{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,31]],"date-time":"2026-10-31T07:55:22Z","timestamp":1793433322125,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,20]],"date-time":"2026-01-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1768867200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":4494,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/3.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,10,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To evaluate the effect of iron deficiency (ID) and\/or anaemia on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods and results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We undertook a post-hoc analysis of a cohort of CHF patients in a single-centre study evaluating cognitive function. At recruitment, patients provided baseline information and completed the Minnesota Living with Heart Failure questionnaire (MLHFQ) for HRQoL (higher scores reflect worse HRQoL). At the same time, blood samples were taken for serological evaluation. ID was defined as serum ferritin levels &amp;lt;100 ng\/mL or serum ferritin &amp;lt;800 ng\/mL with transferrin saturation &amp;lt;20%. Anaemia was defined as haemoglobin \u226412 g\/dL. A total of 552 CHF patients were eligible for inclusion, with an average age of 72 years and 40% in NYHA class III or IV. The MLHFQ overall summary scores were 41.0 \u00b1 24.7 among those with ID, vs. 34.4 \u00b1 26.4 for non-ID patients (P = 0.003), indicating worse HRQoL. When adjusted for other factors associated with HRQoL, ID was significantly associated with worse MLHFQ overall summary (P = 0.008) and physical dimension scores (P = 0.002), whereas anaemia was not (both P &amp;gt; 0.05). Increased levels of soluble transferrin receptor were also associated with impaired HRQoL (P \u2264 0.001). Adjusting for haemoglobin and C-reactive protein, ID was more pronounced in patients with anaemia compared with those without (P &amp;lt; 0.001).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In patients with CHF, ID but not anaemia was associated with reduced HRQoL, mostly due to physical factors.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/eurjhf\/hft083","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,5,23]],"date-time":"2013-05-23T23:35:10Z","timestamp":1369352110000},"page":"1164-1172","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":176,"title":["Iron Deficiency is a Key Determinant of Health-Related Quality of Life in Patients with Chronic Heart Failure Regardless of Anaemia Status"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Josep","family":"Com\u00edn-Colet","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Heart Failure Programme, Department of Cardiology, Hospital del Mar , Barcelona ,","place":["Spain"]},{"name":"Heart Diseases Biomedical Research Group, Program of Research in Inflammatory and Cardiovascular Disorders, IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute) , Barcelona ,","place":["Spain"]},{"name":"Department of Medicine, Universitat Aut\u00f2noma de Barcelona , Barcelona ,","place":["Spain"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cristina","family":"Enjuanes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Heart Failure Programme, Department of Cardiology, Hospital del Mar , Barcelona ,","place":["Spain"]},{"name":"Heart Diseases Biomedical Research Group, Program of Research in Inflammatory and Cardiovascular Disorders, IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute) , Barcelona ,","place":["Spain"]},{"name":"Department of Medicine, Universitat Aut\u00f2noma de Barcelona , Barcelona ,","place":["Spain"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gina","family":"Gonz\u00e1lez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Heart Failure Programme, Department of Cardiology, Hospital del Mar , Barcelona ,","place":["Spain"]},{"name":"Heart Diseases Biomedical Research Group, Program of Research in Inflammatory and Cardiovascular Disorders, IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute) , Barcelona ,","place":["Spain"]},{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Fundaci\u00f3n Santa Fe , Bogot\u00e1 ,","place":["Colombia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ainhoa","family":"Torrens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Heart Failure Programme, Department of Cardiology, Hospital del Mar , Barcelona ,","place":["Spain"]},{"name":"Heart Diseases Biomedical Research Group, Program of Research in Inflammatory and Cardiovascular Disorders, IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute) , Barcelona ,","place":["Spain"]},{"name":"Department of Medicine, Universitat Aut\u00f2noma de Barcelona , Barcelona ,","place":["Spain"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Merc\u00e8","family":"Cladellas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Heart Diseases Biomedical Research Group, Program of Research in Inflammatory and Cardiovascular Disorders, IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute) , Barcelona ,","place":["Spain"]},{"name":"Department of Medicine, Universitat Aut\u00f2noma de Barcelona , Barcelona ,","place":["Spain"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Oona","family":"Mero\u00f1o","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Heart Failure Programme, Department of Cardiology, Hospital del Mar , Barcelona ,","place":["Spain"]},{"name":"Heart Diseases Biomedical Research Group, Program of Research in Inflammatory and Cardiovascular Disorders, IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute) , Barcelona ,","place":["Spain"]},{"name":"Department of Medicine, Universitat Aut\u00f2noma de Barcelona , Barcelona ,","place":["Spain"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nuria","family":"Ribas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Heart