{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T06:09:23Z","timestamp":1790834963316,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"15","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,23]],"date-time":"2021-02-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1614038400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"funder":[{"name":"Italian Ministry of Health"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,29]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>In heart failure (HF) iron deficiency (ID) is frequently observed and represents a major mortality risk factor. Purpose of this study was to evaluate the correlation between mortality and ID in a cohort of 661 consecutive patients hospitalized for HF worsening.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods and results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Patients were grouped: (i)according to presence(+)\/absence(\u2212) of anaemia (A) and ID defined following World Health Organization (WHO) and European Society of Cardiology (ESC)\u2013American College of Cardiology\/American Heart Association\/HF society of America (ACC\/AHA\/HFSA) definitions, respectively: Group A\u2212ID\u2212 (n\u2009=\u2009123), Group A+ID\u2212 (n\u2009=\u200980), Group A+ID+ (n\u2009=\u2009247), and Group A\u2212ID+ (n\u2009=\u2009211); (ii) according to presence of absolute (serum ferritin &amp;lt; 100\u03bcg\/L) and functional ID [ferritin between 100 and 300\u03bcg\/L and transferrin saturation (TSAT) &amp;lt; 20%]; and (iii) according to TSAT &amp;lt;20% and \u226520%. Groups were not different for several clinical features but age, gender, kidney function, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Average follow-up was 1.94\u2009year (\u00b1420\u2009days). Overall 5\u2009years mortality rate was 29.5%. Only anaemia and functional ID but not ID as defined by guidelines showed an impact on prognosis. Transferrin saturation &amp;lt;20% (n\u2009=\u2009360) patients showed worst prognosis compared to TSAT \u226520% (n\u2009=\u2009301) patients. In addition, functional ID patients showed worse prognosis compared patients with ferritin &amp;lt;100\u03bcg\/L and TSAT &amp;lt;20% or \u226520% likely due to more severe chronic inflammatory status [C-reactive protein, 7.4 (interquartile range 2.7\u201322.6) and 3.2 (1.4\u20138.7) mg\/L, P\u2009&amp;lt;\u20090.0001 respectively].<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>We confirmed that in HF anaemia is associated to a poor prognosis. Moreover, we showed that patients with TSAT &amp;lt;20% had worse prognosis compared to those with TSAT \u226520% but the composite of ferritin between 100 and 300\u2009\u03bcg\/L and TSAT &amp;lt;20% identifies HF patients with the poorest survival rate.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/eurjpc\/zwaa112","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,14]],"date-time":"2021-01-14T11:57:42Z","timestamp":1610625462000},"page":"1639-1646","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":32,"title":["Prognostic role of transferrin saturation in heart failure patients"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"28","author":[{"given":"Jeness","family":"Campodonico","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro Cardiologico Monzino, IRCCS, Via Parea 4, 20138 Milano, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Flavia","family":"Nicoli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro Cardiologico Monzino, IRCCS, Via Parea 4, 20138 Milano, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Irene","family":"Motta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fondazione IRCCS C\u00e0 Granda Ospedale Policlinico, Via Francesco Sforza 20122, Milan, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Science and Community Health, University of Milan, Via Festa del Perdono 7, 20122 Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Margherita","family":"Migone De Amicis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fondazione IRCCS C\u00e0 Granda Ospedale Policlinico, Via Francesco Sforza 20122, Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alice","family":"Bonomi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro Cardiologico Monzino, IRCCS, Via Parea 4, 20138 Milano, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria","family":"Cappellini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fondazione IRCCS C\u00e0 Granda Ospedale Policlinico, Via Francesco Sforza 20122, Milan, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Science and Community Health, University of Milan, Via Festa del Perdono 7, 20122 Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Piergiuseppe","family":"Agostoni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro Cardiologico Monzino, IRCCS, Via Parea 4, 20138 Milano, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Science and Community Health, University of Milan, Via Festa del Perdono 7, 20122 Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"2021122918523217700_zwaa112-B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.118.030099","article-title":"Anemia and iron deficiency in heart failure: current concepts and emerging 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