","volume":"31","author":"Lee","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"2024121023021985100_ehae656-B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1009795330454","article-title":"The ablate and pace trial: a prospective study of catheter ablation of the AV conduction system and permanent pacemaker implantation for treatment of atrial fibrillation. APT investigators","volume":"2","author":"Kay","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Interv Card Electrophysiol"},{"key":"2024121023021985100_ehae656-B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1609","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1540-8159.1995.tb06982.x","article-title":"Long-term follow-up of patients treated by radiofrequency ablation of the atrioventricular junction","volume":"18","author":"Jensen","year":"1995","journal-title":"Pacing Clin Electrophysiol"},{"key":"2024121023021985100_ehae656-B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"914","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2021.06.038","article-title":"Cryoballoon ablation as initial treatment for atrial fibrillation: JACC state-of-the-art review","volume":"78","author":"Andrade","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"2024121023021985100_ehae656-B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2119","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2016.07.018","article-title":"Predicting atrial fibrillation ablation outcome: the CAAP-AF score","volume":"13","author":"Winkle","year":"2016","journal-title":"Heart Rhythm"},{"key":"2024121023021985100_ehae656-B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"f366","DOI":"10.1093\/europace\/eux297","article-title":"Outcomes of persistent and long-standing persistent atrial fibrillation ablation: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"20","author":"Clarnette","year":"2018","journal-title":"Europace"},{"key":"2024121023021985100_ehae656-B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1335","DOI":"10.1093\/europace\/euv439","article-title":"Five-year efficacy of pulmonary vein antrum isolation as a primary ablation strategy for atrial fibrillation: a single-centre cohort study","volume":"18","author":"Teunissen","year":"2016","journal-title":"Europace"},{"key":"2024121023021985100_ehae656-B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3105","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2020.04.065","article-title":"Recurrence of atrial fibrillation after catheter ablation or antiarrhythmic drug therapy in the CABANA trial","volume":"75","author":"Poole","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"2024121023021985100_ehae656-B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1093\/europace\/euac062","article-title":"Early diagnosis and better rhythm management to improve outcomes in patients with atrial fibrillation: the 8th AFNET\/EHRA consensus conference","volume":"25","author":"Schnabel","year":"2023","journal-title":"Europace"},{"key":"2024121023021985100_ehae656-B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1917","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehac088","article-title":"Electrical management of heart failure: from pathophysiology to treatment","volume":"43","author":"Prinzen","year":"2022","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"2024121023021985100_ehae656-B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"284","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-8703(83)90194-1","article-title":"The hemodynamic consequences of cardiac arrhythmias: evaluation of the relative roles of abnormal atrioventricular sequencing, irregularity of ventricular rhythm and atrial fibrillation in a canine model","volume":"106","author":"Naito","year":"1983","journal-title":"Am Heart J"},{"key":"2024121023021985100_ehae656-B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1433","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9149(97)89297-1","article-title":"Effect of an irregular ventricular rhythm on cardiac output","volume":"78","author":"Daoud","year":"1996","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"key":"2024121023021985100_ehae656-B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1039","DOI":"10.1016\/S0735-1097(97)00254-4","article-title":"Hemodynamic effects of an irregular sequence of ventricular cycle lengths during atrial fibrillation","volume":"30","author":"Clark","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"2024121023021985100_ehae656-B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"i21","DOI":"10.1093\/europace\/euaa387","article-title":"Both beat-to-beat changes in RR-interval and left ventricular filling time determine ventricular function during atrial fibrillation","volume":"23","author":"Lyon","year":"2021","journal-title":"Europace"},{"key":"2024121023021985100_ehae656-B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1606","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9149(97)00779-0","article-title":"A prospective hemodynamic evaluation of patients with chronic atrial fibrillation undergoing radiofrequency catheter ablation of the atrioventricular junction","volume":"80","author":"Geelen","year":"1997","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"key":"2024121023021985100_ehae656-B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1212","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1460-9592.2003.t01-1-00171.x","article-title":"AV nodal ablation and pacemaker implantation improves hemodynamic function in atrial