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Patients were classified by number of NCCs (0, 1, 2, 3, and \u22654). Of the AHF patients, 20.5% had no NCC, 28.5% had 1 NCC, 23.1% had 2 NCC, 15.4% had 3 NCC, and 12.5% had \u22654 NCC. In-hospital and post-discharge mortality increased with number of NCCs from 3.0% and 18.5% for 1 NCC to 12.5% and 36% for \u22654 NCCs.<\/jats:p><jats:p>Anaemia, COPD, PVD, sleep apnoea, rheumatoid arthritis, stroke\/TIA, Parkinson, and depression were more prevalent in HF with preserved EF (HFpEF). The hazard ratio (95% confidence interval) for post-discharge death for each NCC was for anaemia 1.6 (1.4\u20131.8), diabetes 1.2 (1.1\u20131.4), kidney dysfunction 1.7 (1.5\u20131.9), COPD 1.4 (1.2\u20131.5), PVD 1.2 (1.1\u20131.4), stroke\/TIA 1.3 (1.1\u20131.5), depression 1.2 (1.0\u20131.5), hepatic dysfunction 2.1 (1.8\u20132.5), malignancy 1.5 (1.2\u20131.8), sleep apnoea 1.2 (0.9\u20131.7), rheumatoid arthritis 1.5 (1.1\u20132.1), and Parkinson 1.4 (0.9\u20132.1). Anaemia, kidney dysfunction, COPD, and diabetes were associated with post-discharge mortality in all EF categories, PVD, stroke\/TIA, and depression only in HF with reduced EF, and sleep apnoea and malignancy only in HFpEF.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Multiple NCCs conferred poor in-hospital and post-discharge outcomes. Ejection fraction categories had different prevalence and risk profile associated with individual NCCs.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/eurjpc\/zwad151","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,12]],"date-time":"2023-05-12T21:07:51Z","timestamp":1683925671000},"page":"1346-1358","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":56,"title":["Comprehensive characterization of non-cardiac comorbidities in acute heart failure: an analysis of ESC-HFA EURObservational Research Programme Heart Failure Long-Term Registry"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"30","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3197-3628","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ovidiu","family":"Chioncel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Emergency Institute for Cardiovascular Diseases \u2018Prof. C.C. 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