{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,9]],"date-time":"2026-06-09T22:05:58Z","timestamp":1781042758913,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2010,3,24]],"date-time":"2010-03-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1269388800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,4,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The aim of this study is to compare the effects of a 24 h intravenous infusion of levosimendan and a 48 h infusion of dobutamine on invasive haemodynamics in patients with acutely decompensated chronic NYHA class III\u2013IV heart failure. All patients were receiving optimal oral therapy including a \u03b2-blocker.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods and results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This was a multinational, randomized, double-blind, phase IV study in 60 patients; follow-up was 1 month. There was a significant increase in cardiac index and a significant decrease in pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (PCWP) at 24 and 48 h for both dobutamine and levosimendan. The improvement in cardiac index with levosimendan was not significantly different from dobutamine at 24 h (P = 0.07), but became significant at 48 h (0.44 \u00b1 0.56 vs. 0.66 \u00b1 0.63 L\/min\/m2; P = 0.04). At 24 h, the reduction in the mean change in PCWP from baseline was similar for levosimendan and dobutamine, however, at 48 h the difference was more marked for levosimendan (\u22123.6 \u00b1 7.6 vs. \u22128.3 \u00b1 6.7 mmHg; P = 0.02). No difference was observed between the groups for change in NYHA class, \u03b2-blocker use, hospitalizations, treatment discontinuations or rescue medication use. Reduction in B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) was significantly greater with levosimendan at 48 h (P = 0.03). According to physician's assessment, the improvement in fatigue (P = 0.01) and dyspnoea (P = 0.04) was in favour of dobutamine treatment, and hypotension was significantly more frequent with levosimendan (P = 0.007). No increase in atrial fibrillation or ventricular tachycardia was seen in either group.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A 24 h levosimendan infusion achieved haemodynamic and neurohormonal improvement that was at least comparable at 24 h and superior at 48 h to a 48 h dobutamine infusion.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/eurjhf\/hfq032","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,3,24]],"date-time":"2010-03-24T09:43:35Z","timestamp":1269423815000},"page":"404-410","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":69,"title":["Intravenous Levosimendan vs. Dobutamine in Acute Decompensated Heart Failure Patients on Beta-Blockers"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Claes-H\u00e5kan","family":"Bergh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital , SE-41345, Gothenburg ,","place":["Sweden"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bert","family":"Andersson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital , SE-41345, Gothenburg ,","place":["Sweden"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ulf","family":"Dahlstr\u00f6m","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Linkoping University Hospital , S-582 52, Linkoping ,","place":["Sweden"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kolbjorn","family":"Forfang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Rikshospitalet University Hospital , 0027, Oslo ,","place":["Norway"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matti","family":"Kivikko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Critical Care, R&D, Orion Pharma , PO Box 65, 02101, Espoo ,","place":["Finland"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Toni","family":"Sarapohja","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Critical Care, R&D, Orion Pharma , PO Box 65, 02101, Espoo ,","place":["Finland"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bengt","family":"Ullman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, S\u00f6dersjukhuset , Sjukhusbacken 10, Stockholm ,","place":["Sweden"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gerhard","family":"Wikstr\u00f6m","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Sciences, Kardiologi, Akademiska Hospital, Institution of Medical Science , Uppsala, 751 85 ,","place":["Sweden"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2010,3,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026020203354682000_ejhfhfq032-bib-0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1859","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-2828(95)90009-8","article-title":"Cardiac troponin C as a target protein for a novel calcium sensitizing drug, levosimendan","volume":"27","author":"Haikala","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Mol Cell Cardiol"},{"key":"2026020203354682000_ejhfhfq032-bib-0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1254\/jphs.CP0060010","article-title":"Vasodilating mechanisms of levosimendan: involvement of K+ channels","volume":"104","author":"Yildiz","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Pharmacol Sci"},{"key":"2026020203354682000_ejhfhfq032-bib-0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"522","DOI":"10.1067\/mcp.2000.110972","article-title":"Myocardial efficiency during levosimendan infusion in congestive heart failure","volume":"68","author":"Ukkonen","year":"2000","journal-title":"Clin Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"2026020203354682000_ejhfhfq032-bib-0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1903","DOI":"10.1016\/S0735-1097(00)00961-X","article-title":"Hemodynamic and neurohumoral effects of continuous infusion of levosimendan in patients with congestive heart failure","volume":"36","author":"Nieminen","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"2026020203354682000_ejhfhfq032-bib-0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2222","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.102.18.2222","article-title":"Acute hemodynamic and clinical effects of levosimendan in patients with severe heart failure. 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