fibrillation","volume":"26","author":"Takahashi","year":"2003","journal-title":"Pacing Clin Electrophysiol"},{"key":"2024121023021985100_ehae656-B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"734","DOI":"10.1053\/euhj.2001.2894","article-title":"Effect of acute atrial fibrillation on phasic coronary blood flow pattern and flow reserve in humans","volume":"23","author":"Kochiadakis","year":"2002","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"2024121023021985100_ehae656-B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"994","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.121.319718","article-title":"Effects of atrial fibrillation on the human ventricle","volume":"130","author":"Pabel","year":"2022","journal-title":"Circ Res"},{"key":"2024121023021985100_ehae656-B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1150","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.110.220418","article-title":"Inhibition of elevated Ca2+\/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II improves contractility in human failing myocardium","volume":"107","author":"Sossalla","year":"2010","journal-title":"Circ Res"},{"key":"2024121023021985100_ehae656-B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"786","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCHEARTFAILURE.112.968321","article-title":"Irregular rhythm adversely influences calcium handling in ventricular myocardium: implications for the interaction between heart failure and atrial fibrillation","volume":"5","author":"Ling","year":"2012","journal-title":"Circ Heart Fail"},{"key":"2024121023021985100_ehae656-B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2011","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000064900.76674.CC","article-title":"Effect of atrial fibrillation and an irregular ventricular response on sympathetic nerve activity in human subjects","volume":"107","author":"Wasmund","year":"2003","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"2024121023021985100_ehae656-B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"853149","DOI":"10.3389\/fcvm.2022.853149","article-title":"Comparison of the efficacy and safety endpoints of five therapies for atrial fibrillation: a network meta-analysis","volume":"9","author":"Wang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Cardiovasc Med"},{"key":"2024121023021985100_ehae656-B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2023.09.093","article-title":"Spontaneous sinus rhythm restoration in patients with refractory, permanent atrial fibrillation who underwent conduction system pacing and atrioventricular junction ablation","volume":"209","author":"Palmisano","year":"2023","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"key":"2024121023021985100_ehae656-B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"417","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1707855","article-title":"Catheter ablation for atrial fibrillation with heart failure","volume":"378","author":"Marrouche","year":"2018","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"2024121023021985100_ehae656-B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1380","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2306037","article-title":"Catheter ablation in end-stage heart failure with atrial fibrillation","volume":"389","author":"Sohns","year":"2023","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"2024121023021985100_ehae656-B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1778","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa0708234","article-title":"Pulmonary-vein isolation for atrial fibrillation in patients with heart failure","volume":"359","author":"Khan","year":"2008","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"2024121023021985100_ehae656-B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1693","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.121.057095","article-title":"Randomized ablation-based rhythm-control versus rate-control trial in patients with heart failure and atrial fibrillation: results from the RAFT-AF trial","volume":"145","author":"Parkash","year":"2022","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"2024121023021985100_ehae656-B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4731","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehab569","article-title":"AV junction ablation and cardiac resynchronization for patients with permanent atrial fibrillation and narrow QRS: the APAF-CRT mortality trial","volume":"42","author":"Brignole","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"2024121023021985100_ehae656-B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1138","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.101.10.1138","article-title":"Clinical outcomes after ablation and pacing therapy for atrial fibrillation: a meta-analysis","volume":"101","author":"Wood","year":"2000","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"2024121023021985100_ehae656-B31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.1016\/0735-1097(93)90723-E","article-title":"A prospective randomized comparison of direct current and radiofrequency ablation of the atrioventricular junction","volume":"21","author":"Morady","year":"1993","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"2024121023021985100_ehae656-B32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"557","DOI":"10.1016\/0735-1097(93)90084-E","article-title":"Comparison of high energy direct current and radiofrequency catheter ablation of the atrioventricular