{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,10]],"date-time":"2026-10-10T16:26:00Z","timestamp":1791649560955,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":58,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,27]],"date-time":"2026-05-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1779840000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background and Aims<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Evidence linking arrhythmias to dementia predominantly focuses on atrial fibrillation\/flutter (AF), leaving non-AF subtypes under-researched. This study investigated associations of multiple incident and accumulated arrhythmia exposures with dementia and brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to address these gaps.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>UK Biobank participants without baseline arrhythmias, dementia, or organic central nervous system diseases were included. Cox models estimated associations of incident arrhythmia (AR), AF, bradyarrhythmia\/conduction block (Brady\/Block), ventricular arrhythmia (VA), and accumulated arrhythmia exposure (types) with all-cause, vascular and Alzheimer\u2019s dementia. Specific subtypes\u2014including atrioventricular block (AVB), sinus node dysfunction (SND), and bundle branch block (BBB)\u2014were also evaluated. Arrhythmia-related brain MRI alterations were analysed.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Among 391 078 participants (median follow-up 13.35 years), 50 243 (12.85%) developed incident AR (AF, n = 33 182; Brady\/Block, n = 21 244; VA, n = 6296), and 10 564 (2.70%) developed all-cause dementia (vascular, n = 2034; Alzheimer, n = 4329). Incident AR, AF, Brady\/Block, and VA were independently associated with increased risk of all dementia outcomes (fully adjusted Model 3). Accumulated arrhythmia exposure exhibited a positive dose\u2013response relationship with dementia risk, driven largely by AF+Brady\/Block. Concurrent AF and AVB\/SND (or BBB) showed higher dementia risk than either exposure alone, whereas pacemaker implantation related to lower risk than AVB\/SND without pacing. These associations remained robust to incident stroke or cardiac arrest, genetic dementia risk, baseline cognition, and sensitivity analyses. Non-AF arrhythmias provided incremental predictive value beyond conventional risk factors, similar to AF. Brain MRI analysis revealed arrhythmia-related neurodegenerative changes, including brain atrophy, choroid-plexus enlargement, and white-matter injury.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Incident arrhythmias (both AF and non-AF) exhibit independent and accumulated associations with dementia risk and consistent neurodegeneration. These findings extend the arrhythmia-dementia association beyond AF and suggest multi-arrhythmic framework for dementia risk assessment.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehag401","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,7]],"date-time":"2026-05-07T11:40:18Z","timestamp":1778154018000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Arrhythmias, dementia risk, and neurodegeneration: a cohort study"],"prefix":"10.1093","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8621-1858","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wenzhao","family":"Lu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Laboratory of Heart Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University , No.253 Gongye Dadao Zhong, Haizhu District, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510280 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