{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,29]],"date-time":"2026-10-29T05:38:11Z","timestamp":1793252291440,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"Supplement_K","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,17]],"date-time":"2019-12-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1576540800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":16,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Watermeadow Medical"},{"name":"Ashfield Company"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100005646","name":"Actelion Pharmaceuticals Ltd","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100005646","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Our aim with this review is to provide practical advice and management support for nurses and other healthcare practitioners in managing fluid retention in adults with right heart failure (RHF) due to pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). Vigilant management of RHF is important for maintaining patient quality of life, as fluid overload can lead to abdominal bloating (ascites) and peripheral oedema, which also has a major impact on patients\u2019 morbidity and mortality. Patients with RHF should be assessed regularly for signs of fluid retention. If fluid overload develops, it is important to determine whether it is caused by the progression of PAH, a side effect of PAH-specific treatment, or another drug or comorbid condition, as this affects both the prognosis and the management strategy. Right heart failure can be treated with both pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions to reduce fluid retention; including altering fluid and salt intake, weight monitoring, and use of diuretics. All patients on diuretics should be regularly monitored for renal dysfunction and electrolyte imbalance and given advice on how to manage the side effects associated with diuretic use. Fluid retention is often assessed and treated in clinical practice by specialist nurses, who act as a key patient contact providing advice and information on symptom management. This review provides an overview of the challenges related to fluid retention, including strategies to help patients manage symptoms and side effects of treatment.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/suz207","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,17]],"date-time":"2019-12-17T04:07:29Z","timestamp":1576555649000},"page":"K46-K53","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":39,"title":["The practical management of fluid retention in adults with right heart failure due to pulmonary arterial hypertension"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Simone","family":"Stickel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University Hospital of Zurich, Department of Pneumonology, C HOER 4, R\u00e4mistrasse 100, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wendy","family":"Gin-Sing","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Pulmonary Hypertension Service, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, Hammersmith Hospital, London, W12 0HS, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martha","family":"Wagenaar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Amsterdam UMC, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081 HV Amsterdam, the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J Simon R","family":"Gibbs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Heart & Lung Institute, Imperial College London, Cale Street, London, SW3 6LY, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"2019121704072414900_suz207-B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1883","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.106.632208","article-title":"Right ventricular function and failure: report of a National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute working group on cellular and molecular mechanisms of right heart 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