junction","volume":"21","author":"Olgin","year":"1993","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"2024121023021985100_ehae656-B33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"242","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9149(94)90364-6","article-title":"Influence of atrioventricular junction radiofrequency ablation in patients with chronic atrial fibrillation and flutter on quality of life and cardiac performance","volume":"74","author":"Brignole","year":"1994","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"key":"2024121023021985100_ehae656-B34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1136\/hrt.74.3.261","article-title":"Prospective study of left ventricular function after radiofrequency ablation of atrioventricular junction in patients with atrial fibrillation","volume":"74","author":"Edner","year":"1995","journal-title":"Br Heart J"},{"key":"2024121023021985100_ehae656-B35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"499","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-8703(96)90528-1","article-title":"Quality of life and outcomes after radiofrequency His-bundle catheter ablation and permanent pacemaker implantation: impact of treatment in paroxysmal and established atrial fibrillation","volume":"131","author":"Fitzpatrick","year":"1996","journal-title":"Am Heart J"},{"key":"2024121023021985100_ehae656-B36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1585","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.94.7.1585","article-title":"Effect of radiofrequency catheter ablation on health-related quality of life and activities of daily living in patients with recurrent arrhythmias","volume":"94","author":"Bubien","year":"1996","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"2024121023021985100_ehae656-B37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1174","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9149(97)00635-8","article-title":"Incidence of sudden death after radiofrequency ablation of the atrioventricular junction for atrial fibrillation","volume":"80","author":"Darp\u00f6","year":"1997","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"key":"2024121023021985100_ehae656-B38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2617","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.96.8.2617","article-title":"Assessment of atrioventricular junction ablation and DDDR mode-switching pacemaker versus pharmacological treatment in patients with severely symptomatic paroxysmal atrial fibrillation: a randomized controlled study","volume":"96","author":"Brignole","year":"1997","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"2024121023021985100_ehae656-B39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"238","DOI":"10.1136\/hrt.77.3.238","article-title":"Exercise capacity after His bundle ablation and rate response ventricular pacing for drug refractory chronic atrial fibrillation","volume":"77","author":"Buys","year":"1997","journal-title":"Heart"},{"key":"2024121023021985100_ehae656-B40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"641","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1540-8159.1998.tb00119.x","article-title":"Comparison of the effects of AV nodal ablation versus AV nodal modification in patients with congestive heart failure and uncontrolled atrial fibrillation","volume":"21","author":"Twidale","year":"1998","journal-title":"Pacing Clin Electrophysiol"},{"key":"2024121023021985100_ehae656-B41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1053\/eupc.1998.0003","article-title":"Prospective, randomized study of atrioventricular node ablation and mode-switching, dual chamber pacemaker implantation using two different algorithms in patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation","volume":"1","author":"Marshall","year":"1999","journal-title":"Europace"},{"key":"2024121023021985100_ehae656-B42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1697","DOI":"10.1016\/S0735-1097(03)00338-3","article-title":"The Australian intervention randomized control of rate in atrial fibrillation trial (AIRCRAFT)","volume":"41","author":"Weerasooriya","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"2024121023021985100_ehae656-B43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2272","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2016.09.027","article-title":"Incidence and predictors of right ventricular pacing-induced cardiomyopathy in patients with complete atrioventricular block and preserved left ventricular systolic function","volume":"13","author":"Kiehl","year":"2016","journal-title":"Heart Rhythm"},{"key":"2024121023021985100_ehae656-B44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1619","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2014.05.040","article-title":"Incidence and predictors of right ventricular pacing-induced cardiomyopathy","volume":"11","author":"Khurshid","year":"2014","journal-title":"Heart Rhythm"},{"key":"2024121023021985100_ehae656-B45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"282","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2022.09.019","article-title":"Pacing-induced cardiomyopathy: a systematic review and meta-analysis of definition, prevalence, risk factors, and management","volume":"20","author":"Somma","year":"2023","journal-title":"Heart Rhythm"},{"key":"2024121023021985100_ehae656-B46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3427","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehab364","article-title":"2021 ESC guidelines on cardiac pacing and cardiac