Failure Programme, Department of Cardiology, Hospital del Mar , Barcelona ,","place":["Spain"]},{"name":"Heart Diseases Biomedical Research Group, Program of Research in Inflammatory and Cardiovascular Disorders, IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute) , Barcelona ,","place":["Spain"]},{"name":"Department of Medicine, Universitat Aut\u00f2noma de Barcelona , Barcelona ,","place":["Spain"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sonia","family":"Ruiz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Heart Failure Programme, Department of Cardiology, Hospital del Mar , Barcelona ,","place":["Spain"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Miquel","family":"G\u00f3mez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Heart Failure Programme, Department of Cardiology, Hospital del Mar , Barcelona ,","place":["Spain"]},{"name":"Heart Diseases Biomedical Research Group, Program of Research in Inflammatory and Cardiovascular Disorders, IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute) , Barcelona ,","place":["Spain"]},{"name":"Department of Medicine, Universitat Aut\u00f2noma de Barcelona , Barcelona ,","place":["Spain"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jos\u00e9 Maria","family":"Verd\u00fa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Heart Diseases Biomedical Research Group, Program of Research in Inflammatory and Cardiovascular Disorders, IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute) , Barcelona ,","place":["Spain"]},{"name":"Department of Medicine, Universitat Aut\u00f2noma de Barcelona , Barcelona ,","place":["Spain"]},{"name":"Jordi Gol Primary Care Research Institute, Catalan Institute of Heath , Barcelona ,","place":["Spain"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jordi","family":"Bruguera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Heart Failure Programme, Department of Cardiology, Hospital del Mar , Barcelona ,","place":["Spain"]},{"name":"Heart Diseases Biomedical Research Group, Program of Research in Inflammatory and Cardiovascular Disorders, IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute) , Barcelona ,","place":["Spain"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,1,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026011921160505800_ejhfhft083-bib-0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejheart.2005.01.012","article-title":"The impact of chronic heart failure on health-related quality of life data acquired in the baseline phase of the CARE-HF study","volume":"7","author":"Calvert","year":"2005","journal-title":"Eur J Heart Fail"},{"key":"2026011921160505800_ejhfhft083-bib-0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1136\/heart.87.3.235","article-title":"Health related quality of life in patients with congestive heart failure: comparison with other chronic diseases and relation to functional variables","volume":"87","author":"Juenger","year":"2002","journal-title":"Heart"},{"key":"2026011921160505800_ejhfhft083-bib-0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"433","DOI":"10.1093\/eurjhf\/hfp041","article-title":"Palliative care in heart failure","volume":"11","author":"Jaarsma","year":"2009","journal-title":"Eur J Heart Fail"},{"key":"2026011921160505800_ejhfhft083-bib-0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1016\/j.recesp.2010.10.003","article-title":"Validation of the Spanish version of the Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire","volume":"64","author":"Comin-Colet","year":"2011","journal-title":"Rev Esp Cardiol"},{"key":"2026011921160505800_ejhfhft083-bib-0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"439","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cardfail.2006.04.004","article-title":"Association of functional and health status measures in heart failure","volume":"12","author":"Myers","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Card Fail"},{"key":"2026011921160505800_ejhfhft083-bib-0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1872","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehq158","article-title":"Iron deficiency: an ominous sign in patients with systolic chronic heart failure","volume":"31","author":"Jankowska","year":"2010","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"2026011921160505800_ejhfhft083-bib-0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"599","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCHEARTFAILURE.111.960906","volume":"4","author":"Parikh","year":"2011","journal-title":"Circ Heart Fail"},{"key":"2026011921160505800_ejhfhft083-bib-0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"899","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cardfail.2011.08.003","article-title":"Iron deficiency predicts impaired exercise capacity in patients with systolic chronic heart failure","volume":"17","author":"Jankowska","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Card Fail"},{"key":"2026011921160505800_ejhfhft083-bib-0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"437","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/79.3.437","article-title":"Tissue iron deficiency without anemia impairs adaptation in endurance capacity after aerobic training in previously untrained women","volume":"79","author":"Brownlie","year":"2004","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"2026011921160505800_ejhfhft083-bib-0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2436","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa0908355","article-title":"Ferric carboxymaltose in patients with heart failure and iron deficiency","volume":"361","author":"Anker","year":"2009","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"2026011921160505800_ejhfhft083-bib-0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1657","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2007.07.029","article-title":"Intravenous