{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,19]],"date-time":"2026-10-19T19:58:17Z","timestamp":1792439897033,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,2,1]],"date-time":"2011-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1296518400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,2,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Recurrent myocardial infarction (MI) is common after a first MI and is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Predictors and prognosis of a recurrent MI with contemporary management are not well known.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods and results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We assessed the predictors and prognostic impact of a first recurrent MI in 10 599 patients with left ventricular dysfunction, heart failure, or both following a first MI from the Valsartan in Acute Myocardial Infarction Trial (VALIANT) cohort. During a median follow-up of 27.4 months, 861 patients (9.6%) had a recurrent MI. The median time to recurrence was 136 days (quartiles 35\u2013361 days), with a declining rate of recurrent MI within the first 3 months. The strongest predictors of recurrent MI were reduced estimated glomerular filtration rate, unstable angina, diabetes, and age. Mortality was markedly elevated (20.5%) within the first 7 days of a recurrent MI. Patients who survived 7 days after a recurrent MI continued to be at increased risk of death compared with patients without a recurrent MI and the risk of death remained elevated more than two-fold a year after the recurrent MI (adjusted hazards ratio 2.4, 95% confidence interval 1.7\u20133.2). One-year mortality for the entire VALIANT cohort was 10.3%, whereas 38.3% of the patients were dead 1 year after recurrent MI. Early reinfarctions (within 1 month) was associated with significantly higher 30-day mortality than later reinfarctions.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Even in the context of contemporary treatment, a recurrent MI confers a significantly increased risk of death in patients following a high-risk first MI. Strategies aimed at reducing recurrent MI will thus likely prolong survival in post-MI survivors.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/eurjhf\/hfq194","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,10,30]],"date-time":"2010-10-30T20:24:18Z","timestamp":1288470258000},"page":"148-153","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":92,"title":["Predictors and Prognostic Impact of Recurrent Myocardial Infarction in Patients with Left Ventricular Dysfunction, Heart Failure, or Both Following a First Myocardial Infarction"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Jens Jakob","family":"Thune","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital , 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA, 02115 ,","place":["USA"]},{"name":"Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet , Copenhagen ,","place":["Denmark"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"James E.","family":"Signorovitch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital , 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA, 02115 ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lars","family":"Kober","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet , Copenhagen ,","place":["Denmark"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John J.V.","family":"McMurray","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Western Infirmary , Glasgow ,","place":["Scotland"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karl","family":"Swedberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Gothenburg , Gothenburg ,","place":["Sweden"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jean","family":"Rouleau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Montreal , Montreal ,","place":["Canada"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aldo","family":"Maggioni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ANMCO , Florence ,","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eric","family":"Velazquez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Duke University , Durham, NC ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert","family":"Califf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Duke University , Durham, NC ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marc A.","family":"Pfeffer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital , 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA, 02115 ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Scott D.","family":"Solomon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital , 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA, 02115 ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,2,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026020203314472900_ejhfhfq194-bib-0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1016\/S0735-1097(10)80043-9","article-title":"Prognostic significance of nonfatal myocardial reinfarction. Multicenter Diltiazem Postinfarction Trial Research Group","volume":"15","author":"Benhorin","year":"1990","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"2026020203314472900_ejhfhfq194-bib-0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"883","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9149(93)91100-V","article-title":"Predictors and long-term prognostic significance of recurrent infarction in the year after a first myocardial infarction. SPRINT Study Group","volume":"72","author":"Kornowski","year":"1993","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"key":"2026020203314472900_ejhfhfq194-bib-0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"900","DOI":"10.1016\/0735-1097(95)00270-1","article-title":"Prognostic significance of nonfatal reinfarction during 3-year follow-up: results of the Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction (TIMI) phase II clinical trial. The TIMI Investigators","volume":"26","author":"Mueller","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"2026020203314472900_ejhfhfq194-bib-0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"696","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9149(97)00497-9","article-title":"Prospective validation of a composite end point in thrombolytic trials of acute myocardial infarction (TIMI 4 and 5). Thrombosis In Myocardial Infarction","volume":"80","author":"Cannon","year":"1997","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"key":"2026020203314472900_ejhfhfq194-bib-0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"118","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ahj.2005.09.022","article-title":"The impact of the ESC\/ACC redefinition of myocardial infarction and new sensitive troponin assays on the frequency of acute myocardial infarction","volume":"152","author":"Kavsak","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am Heart J"},{"key":"2026020203314472900_ejhfhfq194-bib-0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"446","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-8703(03)00245-X","article-title":"Impact of the troponin standard on the prevalence of acute myocardial infarction","volume":"146","author":"Kontos","year":"2003","journal-title":"Am Heart J"},{"key":"2026020203314472900_ejhfhfq194-bib-0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"817","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2003.12.016","article-title":"Impact of the recommendations for the redefinition of myocardial infarction on diagnosis and prognosis in an unselected United Kingdom cohort with suspected cardiac chest pain","volume":"93","author":"Trevelyan","year":"2004","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"key":"2026020203314472900_ejhfhfq194-bib-0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"727","DOI":"10.1067\/mhj.2000.108832","article-title":"Valsartan in Acute