resynchronization therapy","volume":"42","author":"Glikson","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"2024121023021985100_ehae656-B47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1258","DOI":"10.1016\/S0735-1097(02)01779-5","article-title":"Cardiac resynchronization in patients with congestive heart failure and chronic atrial fibrillation: effect of upgrading to biventricular pacing after chronic right ventricular pacing","volume":"39","author":"Leon","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"2024121023021985100_ehae656-B48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1016\/S0735-1097(02)01932-0","article-title":"Long-term benefits of biventricular pacing in congestive heart failure: results from the MUltisite STimulation in cardiomyopathy (MUSTIC) study","volume":"40","author":"Linde","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"2024121023021985100_ehae656-B49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"234","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2003.09.027","article-title":"Acute comparative effect of right and left ventricular pacing in patients with permanent atrial fibrillation","volume":"43","author":"Puggioni","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"2024121023021985100_ehae656-B50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1013","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2003.10.038","article-title":"Left ventricular mechanics during right ventricular apical or left ventricular-based pacing in patients with chronic atrial fibrillation after atrioventricular junction ablation","volume":"43","author":"Simantirakis","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"2024121023021985100_ehae656-B51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1160","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1540-8167.2005.50062.x","article-title":"Left ventricular-based cardiac stimulation post AV nodal ablation evaluation (the PAVE study)","volume":"16","author":"Doshi","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol"},{"key":"2024121023021985100_ehae656-B52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"712","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehi069","article-title":"Comparative assessment of right, left, and biventricular pacing in patients with permanent atrial fibrillation","volume":"26","author":"Brignole","year":"2005","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"2024121023021985100_ehae656-B53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"264","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ahj.2009.11.012","article-title":"Biventricular pacing improves cardiac function and prevents further left atrial remodeling in patients with symptomatic atrial fibrillation after atrioventricular node ablation","volume":"159","author":"Orlov","year":"2010","journal-title":"Am Heart J"},{"key":"2024121023021985100_ehae656-B54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2420","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehr162","article-title":"Cardiac resynchronization therapy in patients undergoing atrioventricular junction ablation for permanent atrial fibrillation: a randomized trial","volume":"32","author":"Brignole","year":"2011","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"2024121023021985100_ehae656-B55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"755","DOI":"10.1007\/s10741-011-9268-9","article-title":"The determinants of clinical outcome and clinical response to CRT are not the same","volume":"17","author":"Cleland","year":"2012","journal-title":"Heart Fail Rev"},{"key":"2024121023021985100_ehae656-B56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1585","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1210356","article-title":"Biventricular pacing for atrioventricular block and systolic dysfunction","volume":"368","author":"Curtis","year":"2013","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"2024121023021985100_ehae656-B57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cardfail.2009.12.008","article-title":"Conventional versus biventricular pacing in heart failure and bradyarrhythmia: the COMBAT study","volume":"16","author":"Martinelli Filho","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Card Fail"},{"key":"2024121023021985100_ehae656-B58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1927","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2005.12.056","article-title":"Biventricular versus conventional right ventricular stimulation for patients with standard pacing indication and left ventricular dysfunction: the Homburg Biventricular Pacing Evaluation (HOBIPACE)","volume":"47","author":"Kindermann","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"2024121023021985100_ehae656-B59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"873","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.112.001239","article-title":"Cardiac resynchronization therapy in patients with heart failure and a QRS complex &lt;120 milliseconds: the evaluation of resynchronization therapy for heart failure (LESSER-EARTH) trial","volume":"127","author":"Thibault","year":"2013","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"2024121023021985100_ehae656-B60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1395","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1306687","article-title":"Cardiac-resynchronization therapy in heart failure with a narrow QRS