{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T23:19:28Z","timestamp":1787008768321,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,10]],"date-time":"2024-01-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1704844800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000124","name":"Office of Research on Women\u2019s Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000124","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009633","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health & Human Development","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009633","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"NIH","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["K12HD043488"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["K12HD043488"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000056","name":"National Institute of Nursing Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01NR013492"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01NR013492"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000056","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100006108","name":"National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100006108","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,19]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Physical symptoms impact patients with heart failure (HF) despite treatment advancements; however, our understanding of the pathogenic mechanisms underlying HF symptoms remains limited, including sex differences therein. The objective of this study was to quantify associations between sympathetic markers [norepinephrine (NE) and 3,4-dihydroxyphenylglycol (DHPG)] and physical symptoms in patients with HF and to explore sex differences in these associations.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods and results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We performed a secondary analysis of combined data from two studies: outpatients with HF (n = 111), and patients prior to left ventricular assist device implantation (n = 38). Physical symptoms were measured with the Heart Failure Somatic Perception Scale (HFSPS) dyspnoea and early\/subtle symptom subscales and the Functional Assessment in Chronic Illness Therapy Fatigue Scale (FACIT-F) to capture dyspnoea, early symptoms of decompensation, and fatigue. Norepinephrine and DHPG were measured with high-performance liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection. Multivariate linear regression was used to quantify associations between symptoms and sympathetic markers. The sample (n = 149) was 60.8 \u00b1 15.7 years, 41% women, and 71% non-ischaemic aetiology. Increased plasma NE and NE:DHPG ratio were associated with worse FACIT-F scores (P = 0.043 and P = 0.013, respectively). Increased plasma NE:DHPG ratio was associated with worse HFSPS early\/subtle symptoms (P = 0.025). In sex-stratified analyses, increased NE:DHPG ratio was associated with worse FACIT-F scores (P = 0.011) and HFSPS early\/subtle scores (P = 0.022) among women but not men.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In patients with HF, sympathetic dysfunction is associated with worse fatigue and early\/subtle physical symptoms with associations stronger in women than men.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/eurjcn\/zvad121","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,26]],"date-time":"2023-11-26T09:43:55Z","timestamp":1700991835000},"page":"532-539","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Sympathetic dysfunction is associated with worse fatigue and early and subtle symptoms in heart failure: an exploratory sex-stratified analysis"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"23","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-6740-795X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nina","family":"Stutsman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Oregon Health & Science University, School of Nursing , 3455 SW U.S. Veteran\u2019s Hospital Road, Portland, OR 97239 , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4658-8730","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Beth","family":"Habecker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oregon Health & Science University, Knight Cardiovascular Institute , 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, Portland, OR 97239 , USA"},{"name":"Department of Chemical Physiology and Biochemistry, Oregon Health & Science University , 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, Portland, OR 97239 , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1607-6849","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Noelle","family":"Pavlovic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Johns Hopkins School of Public Health , 615 N Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD 21205 , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9813-9817","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Corrine Y","family":"Jurgens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Boston College, William F. 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