{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,4]],"date-time":"2026-09-04T02:00:17Z","timestamp":1788487217395,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"33","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,18]],"date-time":"2018-12-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1545091200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"NIH","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100002429","name":"Amgen","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100002429","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Inc."}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Subjects with lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] elevation have increased arterial wall inflammation and cardiovascular risk. In patients at increased cardiovascular risk, arterial wall inflammation is reduced following lipid-lowering therapy by statin treatment or lipoprotein apheresis. However, it is unknown whether lipid-lowering treatment in elevated Lp(a) subjects alters arterial wall inflammation. We evaluated whether evolocumab, which lowers both low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and Lp(a), attenuates arterial wall inflammation in patients with elevated Lp(a).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods and results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In this multicentre, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study, 129 patients {median [interquartile range (IQR)]: age 60.0 [54.0\u201367.0] years, Lp(a) 200.0 [155.5\u2013301.5] nmol\/L [80.0 (62.5\u2013121.0) mg\/dL]; mean [standard deviation (SD)] LDL-C 3.7 [1.0] mmol\/L [144.0 (39.7) mg\/dL]; National Cholesterol Education Program high risk, 25.6%} were randomized to monthly subcutaneous evolocumab 420\u2009mg or placebo. Compared with placebo, evolocumab reduced LDL-C by 60.7% [95% confidence interval (CI) 65.8\u201355.5] and Lp(a) by 13.9% (95% CI 19.3\u20138.5). Among evolocumab-treated patients, the Week 16 mean (SD) LDL-C level was 1.6 (0.7) mmol\/L [60.1 (28.1) mg\/dL], and the median (IQR) Lp(a) level was 188.0 (140.0\u2013268.0) nmol\/L [75.2 (56.0\u2013107.2) mg\/dL]. Arterial wall inflammation [most diseased segment target-to-background ratio (MDS TBR)] in the index vessel (left carotid, right carotid, or thoracic aorta) was assessed by 18F-fluoro-deoxyglucose positron-emission tomography\/computed tomography. Week 16 index vessel MDS TBR was not significantly altered with evolocumab (\u22128.3%) vs. placebo (\u22125.3%) [treatment difference \u22123.0% (95% CI \u22127.4% to 1.4%); P\u2009=\u20090.18].<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Evolocumab treatment in patients with median baseline Lp(a) 200.0\u2009nmol\/L led to a large reduction in LDL-C and a small reduction in Lp(a), resulting in persistent elevated Lp(a) levels. The latter may have contributed to the unaltered arterial wall inflammation.<\/jats:p>\n                    <jats:p\/>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehy862","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,4]],"date-time":"2018-12-04T15:12:17Z","timestamp":1543936337000},"page":"2775-2781","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":122,"title":["Persistent arterial wall inflammation in patients with elevated lipoprotein(a) despite strong low-density lipoprotein cholesterol reduction by proprotein convertase subtilisin\/kexin type 9 antibody treatment"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"40","author":[{"given":"Lotte C A","family":"Stiekema","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Erik S G","family":"Stroes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Simone L","family":"Verweij","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Helina","family":"Kassahun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Development, Amgen Inc., One Amgen Center Drive Thousand Oaks, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lisa","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biostatistics, Amgen Inc., One Amgen Center Drive Thousand Oaks, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Scott M","family":"Wasserman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Development, Amgen Inc., One Amgen Center Drive Thousand Oaks, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marc S","family":"Sabatine","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, TIMI Study Group, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Fenwood Road, Boston, MA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Venkatesh","family":"Mani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Translational and Molecular Imaging Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Pl, New York, NY, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zahi A","family":"Fayad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Translational and Molecular Imaging Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. 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