complex","volume":"369","author":"Ruschitzka","year":"2013","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"2024121023021985100_ehae656-B61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2461","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa0706695","article-title":"Cardiac-resynchronization therapy in heart failure with narrow QRS complexes","volume":"357","author":"Beshai","year":"2007","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"2024121023021985100_ehae656-B62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1093\/europace\/euu214","article-title":"Cardiac-resynchronization therapy in patients with systolic heart failure and QRS interval \u2264130 ms: insights from a meta-analysis","volume":"17","author":"Shah","year":"2015","journal-title":"Europace"},{"key":"2024121023021985100_ehae656-B63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"euad337","DOI":"10.1093\/europace\/euad337","article-title":"Conventional biventricular pacing is still preferred to conduction system pacing for atrioventricular block in patients with reduced ejection fraction and narrow QRS","volume":"26","author":"Glikson","year":"2023","journal-title":"Europace"},{"key":"2024121023021985100_ehae656-B64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"869","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.101.8.869","article-title":"Permanent, direct His-bundle pacing: a novel approach to cardiac pacing in patients with normal His-Purkinje activation","volume":"101","author":"Deshmukh","year":"2000","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"2024121023021985100_ehae656-B65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"862","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1540-8159.2004.00548.x","article-title":"Direct His-bundle pacing: present and future","volume":"27","author":"Deshmukh","year":"2004","journal-title":"Pacing Clin Electrophysiol"},{"key":"2024121023021985100_ehae656-B66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1938","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2006.01.056","article-title":"Prevention of ventricular desynchronization by permanent para-Hisian pacing after atrioventricular node ablation in chronic atrial fibrillation: a crossover, blinded, randomized study versus apical right ventricular pacing","volume":"47","author":"Occhetta","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"2024121023021985100_ehae656-B67","first-page":"110","article-title":"Permanent parahisian pacing","volume":"7","author":"Occhetta","year":"2007","journal-title":"Indian Pacing Electrophysiol J"},{"key":"2024121023021985100_ehae656-B68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"iv10","DOI":"10.1093\/europace\/eux263","article-title":"Atrioventricular node ablation and His bundle pacing","volume":"19","author":"Vijayaraman","year":"2017","journal-title":"Europace"},{"key":"2024121023021985100_ehae656-B69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e005309","DOI":"10.1161\/JAHA.116.005309","article-title":"Benefits of permanent His bundle pacing combined with atrioventricular node ablation in atrial fibrillation patients with heart failure with both preserved and reduced left ventricular ejection fraction","volume":"6","author":"Huang","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Am Heart Assoc"},{"key":"2024121023021985100_ehae656-B70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e014253","DOI":"10.1161\/JAHA.119.014253","article-title":"Feasibility and efficacy of His bundle pacing or left bundle pacing combined with atrioventricular node ablation in patients with persistent atrial fibrillation and implantable cardioverter-defibrillator therapy","volume":"8","author":"Wang","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Am Heart Assoc"},{"key":"2024121023021985100_ehae656-B71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"ii19","DOI":"10.1093\/europace\/euaa306","article-title":"Long-term performance and risk factors analysis after permanent His-bundle pacing and atrioventricular node ablation in patients with atrial fibrillation and heart failure","volume":"22","author":"Su","year":"2020","journal-title":"Europace"},{"key":"2024121023021985100_ehae656-B72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1532","DOI":"10.1111\/pace.14336","article-title":"Is His-optimized superior to conventional cardiac resynchronization therapy in improving heart failure? Results from a propensity-matched study","volume":"44","author":"Senes","year":"2021","journal-title":"Pacing Clin Electrophysiol"},{"key":"2024121023021985100_ehae656-B73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1948","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2022.07.009","article-title":"His-bundle pacing vs biventricular pacing following atrioventricular nodal ablation in patients with atrial fibrillation and reduced ejection fraction: a multicenter, randomized, crossover study-the ALTERNATIVE-AF trial","volume":"19","author":"Huang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Heart Rhythm"},{"key":"2024121023021985100_ehae656-B74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.3390\/jcdd9070209","article-title":"Biventricular versus conduction system pacing after atrioventricular node ablation in heart failure patients with atrial fibrillation","volume":"9","author":"Ivanovski","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Cardiovasc Dev Dis"},{"key":"2024121023021985100_ehae656-B75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"368","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hroo.2022.04.005","article-title":"Conduction system pacing