{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,28]],"date-time":"2026-10-28T21:54:35Z","timestamp":1793224475772,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,16]],"date-time":"2025-06-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1750032000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004442","name":"National Science Centre, Poland","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["OPUS 22 OPUS.E250.22.003"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["OPUS 22 OPUS.E250.22.003"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004442","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,29]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The aim of this study was to compare affective symptoms, cognitive dysfunction, and self-care behaviours among different heart failure (HF) phenotypes and to explore their interrelationships, particularly examining how cognitive and affective factors influence self-care practices.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods and results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This cross-sectional study involved 250 older adults hospitalized for acute decompensated HF, categorized into three groups based on left ventricular ejection fraction (EF): HF with reduced EF (HFrEF), mildly reduced EF (HFmrEF), and preserved EF (HFpEF). Affective symptoms were assessed using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale and Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), while cognitive function was evaluated with the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) and Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE). Self-care behaviours were measured using the European Heart Failure Self-Care Behavior Scale. Among participants, 42% had HFrEF, 18.4% had HFmrEF, and 39.6% had HFpEF. Cognitive dysfunction was more pronounced in HFpEF patients (MMSE median = 28.0, IQR = 26.0\u201329.0) compared with those with HFrEF (median = 28.0, IQR = 27.0\u201329.0) or HFmrEF (median = 29.0, IQR = 27.3\u201329.0, P = 0.008). Higher MMSE scores were significantly associated with better self-care behaviours in HFpEF patients (Spearman\u2019s r = \u22120.299, P = 0.003) but not in the other groups. Significant differences were found in specific self-care behaviours, including contacting healthcare providers and adherence to a low-sodium diet.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Although variations in cognitive function and self-care behaviors were observed across HF phenotypes, these differences were not statistically significant after adjusting for demographic and clinical factors. Tailored interventions should be based on a comprehensive assessment of cognitive and emotional health, rather than HF phenotype alone.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/eurjcn\/zvaf112","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,14]],"date-time":"2025-06-14T07:46:15Z","timestamp":1749887175000},"page":"1274-1283","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Affective symptoms, cognitive function and self-care behaviours in adults with heart failure according to ejection fraction phenotype"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Maria","family":"J\u0119drzejczyk","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Research Methodology, Department of Nursing, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Wroclaw Medical University , Wroclaw 51-618 ,","place":["Poland"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christopher S","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"William F. 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