{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,16]],"date-time":"2026-05-16T03:07:38Z","timestamp":1778900858910,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,9]],"date-time":"2022-02-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1644364800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Research, Development and Innovation Fund of Hungary","award":["NVKP_16-1-2016-0017"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NVKP_16-1-2016-0017"]}]},{"name":"Thematic Excellence Program"},{"name":"T\u00e9mater\u00fcleti Kiv\u00e1l\u00f3s\u00e1gi Program","award":["2020-4.1.1.-TKP2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020-4.1.1.-TKP2020"]}]},{"name":"Ministry for Innovation and Technology in Hungary"},{"name":"Therapeutic Development and Bioimaging programmes of the Semmelweis University","award":["TKP2021-NKTA-46"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["TKP2021-NKTA-46"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012550","name":"National Research, Development and Innovation Fund","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["TKP2021-NKTA"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["TKP2021-NKTA"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012550","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012550","name":"National Research, Development and Innovation Fund","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["\u00daNKP-21-5"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["\u00daNKP-21-5"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012550","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012550","name":"National Research, Development and Innovation Fund","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["\u00daNKP- 21-3-I"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["\u00daNKP- 21-3-I"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012550","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"New National Excellence Program of the Ministry for Innovation and Technology"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012550","name":"National Research, Development, and Innovation Fund","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012550","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"National Research, Development and Innovation Office (NKFIH) of Hungary","award":["K135076 to B.M."],"award-info":[{"award-number":["K135076 to B.M."]}]},{"name":"J\u00e1nos Bolyai Research Scholarship of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>While left ventricular (LV) adaptation to regular, intense exercise has been thoroughly studied, data concerning the right ventricular (RV) mechanical changes and their continuum with athletic performance are scarce. The aim of this study was to characterize biventricular morphology and function and their relation to sex, age, and sports classes in a large cohort of elite athletes using three-dimensional (3D) echocardiography.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods and results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Elite, competitive athletes (n = 422) and healthy, sedentary volunteers (n = 55) were enrolled. Left ventricular and RV end-diastolic volumes (EDVi) and ejection fractions (EFs) were measured. To characterize biventricular mechanics, LV and RV global longitudinal (GLS) and circumferential strains (GCS) were quantified. All subjects underwent cardiopulmonary exercise testing to determine peak oxygen uptake (VO2\/kg). Athletes had significantly higher LV and RV EDVi compared with controls (athletes vs. controls; LV EDVi: 81 \u00b1 13 vs. 62 \u00b1 11 mL\/m2, RV EDVi: 82 \u00b1 14 vs. 63 \u00b1 11 mL\/m2; P &amp;lt; 0.001). Concerning biventricular systolic function, athletes had significantly lower resting LV and RV EF (LV EF: 57 \u00b1 4 vs. 61 \u00b1 5%; RV EF: 55 \u00b1 5 vs. 59 \u00b1 5%; P &amp;lt; 0.001). The exercise-induced relative decrease in LV GLS (9.5 \u00b1 10.7%) and LV GCS (10.7 \u00b1 9.8%) was similar; however, the decrement in RV GCS (14.8 \u00b1 17.8%) was disproportionately larger compared with RV GLS (1.7 \u00b1 15.4%, P &amp;lt; 0.01). Right ventricular EDVi was found to be the strongest independent predictor of VO2\/kg by multivariable linear regression.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Resting LV mechanics of the athlete\u2019s heart is characterized by a balanced decrement in GLS and GCS; however, RV GCS decreases disproportionately compared with RV GLS. Moreover, this mechanical pattern is associated with better exercise capacity.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/eurjpc\/zwac026","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,3]],"date-time":"2022-02-03T12:23:10Z","timestamp":1643890990000},"page":"1594-1604","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":35,"title":["Biventricular mechanical pattern of the athlete\u2019s heart: comprehensive characterization using three-dimensional echocardiography"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"29","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8449-0638","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alexandra","family":"F\u00e1bi\u00e1n","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University , V\u00e1rosmajor str. 68, Budapest H-1122 , Hungary"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Adrienn","family":"Ujv\u00e1ri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University , V\u00e1rosmajor str. 68, Budapest H-1122 , Hungary"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3036-4131","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"M\u00e1rton","family":"Tokodi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University , V\u00e1rosmajor str. 68, Budapest H-1122 , Hungary"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7627-5620","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"B\u00e1lint K\u00e1roly","family":"Lakatos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University , V\u00e1rosmajor str. 68, Budapest H-1122 , Hungary"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Orsolya","family":"Kiss","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University , V\u00e1rosmajor str. 68, Budapest H-1122 , Hungary"},{"name":"Department of Sports Medicine, Semmelweis University , Budapest , Hungary"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M\u00e1t\u00e9","family":"Babity","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University , V\u00e1rosmajor str. 68, Budapest H-1122 , Hungary"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M\u00e1rk","family":"Z\u00e1modics","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University , V\u00e1rosmajor str. 68, Budapest H-1122 , Hungary"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9999-4321","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"N\u00f3ra","family":"Syd\u00f3","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University , V\u00e1rosmajor str. 68, Budapest H-1122 , Hungary"},{"name":"Department of Sports Medicine, Semmelweis University , Budapest , Hungary"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7683-8000","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Emese","family":"Csulak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University , V\u00e1rosmajor str. 68, Budapest H-1122 , Hungary"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hajnalka","family":"V\u00e1g\u00f3","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University , V\u00e1rosmajor str. 68, Budapest H-1122 , Hungary"},{"name":"Department of Sports Medicine, Semmelweis University , Budapest , Hungary"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lili\u00e1na","family":"Szab\u00f3","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University , V\u00e1rosmajor str. 68, Budapest H-1122 , Hungary"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anna R\u00e9ka","family":"Kiss","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University , V\u00e1rosmajor str. 68, Budapest H-1122 , Hungary"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andrea","family":"Sz\u0171cs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University , V\u00e1rosmajor str. 68, Budapest H-1122 , Hungary"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Istvan","family":"Hizoh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University , V\u00e1rosmajor str. 68, Budapest H-1122 , Hungary"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"B\u00e9la","family":"Merkely","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University , V\u00e1rosmajor str. 68, Budapest H-1122 , Hungary"},{"name":"Department of Sports Medicine, Semmelweis University , Budapest , 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