versus conventional pacing in patients undergoing atrioventricular node ablation: nonrandomized, on-treatment comparison","volume":"3","author":"Vijayaraman","year":"2022","journal-title":"Heart Rhythm O2"},{"key":"2024121023021985100_ehae656-B76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2050313X231172873","DOI":"10.1177\/2050313X231172873","article-title":"His-Purkinje conduction system pacing and atrioventricular node ablation in treatment of persistent atrial fibrillation refractory to multiple ablation procedures: a case report","volume":"11","author":"Qi","year":"2023","journal-title":"SAGE Open Med Case Rep"},{"key":"2024121023021985100_ehae656-B77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1258","DOI":"10.1111\/pace.14813","article-title":"Ablate and pace: comparison of outcomes between conduction system pacing and biventricular pacing","volume":"46","author":"Palmisano","year":"2023","journal-title":"Pacing Clin Electrophysiol"},{"key":"2024121023021985100_ehae656-B78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"347","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2019.11.040","article-title":"Short-term hemodynamic and electrophysiological effects of cardiac resynchronization by left ventricular septal pacing","volume":"75","author":"Salden","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"2024121023021985100_ehae656-B79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1305","DOI":"10.1111\/pace.12910","article-title":"Permanent his-bundle pacing: case studies","volume":"39","author":"Vijayaraman","year":"2016","journal-title":"Pacing Clin Electrophysiol"},{"key":"2024121023021985100_ehae656-B80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"421","DOI":"10.1093\/europace\/euaa344","article-title":"Cryoablation vs. radiofrequency ablation of the atrioventricular node in patients with his-bundle pacing","volume":"23","author":"Zweerink","year":"2021","journal-title":"Europace"},{"key":"2024121023021985100_ehae656-B81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"euae168","DOI":"10.1093\/europace\/euae168","article-title":"Mid-term performance of His-bundle pacing and usefulness of backup leads","volume":"26","author":"Herbert","year":"2024","journal-title":"Europace"},{"key":"2024121023021985100_ehae656-B82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1237","DOI":"10.1093\/europace\/euad044","article-title":"EHRA clinical consensus statement on conduction system pacing implantation: executive summary. Endorsed by the Asia-Pacific Heart Rhythm Society (APHRS), Canadian Heart Rhythm Society (CHRS) and Latin-American Heart Rhythm Society (LAHRS)","volume":"25","author":"Burri","year":"2023","journal-title":"Europace"},{"key":"2024121023021985100_ehae656-B83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"571","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacep.2015.09.012","article-title":"Electrophysiologic insights into site of atrioventricular block: lessons from permanent His bundle pacing","volume":"1","author":"Vijayaraman","year":"2015","journal-title":"JACC Clin Electrophysiol"},{"key":"2024121023021985100_ehae656-B84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e003344","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCEP.115.003344","article-title":"Feasibility and acute hemodynamic effect of left ventricular septal pacing by transvenous approach through the interventricular septum","volume":"9","author":"Mafi-Rad","year":"2016","journal-title":"Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol"},{"key":"2024121023021985100_ehae656-B85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1736.e1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cjca.2017.09.013","article-title":"A novel pacing strategy with low and stable output: pacing the left bundle branch immediately beyond the conduction block","volume":"33","author":"Huang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Can J Cardiol"},{"key":"2024121023021985100_ehae656-B86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"822","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm10040822","article-title":"Comparing ventricular synchrony in left bundle branch and left ventricular septal pacing in pacemaker patients","volume":"10","author":"Heckman","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Clin Med"},{"key":"2024121023021985100_ehae656-B87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1281","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2021.04.025","article-title":"Left bundle branch pacing compared to left ventricular septal myocardial pacing increases interventricular dyssynchrony but accelerates left ventricular lateral wall depolarization","volume":"18","author":"Curila","year":"2021","journal-title":"Heart Rhythm"},{"key":"2024121023021985100_ehae656-B88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4161","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehac445","article-title":"Left bundle branch area pacing outcomes: the multicentre European MELOS study","volume":"43","author":"Jastrzebski","year":"2022","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"2024121023021985100_ehae656-B89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.1111\/jce.16128","article-title":"Left bundle branch pacing versus left ventricular septal pacing as a primary procedural endpoint during left bundle branch area pacing: evaluation of two different implant strategies","volume":"35","author":"Cano","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol"},{"key":"2024121023021985100_ehae656-B90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2021.07.057","article-title":"Left