Myocardial Infarction Trial (VALIANT): rationale and design","volume":"140","author":"Pfeffer","year":"2000","journal-title":"Am Heart J"},{"key":"2026020203314472900_ejhfhfq194-bib-0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1893","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa032292","article-title":"Valsartan, captopril, or both in myocardial infarction complicated by heart failure, left ventricular dysfunction, or both","volume":"349","author":"Pfeffer","year":"2003","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"2026020203314472900_ejhfhfq194-bib-0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"752","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2005.02.010","article-title":"Recurrent infarction causes the most deaths following myocardial infarction with left ventricular dysfunction","volume":"118","author":"\u00d8rn","year":"2005","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"key":"2026020203314472900_ejhfhfq194-bib-0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"608","DOI":"10.1016\/0735-1097(94)90004-3","article-title":"Predictors of nonfatal reinfarction in survivors of myocardial infarction after thrombolysis. Results of the Gruppo Italiano per lo Studio della Sopravvivenza nell'Infarto Miocardico (GISSI-2) Data Base","volume":"24","author":"Volpi","year":"1994","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"2026020203314472900_ejhfhfq194-bib-0012","first-page":"476","article-title":"Predictors of death and reinfarction at 30 days after primary angioplasty: The GUSTO Ilb and RAPPORT trials","volume":"139","author":"Brener","year":"2000","journal-title":"Am Heart J"},{"key":"2026020203314472900_ejhfhfq194-bib-0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1039","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9149(01)01458-8","article-title":"Incidence, determinants, and clinical course of reinfarction in-hospital after index acute myocardial infarction (results from the pooled data of the maximal individual therapy in acute myocardial infarction [mitra], and the myocardial infarction registry [MIR])","volume":"87","author":"D\u00f6nges","year":"2001","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"key":"2026020203314472900_ejhfhfq194-bib-0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1229","DOI":"10.1161\/hc3601.095717","article-title":"Early reinfarction after fibrinolysis: experience from the Global Utilization of Streptokinase and Tissue Plasminogen Activator (Alteplase) for Occluded Coronary Arteries (GUSTO I) and Global Use of Strategies To Open Occluded Coronary Arteries (GUSTO III) Trials","volume":"104","author":"Hudson","year":"2001","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"2026020203314472900_ejhfhfq194-bib-0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1285","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa041365","article-title":"Relation between renal dysfunction and cardiovascular outcomes after myocardial infarction","volume":"351","author":"Anavekar","year":"2004","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"2026020203314472900_ejhfhfq194-bib-0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"698","DOI":"10.1093\/eurjhf\/hfq070","article-title":"Intermittent claudication as a predictor of outcome in patients with ischaemic systolic heart failure: analysis of the Controlled Rosuvastatin Multinational Trial in Heart Failure trial (CORONA)","volume":"12","author":"Inglis","year":"2010","journal-title":"Eur J Heart Fail"},{"key":"2026020203314472900_ejhfhfq194-bib-0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"210","DOI":"10.1136\/hrt.2006.092213","article-title":"Temporal decline in the prognostic impact of a recurrent acute myocardial infarction 1985 to 2002","volume":"93","author":"Buch","year":"2007","journal-title":"Heart"},{"key":"2026020203314472900_ejhfhfq194-bib-0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1173","DOI":"10.1016\/S0735-1097(03)00920-3","article-title":"The incidence, predictors, and outcomes of early reinfarction after primary angioplasty for acute myocardial infarction","volume":"42","author":"Kernis","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"2026020203314472900_ejhfhfq194-bib-0019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(03)12113-7","article-title":"Primary angioplasty versus intravenous thrombolytic therapy for acute myocardial infarction: a quantitative review of 23 randomised trials","volume":"361","author":"Keeley","year":"2003","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"2026020203314472900_ejhfhfq194-bib-0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"733","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa025142","article-title":"A Comparison of Coronary Angioplasty with Fibrinolytic Therapy in Acute Myocardial Infarction","volume":"349","author":"Andersen","year":"2003","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"2026020203314472900_ejhfhfq194-bib-0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"178","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCOUTCOMES.108.802397","article-title":"Hazard function and secular trends in the risk of recurrent acute myocardial infarction: 30 years of follow-up of more than 775000 incidents","volume":"2","author":"Gulliksson","year":"2009","journal-title":"Circ Cardiovasc Qual Outcomes"},{"key":"2026020203314472900_ejhfhfq194-bib-0022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1457","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehp110","article-title":"Associations of major bleeding and myocardial infarction with the incidence and timing of mortality in patients presenting with non-ST-elevation acute coronary syndromes: a risk model from the ACUITY trial","volume":"30","author":"Mehran","year":"2009","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"2026020203314472900_ejhfhfq194-bib-0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2155","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa0908610","article-title":"Population trends in the incidence and outcomes of acute myocardial infarction","volume":"362","author":"Yeh","year":"2010","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"2026020203314472900_ejhfhfq194-bib-0024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"933","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejheart.2008.08.005","article-title":"ESC guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic heart failure 2008: the Task Force for the diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic heart failure 2008 of the European Society of Cardiology. Developed in collaboration with the Heart Failure Association of the ESC (HFA) and endorsed by the European Society of Intensive Care Medicine (ESICM)","volume":"10","author":"Dickstein","year":"2008","journal-title":"Eur J Heart Fail"}],"container-title":["European Journal of Heart Failure"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1093%2Feurjhf%2Fhfq194","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/eurjhf\/article-pdf\/13\/2\/148\/66470159\/eurjhf_13_2_148.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/eurjhf\/article-pdf\/13\/2\/148\/66470159\/eurjhf_13_2_148.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,2]],"date-time":"2026-02-02T08:31:51Z","timestamp":1770021111000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/eurjhf\/article\/13\/2\/148\/8431000"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2011,2,1]]},"references-count":24,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,2,18]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,2,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/eurjhf\/hfq194","relation":{},"ISSN":["1388-9842","1879-0844"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1388-9842","type":"print"},{"value":"1879-0844","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2011,2]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2011,2,1]]}}}