iron reduces NT-pro-brain natriuretic peptide in anemic patients with chronic heart failure and renal insufficiency","volume":"50","author":"Toblli","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"2026011921160505800_ejhfhft083-bib-0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehr504","article-title":"The effect of intravenous ferric carboxymaltose on health-related quality of life in patients with chronic heart failure and iron deficiency: a subanalysis of the FAIR-HF study","volume":"34","author":"Comin-Colet","year":"2013","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"2026011921160505800_ejhfhft083-bib-0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"471","DOI":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2007.06.008","article-title":"KDOQI. KDOQI clinical practice guideline and clinical practice recommendations for anemia in chronic kidney disease: 2007 update of hemoglobin target","volume":"50","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am J Kidney Dis"},{"key":"2026011921160505800_ejhfhft083-bib-0014","first-page":"56","volume-title":"Tietz Clinical Guide to Laboratory Tests","author":"Wu","year":"2006"},{"key":"2026011921160505800_ejhfhft083-bib-0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1157\/13116652","article-title":"[Validation of the Spanish version of the Minnesota Living with Heart Failure Questionnaire]","volume":"61","author":"Garin","year":"2008","journal-title":"Rev Esp Cardiol"},{"key":"2026011921160505800_ejhfhft083-bib-0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"676S","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/131.2.676S","article-title":"Iron deficiency and reduced work capacity: a critical review of the research to determine a causal relationship","volume":"131","author":"Haas","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Nutr"},{"key":"2026011921160505800_ejhfhft083-bib-0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hfc.2010.03.003","article-title":"Molecular changes in myocardium in the course of anemia or iron deficiency","volume":"6","author":"Jankowska","year":"2010","journal-title":"Heart Fail Clin"},{"key":"2026011921160505800_ejhfhft083-bib-0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"474","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2011.01.059","article-title":"Myocardial and systemic iron depletion in heart failure implications for anemia accompanying heart failure","volume":"58","author":"Maeder","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"2026011921160505800_ejhfhft083-bib-0019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"882","DOI":"10.1093\/eurjhf\/hfs056","article-title":"Beyond the cardiorenal anaemia syndrome: recognizing the role of iron deficiency","volume":"14","author":"Macdougall","year":"2012","journal-title":"Eur J Heart Fail"},{"key":"2026011921160505800_ejhfhft083-bib-0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"423","DOI":"10.1093\/eurjhf\/hfs017","article-title":"Iron supplementation for the treatmentofchronic heart failure and iron deficiency: systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"14","author":"Avni","year":"2012","journal-title":"Eur J Heart Fail"},{"key":"2026011921160505800_ejhfhft083-bib-0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2141.2011.08741.x","article-title":"Diagnosis and management of anaemia of chronic disease: current status","volume":"154","author":"Cullis","year":"2011","journal-title":"Br J Haematol"},{"key":"2026011921160505800_ejhfhft083-bib-0022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1016","DOI":"10.1002\/1529-0131(200005)43:5<1016::AID-ANR9>3.0.CO;2-3","article-title":"Single values of serum transferrin receptor and transferrin receptor ferritin index can be used to detect true and functional iron deficiency in rheumatoid arthritis patients with anemia","volume":"43","author":"Suominen","year":"2000","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"2026011921160505800_ejhfhft083-bib-0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2934","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V92.8.2934","article-title":"Serum transferrin receptor and transferrin receptor\u2013ferritin index identify healthy subjects with subclinical iron deficits","volume":"92","author":"Suominen","year":"1998","journal-title":"Blood"}],"container-title":["European Journal of Heart Failure"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1093%2Feurjhf%2Fhft083","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1093%2Feurjhf%2Fhft083","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1093\/eurjhf\/hft083","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1093\/eurjhf\/hft083","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/eurjhf\/article-pdf\/15\/10\/1164\/66443371\/eurjhf_15_10_1164.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/eurjhf\/article-pdf\/15\/10\/1164\/66443371\/eurjhf_15_10_1164.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,20]],"date-time":"2026-01-20T02:19:49Z","timestamp":1768875589000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/eurjhf\/article\/15\/10\/1164\/8428768"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2013,10,1]]},"references-count":23,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,1,27]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,10,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/eurjhf\/hft083","relation":{},"ISSN":["1388-9842","1879-0844"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1388-9842","type":"print"},{"value":"1879-0844","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2013,10]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2013,10,1]]}}}