bundle branch-optimized cardiac resynchronization therapy (LOT-CRT): results from an international LBBAP collaborative study group","volume":"19","author":"Jastrz\u0119bski","year":"2022","journal-title":"Heart Rhythm"},{"key":"2024121023021985100_ehae656-B91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e006934","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCEP.118.006934","article-title":"His-optimized cardiac resynchronization therapy to maximize electrical resynchronization: a feasibility study","volume":"12","author":"Vijayaraman","year":"2019","journal-title":"Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol"},{"key":"2024121023021985100_ehae656-B92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2024.05.019","article-title":"Left bundle branch area pacing improves right ventricular function and synchrony","author":"Bednarek","year":"2024","journal-title":"Heart Rhythm"},{"key":"2024121023021985100_ehae656-B93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e010926","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCEP.122.010926","article-title":"Left bundle branch pacing postatrioventricular junction ablation for atrial fibrillation: propensity score matching with His bundle pacing","volume":"15","author":"Cai","year":"2022","journal-title":"Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol"},{"key":"2024121023021985100_ehae656-B94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"euad019","DOI":"10.1093\/europace\/euad019","article-title":"Conduction system pacing, a European survey: insights from clinical practice","volume":"25","author":"Keene","year":"2023","journal-title":"Europace"},{"key":"2024121023021985100_ehae656-B95","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"682","DOI":"10.1093\/europace\/euac201","article-title":"Conduction system pacing in everyday clinical practice: EHRA physician survey","volume":"25","author":"Kircanski","year":"2023","journal-title":"Europace"},{"key":"2024121023021985100_ehae656-B96","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1020","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1540-8159.2000.tb00891.x","article-title":"The 1998 NASPE prospective catheter ablation registry","volume":"23","author":"Scheinman","year":"2000","journal-title":"Pacing Clin Electrophysiol"},{"key":"2024121023021985100_ehae656-B97","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.eurheartj.a014696","article-title":"Incidence of complete atrioventricular block following attempted radiofrequency catheter modification of the atrioventricular node in 880 patients. Results of the Multicenter European Radiofrequency Survey (MERFS) the working group on arrhythmias of the European Society of Cardiology","volume":"17","author":"Hindricks","year":"1996","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"2024121023021985100_ehae656-B98","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.1007\/s11936-996-0005-y","article-title":"Long QT syndromes","volume":"2","author":"Moss","year":"2000","journal-title":"Curr Treat Options Cardiovasc Med"},{"key":"2024121023021985100_ehae656-B99","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1016\/S0735-1097(02)01927-7","article-title":"Sudden death after radiofrequency ablation of the atrioventricular node in patients with atrial fibrillation","volume":"40","author":"Ozcan","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"2024121023021985100_ehae656-B100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3700","DOI":"10.1002\/ehf2.14488","article-title":"Conduction system pacing and atrioventricular node ablation in heart failure: the PACE-FIB study design","volume":"10","author":"Rodr\u00edguez Mu\u00f1oz","year":"2023","journal-title":"ESC Heart Fail"},{"key":"2024121023021985100_ehae656-B101","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"euae057","DOI":"10.1093\/europace\/euae057","article-title":"Stepping back for good reasons: a reappraisal of the DF-1 connector for defibrillator leads","volume":"26","author":"Sticherling","year":"2024","journal-title":"Europace"},{"key":"2024121023021985100_ehae656-B102","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1111\/jce.15747","article-title":"Rationale and design of the lead evaluation for defibrillation and reliability study: safety and efficacy of a novel ICD lead design","volume":"34","author":"Crossley","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol"}],"container-title":["European Heart Journal"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/eurheartj\/article-pdf\/45\/46\/4887\/60973284\/ehae656.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/eurheartj\/article-pdf\/45\/46\/4887\/60973284\/ehae656.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,10]],"date-time":"2024-12-10T23:04:28Z","timestamp":1733871868000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/eurheartj\/article\/45\/46\/4887\/7821007"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,14]]},"references-count":102,"journal-issue":{"issue":"46","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,14]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,7]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehae656","relation":{},"ISSN":["0195-668X","1522-9645"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0195-668X","type":"print"},{"value":"1522-9645","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,7]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,14]]}}}