{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,21]],"date-time":"2025-09-21T18:06:43Z","timestamp":1758478003169,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":10,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"Supplement_3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,24]],"date-time":"2024-07-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1721779200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":53,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100004325","name":"AstraZeneca","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100004325","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Microlabs"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100004319","name":"Pfizer","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100004319","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100011725","name":"Servier","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100011725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,24]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Hypertension is a major contributor to premature death and disability globally. The age-standardized prevalence of hypertension among adults aged 30\u201379 years is among the highest at 36%. Despite the availability of cost-effective interventions, awareness, treatment, and control rates remain low. To tackle this and raise awareness, the May Measurement Month (MMM) campaign was initiated by the International Society of Hypertension in 2017. This paper summarizes results from the 2021 MMM campaign. Screening was conducted in 22 sites across 7 counties. We aimed to take three blood pressure (BP) readings and corresponding heart rate measurements as per the standardized protocol. Where this was not achievable, at least one reading was taken. Other variables recorded included demographic data, risk factors, comorbidities, and history of COVID-19 infection. A total of 9738 individuals were screened, of whom 57% were female. After multiple imputations, 28.2% were hypertensive, of whom 45.9% were aware and 42.0% were on treatment. Of those on treatment, 50.3% were controlled, translating to control among only 21.1% of the total hypertensive population. Previous COVID-19 vaccinations were associated with lower systolic BP (SBP) and diastolic BP (DBP). Individuals who consumed alcohol one to three times a month had lower diastolic BP after adjustment for age, sex, and anti-hypertensive treatment. Among women, the use of hormonal contraceptives was associated with lower SBP and DBP after adjustment for age, sex, and anti-hypertensive treatment. Hypertension awareness, treatment, and control rates remain low, though trends from previous MMM campaigns in Kenya suggest steady improvement. The associations between COVID-19 vaccination and contraceptive use with lower BP warrant further investigation. Programmes such as MMM provide much needed data to track the progress towards reducing the burden of hypertension.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartjsupp\/suae057","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,25]],"date-time":"2024-07-25T04:31:23Z","timestamp":1721881883000},"page":"iii51-iii54","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["May Measurement Month 2021: an analysis of blood pressure screening results from Kenya"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Lilian","family":"Mbau","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Programmes, Kenya Cardiac Society , Nairobi , Kenya"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bernard","family":"Gitura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiology Unit, Kenyatta National Teaching and Referral Hospital , Nairobi , Kenya"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hellen","family":"Nguchu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Programmes, Kenya Cardiac Society , Nairobi , Kenya"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yubrine","family":"Moraa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Programmes, Kenya Cardiac Society , Nairobi , Kenya"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bernard","family":"Samia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Programmes, Kenya Cardiac Society , Nairobi , Kenya"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Thomas","family":"Beaney","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Imperial Clinical Trials Unit, Imperial College London , London , UK"},{"name":"Department of Primary Care and Public Health, Imperial College London , London , UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sima","family":"Toopchiani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Imperial Clinical Trials Unit, Imperial College London , London , UK"},{"name":"Ageing Epidemiology Research Unit (AGE), Faculty of Medicine, School of Public Health, Imperial College London , London , UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Neil R","family":"Poulter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Imperial Clinical Trials Unit, Imperial College London , London , UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Elijah","family":"Ogola","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Nairobi , Nairobi , Kenya"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024072421002850300_suae057-B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1923","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(18)32225-6","article-title":"Global, regional, and national comparative risk assessment of 84 behavioural, environmental and occupational, and metabolic risks or clusters of risks for 195 countries and territories, 1990\u20132017: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017","volume":"392","author":"GBD 2017 Risk Factor Collaborators","year":"2018","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"volume-title":"Global Report on Hypertension: the Race Against a Silent Killer","year":"2023","key":"2024072421002850300_suae057-B2"},{"key":"2024072421002850300_suae057-B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2111","DOI":"10.1111\/jch.14046","article-title":"Uncontrolled hypertension in sub-Saharan Africa: now is the time to address a looming crisis","volume":"22","author":"Ferdinand","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich)"},{"year":"2015","author":"Kenya National Bureau of Statistics","key":"2024072421002850300_suae057-B4"},{"key":"2024072421002850300_suae057-B5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/suz059","article-title":"May Measurement Month 2017: the results of blood pressure screening of 14845 individuals in Kenya \u2014 Sub-Saharan Africa","volume":"21","author":"Ogola","year":"2019","journal-title":"Eur Heart J Suppl"},{"key":"2024072421002850300_suae057-B6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/suaa033","article-title":"May Measurement Month 2018: an analysis of blood pressure screening from Kenya","volume":"22","author":"Ogola","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur Heart J 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