{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T08:07:53Z","timestamp":1791446873745,"version":"4.3.3"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,6,24]],"date-time":"2009-06-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1245801600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,7,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In CARE-HF, cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) lowered morbidity and mortality in patients with moderate to severe heart failure. We examined whether baseline and follow-up electrocardiographic characteristics might predict long-term outcome.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods and results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>CARE-HF randomly assigned 409 patients to medical therapy (MT) plus CRT, and 404 patients to MT alone. Electrocardiographic measurements were made at baseline during sinus rhythm, and at 3 months during paced or spontaneous rhythm depending on treatment assignment. Favourable outcome was defined as freedom from death, urgent transplantation, or cardiovascular hospitalization. Among patients assigned to CRT, 39% had unfavourable outcomes including 55 deaths. By single variable analysis, (i) prolonged PR interval, left QRS axis (but not QRS duration), and left bundle branch block (BBB) at baseline, and (ii) heart rate, PR, and QRS duration at 3 months predicted unfavourable outcome. By multiple variable analysis, treatment assignment (P = 0.0001), PR (P = 0.0004), and right BBB (P &amp;lt; 0.00013) at baseline predicted outcome, whereas baseline JTc and QRS duration at 3 months predicted all-cause mortality and heart failure hospitalization (P = 0.0071).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In CARE-HF, QRS duration at baseline did not predict outcome, but QRS at 3 months was a predictor by single variable analysis. Patients with prolonged PR interval and the 5% of patients with right BBB had a particularly high event rate.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/eurjhf\/hfp074","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,6,8]],"date-time":"2009-06-08T20:14:04Z","timestamp":1244492044000},"page":"699-705","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":202,"title":["Surface Electrocardiogram to Predict Outcome in Candidates for Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy: A Sub-Analysis of the CARE-HF Trial"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Renaud","family":"Gervais","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"D\u00e9partement de Cardiologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Pontchaillou , 2, rue Henri Le Guilloux, 35033, Rennes cedex 09 ,","place":["France"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christophe","family":"Leclercq","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"D\u00e9partement de Cardiologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Pontchaillou , 2, rue Henri Le Guilloux, 35033, Rennes cedex 09 ,","place":["France"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aparna","family":"Shankar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The University of Birmingham , Edgbaston ,","place":["UK"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sandra","family":"Jacobs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bakken Research Center , Maastricht ,","place":["The Netherlands"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hans","family":"Eiskj\u00e6r","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Aarhus University Hospital , Aarhus ,","place":["Denmark"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arne","family":"Johannessen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gentofte University Hospital , Hellerup ,","place":["Denmark"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nick","family":"Freemantle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The University of Birmingham , Edgbaston ,","place":["UK"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John G.F.","family":"Cleland","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Hull , Kingston-upon-Hull ,","place":["UK"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luigi","family":"Tavazzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"GVM Hospitals of Care and Research , Cotignola ,","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Claude","family":"Daubert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"D\u00e9partement de Cardiologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Pontchaillou , 2, rue Henri Le Guilloux, 35033, Rennes cedex 09 ,","place":["France"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,6,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026020203381853600_ejhfhfp074-bib-0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2140","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa032423","article-title":"Cardiac-resynchronization therapy with or without an implantable defibrillator in advanced chronic heart failure","volume":"350","author":"Bristow","year":"2004","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"2026020203381853600_ejhfhfp074-bib-0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1539","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa050496","article-title":"The effect of cardiac resynchronization on morbidity and mortality in heart failure","volume":"352","author":"Cleland","year":"2005","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"2026020203381853600_ejhfhfp074-bib-0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2256","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehm305","article-title":"European Heart Rhythm Association Guidelines for cardiac pacing and cardiac resynchronization therapy","volume":"28","author":"Vardas","year":"2007","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"2026020203381853600_ejhfhfp074-bib-0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"296","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000113458.76455.03","article-title":"Ventricular resynchronisation. 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